OpenResty + Lua + Kafka 实现日志收集系统以及部署过程中遇到的坑

时间:2021-11-29 01:37:46

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OpenResty + Lua + Kafka 实现日志收集系统以及部署过程中遇到的坑

------------------------正文开始---------------------------

********************* 部署过程 **************************

一:场景描述

对于线上大流量服务或者需要上报日志的nginx服务,每天会产生大量的日志,这些日志非常有价值。可用于计数上报、用户行为分析、接口质量、性能监控等需求。但传统nginx记录日志的方式数据会散落在各自nginx上,而且大流量日志本身对磁盘也是一种冲击。 
我们需要把这部分nginx日志统一收集汇总起来,收集过程和结果需要满足如下需求: 
支持不同业务获取数据,如监控业务,数据分析统计业务,推荐业务等。 
数据实时性 
高性能保证

二:技术方案

得益于openresty和kafka的高性能,我们可以非常轻量高效的实现当前需求,架构如下: 
OpenResty + Lua + Kafka 实现日志收集系统以及部署过程中遇到的坑 
方案描述: 
1:线上请求打向nginx后,使用lua完成日志整理:如统一日志格式,过滤无效请求,分组等。 
2:根据不同业务的nginx日志,划分不同的topic。 
3:lua实现producter异步发送到kafka集群。 
4:对不同日志感兴趣的业务组实时消费获取日志数据。

三:相关技术 
openresty: http://openresty.org 
kafka: http://kafka.apache.org 
lua-resty-kafka: https://github.com/doujiang24/lua-resty-kafka

四:安装配置 
为了简单直接,我们采用单机形式配置部署,集群情况类似。 
1)准备openresty依赖: 
Java代码 收藏代码 
apt-get install libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev libpcre3-dev libssl-dev perl make build-essential 
# 或者 
yum install readline-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel gcc

2)安装编译openresty: 
Java代码 收藏代码 
#1:安装openresty: 
cd /opt/nginx/ # 安装文件所在目录 
wget https://openresty.org/download/openresty-1.9.7.4.tar.gz 
tar -xzf openresty-1.9.7.4.tar.gz /opt/nginx/

#配置: 
# 指定目录为/opt/openresty,默认在/usr/local。 
./configure –prefix=/opt/openresty \ 
–with-luajit \ 
–without-http_redis2_module \ 
–with-http_iconv_module 
make 
make install

3)安装lua-resty-kafka

Java代码 收藏代码 
#下载lua-resty-kafka: 
wget https://github.com/doujiang24/lua-resty-kafka/archive/master.zip 
unzip lua-resty-kafka-master.zip -d /opt/nginx/

#拷贝lua-resty-kafka到openresty 
mkdir /opt/openresty/lualib/kafka 
cp -rf /opt/nginx/lua-resty-kafka-master/lib/resty /opt/openresty/lualib/kafka/

4):安装单机kafka 
Java代码 收藏代码 
cd /opt/nginx/ 
wget http://apache.fayea.com/kafka/0.9.0.1/kafka_2.10-0.9.0.1.tgz 
tar xvf kafka_2.10-0.9.0.1.tgz

# 开启单机zookeeper 
nohup sh bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/zookeeper.properties > ./zk.log 2>&1 & 
**# 绑定broker ip,必须绑定 
**#在config/servier.properties下修改host.name 
host.name={your_server_ip} 
# 启动kafka服务 
nohup sh bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties > ./server.log 2>&1 & 
# 创建测试topic 
sh bin/kafka-topics.sh –zookeeper localhost:2181 –create –topic test1 –partitions 1 –replication-factor 1

五:配置运行

开发编辑/opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 实现kafka记录nginx日志功能,源码如下: 
Java代码 收藏代码 
worker_processes 12;

events { 
use epoll; 
worker_connections 65535; 
}

http { 
include mime.types; 
default_type application/octet-stream; 
sendfile on; 
keepalive_timeout 0; 
gzip on; 
gzip_min_length 1k; 
gzip_buffers 4 8k; 
gzip_http_version 1.1; 
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/X-JSON; 
charset UTF-8; 
# 配置后端代理服务 
upstream rc{ 
server 10.10.*.15:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; 
server 10.10.*.16:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; 
server 10.16.*.54:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; 
server 10.16.*.55:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; 
server 10.10.*.113:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; 
server 10.10.*.137:8080 weight=6 max_fails=3; 
server 10.10.*.138:8080 weight=6 max_fails=3; 
server 10.10.*.33:8080 weight=4 max_fails=3; 
# 最大长连数 
keepalive 32; 

# 配置lua依赖库地址 
lua_package_path “/opt/openresty/lualib/kafka/?.lua;;”;

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location /favicon.ico {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location / {
proxy_connect_timeout 8;
proxy_send_timeout 8;
proxy_read_timeout 8;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 512 8k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 8k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
proxy_next_upstream http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://rc;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Connection "";
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
# 使用log_by_lua 包含lua代码,因为log_by_lua指令运行在请求最后且不影响proxy_pass机制
log_by_lua '
-- 引入lua所有api
local cjson = require "cjson"
local producer = require "resty.kafka.producer"
-- 定义kafka broker地址,ip需要和kafka的host.name配置一致
local broker_list = {
{ host = "10.10.78.52", port = 9092 },
}
-- 定义json便于日志数据整理收集
local log_json = {}
log_json["uri"]=ngx.var.uri
log_json["args"]=ngx.var.args
log_json["host"]=ngx.var.host
log_json["request_body"]=ngx.var.request_body
log_json["remote_addr"] = ngx.var.remote_addr
log_json["remote_user"] = ngx.var.remote_user
log_json["time_local"] = ngx.var.time_local
log_json["status"] = ngx.var.status
log_json["body_bytes_sent"] = ngx.var.body_bytes_sent
log_json["http_referer"] = ngx.var.http_referer
log_json["http_user_agent"] = ngx.var.http_user_agent
log_json["http_x_forwarded_for"] = ngx.var.http_x_forwarded_for
log_json["upstream_response_time"] = ngx.var.upstream_response_time
log_json["request_time"] = ngx.var.request_time
-- 转换json为字符串
local message = cjson.encode(log_json);
-- 定义kafka异步生产者
local bp = producer:new(broker_list, { producer_type = "async" })
-- 发送日志消息,send第二个参数key,用于kafka路由控制:
-- key为nill(空)时,一段时间向同一partition写入数据
-- 指定key,按照key的hash写入到对应的partition
local ok, err = bp:send("test1", nil, message) if not ok then
ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "kafka send err:", err)
return
end
';
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}

}

六:检测&运行

Java代码 收藏代码 
检测配置,只检测nginx配置是否正确,lua错误日志在nginx的error.log文件中 
./nginx -t /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
# 启动 
./nginx -c /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
# 重启 
./nginx -s reload

七:测试

1:使用任意http请求发送给当前nginx,如: 
引用

http://10.10.78.52/m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com&page=2&size=10

2:查看upstream代理是否工作正常 
3:查看kafka 日志对应的topic是否产生消息日志,如下: 
引用

# 从头消费topic数据命令 
sh kafka-console-consumer.sh –zookeeper 10.10.78.52:2181 –topic test1 –from-beginning

效果监测: 
OpenResty + Lua + Kafka 实现日志收集系统以及部署过程中遇到的坑
4:ab压力测试 
引用

#单nginx+upstream测试: 
ab -n 10000 -c 100 -k http://10.10.34.15/m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com&page=2&size=10

#结果 
Server Software: nginx 
Server Hostname: 10.10.34.15 
Server Port: 80 
Document Path: /m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com 
Document Length: 13810 bytes 
Concurrency Level: 100 
Time taken for tests: 2.148996 seconds 
Complete requests: 10000 
Failed requests: 9982 
(Connect: 0, Length: 9982, Exceptions: 0) 
Write errors: 0 
Keep-Alive requests: 0 
Total transferred: 227090611 bytes 
HTML transferred: 225500642 bytes 
Requests per second: 4653.34 [#/sec] (mean) 
Time per request: 21.490 [ms] (mean) 
Time per request: 0.215 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) 
Transfer rate: 103196.10 [Kbytes/sec] received 
Connection Times (ms) 
min mean[+/-sd] median max 
Connect: 0 0 0.1 0 2 
Processing: 5 20 23.6 16 701 
Waiting: 4 17 20.8 13 686 
Total: 5 20 23.6 16 701 
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 
50% 16 
66% 20 
75% 22 
80% 25 
90% 33 
95% 41 
98% 48 
99% 69 
100% 701 (longest request)

引用

#单nginx+upstream+log_lua_kafka接入测试: 
ab -n 10000 -c 100 -k http://10.10.78.52/m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com&page=2&size=10

#结果 
Server Software: openresty/1.9.7.4 
Server Hostname: 10.10.78.52 
Server Port: 80 
Document Path: /m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com 
Document Length: 34396 bytes 
Concurrency Level: 100 
Time taken for tests: 2.234785 seconds 
Complete requests: 10000 
Failed requests: 9981 
(Connect: 0, Length: 9981, Exceptions: 0) 
Write errors: 0 
Keep-Alive requests: 0 
Total transferred: 229781343 bytes 
HTML transferred: 228071374 bytes 
Requests per second: 4474.70 [#/sec] (mean) 
Time per request: 22.348 [ms] (mean) 
Time per request: 0.223 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) 
Transfer rate: 100410.10 [Kbytes/sec] received 
Connection Times (ms) 
min mean[+/-sd] median max 
Connect: 0 0 0.2 0 3 
Processing: 6 20 27.6 17 1504 
Waiting: 5 15 12.0 14 237 
Total: 6 20 27.6 17 1504 
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 
50% 17 
66% 19 
75% 21 
80% 23 
90% 28 
95% 34 
98% 46 
99% 67 
100% 1004 (longest request)

********************* 最重要的模块 **************************

nginx配置文件配置如下:

#user  nobody;
worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events {
worker_connections 1024;
} http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; upstream myServer {
server 192.168.0.109:8080 weight=1;
} lua_package_path "/opt/openresty/lualib/kafka/?.lua;;";
lua_need_request_body on; server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location /test1 {
# 请求转向自定义的服务器列表
proxy_pass http://myServer;
} location /test2 { # 使用log_by_lua 包含lua代码,因为log_by_lua指令运行在请求最后且不影响proxy_pass机制
log_by_lua '
-- 引入lua所有api
local topic = "test"
local cjson = require "cjson"
local producer = require "resty.kafka.producer"
-- 定义kafka broker地址,ip需要和kafka的host.name配置一致
local broker_list = {
{ host = "192.168.0.109", port = 9092 },
{ host = "192.168.0.110", port = 9092 },
{ host = "192.168.0.101", port = 9092 }
}
-- 定义json便于日志数据整理收集
local log_json = {}
log_json["uri"]=ngx.var.uri
log_json["args"]=ngx.req.get_uri_args()
log_json["host"]=ngx.var.host
log_json["request_body"]=ngx.var.request_body
log_json["remote_addr"] = ngx.var.remote_addr
log_json["remote_user"] = ngx.var.remote_user
log_json["time_local"] = ngx.var.time_local
log_json["status"] = ngx.var.status
log_json["body_bytes_sent"] = ngx.var.body_bytes_sent
log_json["http_referer"] = ngx.var.http_referer
log_json["http_user_agent"] = ngx.var.http_user_agent
log_json["http_x_forwarded_for"] = ngx.var.http_x_forwarded_for
log_json["upstream_response_time"] = ngx.var.upstream_response_time
log_json["request_time"] = ngx.var.request_time
-- 转换json为字符串
local message = cjson.encode(ngx.req.get_uri_args());
-- 定义kafka异步生产者
local bp = producer:new(broker_list, { producer_type = "async" })
-- 发送日志消息,send第二个参数key,用于kafka路由控制:
-- key为nill(空)时,一段时间向同一partition写入数据
-- 指定key,按照key的hash写入到对应的partition
local ok, err = bp:send(topic, nil, message) if not ok then
ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "kafka send err:", err)
return
end
';
} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
} # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#} # HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#} }

********************* 遇到的坑 **************************

问题概述:

  利用server1服务器上的openresty nginx的lua脚本往server5中kafka写数据,发现报错 无法解析主机(no resolver defined to resolve "xxxxx"),xxxxx是某台机器的域名,再后来,经过一天的摸索,发现了问题。

问题原因:

  最终发现,原来是openResty不会去解析 host 映射,因为kafka客户端用IP连接后会请求broker,然后去到zookeeper拿到broker集群信息(地址记录是 kafka236:1111),这时候lua消费者拿到的是 kafka236 的IP,

但是又不会通过 host去解析,就会报错无法解析主机的问题。

解决方案
     如果存在路由器DNS解析服务,直接在DNS配置个域名解析,再nginx配置里面指向这个DNS服务器即可(没有的话需要自己搭建DNS服务)

nginx.conf配置:

OpenResty + Lua + Kafka 实现日志收集系统以及部署过程中遇到的坑

DNS配置:

OpenResty + Lua + Kafka 实现日志收集系统以及部署过程中遇到的坑

备注说明:
    1、如果kafka服务端配置成IP或者域名,在kafka服务端的本机kafka客户端是无法用localhost连接的(除非服务端也用localhost)

2、如果kafka服务端Listen配置成IP,那么在zookeeper记录的是IP地址

如果kafka服务端Listen配置成域名,那么在zookeeper记录的是域名

如果kafka服务端有advertised.listeners配置成域名,那么zookeeper会记录成域名,不管Listen配置成什么

后来发现
       低版本的 openresty-1.7.10.2 , 在kafka中配置域名或者IP,都可以访问

高版本的 openresty-1.13.6.2  ,  在kafka中配置域名无法访问,只能是IP,配置resolver也不行。

--------------------------------------------------

福利推荐:

本人因为毕业答辩以及工作上各种答辩,平时积累了不少精品PPT。现在共享给大家,大大小小加起来有几千套,总有适合你的一款,

很多是网上是下载不到,为了失效,我把连接设置成了关键词获取,关注后回复 精品收藏PPT 可以收到云盘的链接 ,

微信关注 精品3分钟 ,id为 jingpin3mins,整理这些资源很不容易,希望领取的小伙伴转发+点好看,谢谢大家支持啦!

OpenResty + Lua + Kafka 实现日志收集系统以及部署过程中遇到的坑

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