刚学了动态监听、静态监听、非标准监听、共享服务器模式、专用服务器模式，赶紧写下来，免得忘了。顺便把自己怎么配置plsql developer的说说。
先讲一小故事。有一天你要去贾府找贾宝玉请教怎么去追林妹妹。要达到这个目的，要分几步实施呢？首先要找到贾府大门，告诉门卫你要找贾宝玉，门卫肯定知道贾府里住这个不学无术、好吃懒做的少爷叫贾宝玉。这时候他会做什么事情呢？假设贾府克隆人技术非常发达，可以随时克隆出一个贾宝玉。第一种情况，贾府待人非常热情，知道你要找贾宝玉，就立马克隆出一个贾宝玉招待你，全程为你服务，你走了就把这个克隆贾宝玉杀掉。第二种情况，克隆人也要花费时间金钱啊，贾府一共就克隆出了3个贾宝玉，不可能一直陪着哪一个客人。为了解决这一问题，贾府就找来了几个小厮，代替贾宝玉接待你，你要有什么问题，就由小厮转达给里面的三贾宝玉。然后三个贾宝玉那个有空那个回答，然后再由小厮把结果传达给你。
这里的贾府大门就相当于oracle的监听器。
贾宝玉就一服务进程，专门来满足你要求的。
几个小厮就是dispatcher，用来转达你要求的，可能同时接待多个客人。
如果你一进贾府就由一个贾宝玉来为你服务，那就是专有服务器模式。
如果你的命令还需要小厮转达，那就是共享服务器模式。
如果贾府没有大门的话，会出现什么情况呢？肯定任何人都找不到贾宝玉了。同理，要让你的oracle为其他人服务，监听是必不可少的。这里还有种情况，如果你和贾宝玉聊的正欢呢，贾府突然把大门关上了，素不接待其他客人，那你还能不能继续和贾宝玉聊天呢？答案是肯定的，你已经找到贾宝玉了，还管他大门开不开干什么。下面具体讲解静态监听，动态监听，非标准端口监听配置。
1.静态监听：
oracle监听文件默认存放位置是$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin下面。名字当然就是listener.ora了。
静态监听包括俩东西，第一块定义这个监听用的什么协议，主机是谁，监控那个端口。第二快定义这个监听的服务对象，服务对象是固定死的，所以叫做静态监听。
jiabaoyu=
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mypc)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_jiabaoyu =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
)
)
jiabaoyu是我的监听名字，随便起，只是一个标识。默认是LISTENER,但是这个名字要和SID_LIST_后面的东西一致，这就表示他俩是一对。贾宝玉这个监听，占用一个mypc的1521端口，你这就是贾府大门了。所谓标准监听就是端口号为1521的监听。
那这个监听定义好了，怎么启动呢？
oracle给我们提供了一个命令lsnrctl。
在命令行输入lsnrctl进入
lsnrctl>
键入help可以查看它支持的所有命令，最常用的就三个，start [监听名字],stop [监听名字],stat
监听名字可以省略，代表start LISTENER 或者stop LISTENER.
要启动我们自己定义的jiabaoyu监听，可以用一下命令
LSNRCTL> start jiabaoyu
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/jiabaoyu.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mypc)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias jiabaoyu
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-FEB-2015 10:35:35
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/jiabaoyu.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mypc)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
一大堆东西，其中如果你看到UNKNOWN，就代表这一监听是静态监听，这是判断静态监听还是动态监听的一种办法，还能真么判断呢？查看listener.ora文件，如果[监听名 ]和
SID_LIST_[监听名]是成对出现的，这代表是静态监听。
2.动态监听
很简单，只保留[监听名 ],把SID_LIST_[监听名]去掉，监听就变成动态坚挺了。他需要由oracle数据库的pmon主动想监听注册，然后这个监听才知道有这么一个服务。一般一分钟pmon就会主动向监听发起注册，当然也可以强制立即注册。命令是：
sql>alter system register
退出后用lsnrctl stat查看状态出现下列信息：
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-FEB-2015 10:42:43
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias jiabaoyu
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-FEB-2015 10:42:12
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 30 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/jiabaoyu.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mypc)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
其中READY就代表动态监听，当然也可以去查看listener.ora文件
3.非标准监听
这里只配置一动态非标准监听。在listener.ora加入下列内容：
jiabaoyu2=
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mypc)(PORT = 1522))
)
)
配置贾宝玉二号监听器，它的端口是1522。oracle的 pmon只认识1521端口的监听，怎么才能让他认识1522的监听呢？
我们得告诉oracle数据库，监听所在的位置，大家都知道，一个ip一个端口号就能唯一确认一个应用程序地址了。
我知道的两种告诉oracle 数据库非标准监听位置的办法：（其实原理一样，要是还有其他办法，估计原理也差不多）
方法一：
sql> alter system set local_listener='mypc:1522';--mypc是我的主机名，1522 使我们配置的端口号
sql>alter system register;
lsnrctl>stat
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias jiabaoyu2
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-FEB-2015 10:48:41
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 23 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/jiabaoyu2.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mypc)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
我们看到监听已经注册上了。
方法二：
大家都知道域名服务器，是把一个字符串解释成ip地址。oracle同样提供了一个名字转换的服务，叫做啥 tnsnames.ora,也存放在$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin下面。它也是用来吧一个名字解释成一些有用的信息，oracle 遇到不认识的地址，比如www.baidu.com，他就会去$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora查找有没有他的定义，在我的知识范围呢，找不到，oracle服务器就只能报错了，当然好像还有神呢ldap，还有啥啥的，等学到再说。嘎嘎
最简单的办法就是把我们定义的jiabaoyu2直接拷过去，当然了我们可以起个其他名字
我们把
jiabaoyu2=
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mypc)(PORT = 1522))
)
)
改成
www.baidu.com=
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mypc)(PORT = 1522))
)
)
然后添加到tnsnames.ora中，然后运行下列命令
lsnrctl>start jiabaoyu2
sql> alter system set local_listener='www.baidu.com';-----运行时，oracle 服务器会去tnsnames.ora查找，看有没有这玩意，所以要先吧他加入tnsnames.ora
sql>alter system register;
[oracle@mypc admin]$ lsnrctl stat
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-FEB-2015 11:03:07
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias jiabaoyu2
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-FEB-2015 11:02:10
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 57 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/jiabaoyu2.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mypc)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
注册成功。哈哈 ，到此静态监听、动态监听、非标准监听配置完毕。
共享服务器，专用服务器下篇日志再说。