1.参照官网，安装docker
2.拉取mysql镜像（默认拉取最新的镜像）8.0.11
dockerpullmysql
3.在宿主机创建持久化mysqldata及mysql.cnf
mkdir/usr/local/mysqlData/test/cnf mkdir/usr/local/mysqlData/test/data vi/usr/loal/mysqlData/test/cnf/mysql.cnf
设置本地文件共享：
Docker->Preferences...->FileSharing
4.添加操作权限
chmod777/usr/local/mysqlData/test/data 备注：挂载时权限验证（操作权限）
5.运行镜像，设置初始密码、本机与docker端口的映射与挂载本地数据盘(启动msyql服务)
dockerrun-itd-p3307:3306--nametest_mysql-v/usr/local/mysqlData/test/conf:/etc/mysql -v/usr/local/mysqlData/test/data:/var/lib/mysql-eMYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456mysql
运行结果：
6.进入test_mysql容器
Dockerexec-ittest_mysqlbash
如图：
7.在容器内登录mysql
8.查看用户信息
mysql>selectuser,host,authentication_stringfrommysql.user; +------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |user|host|authentication_string| +------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |root|%|$A$005$7o{'|'AomAw(QvF#.p5wLtCnrG6yX6XQdDVQivGr96POVL.gKnhIAhUhl3.| |mysql.infoschema|localhost|*THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE| |mysql.session|localhost|*THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE| |mysql.sys|localhost|*THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE| |root|localhost|$A$005$0.-%i)H{uYi@zFo7uYF82fYw7DsA93vYLr4uZv6I1tSKao0sbzzcDap3| +------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 5rowsinset(0.00sec)
9.设置权限（为root分配权限，以便可以远程连接）
mysql>grantallPRIVILEGESon*.*toroot@'%'WITHGRANTOPTION; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.01sec)
10.由于Mysql5.6以上的版本修改了Password算法，这里需要更新密码算法，便于使用Navicat连接
mysql>grantallPRIVILEGESon*.*toroot@'%'WITHGRANTOPTION; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.01sec) mysql>ALTERuser'root'@'%'IDENTIFIEDBY'123456'PASSWORDEXPIRENEVER; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.11sec) mysql>ALTERuser'root'@'%'IDENTIFIEDWITHmysql_native_passwordBY'123456'; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.11sec) mysql>FLUSHPRIVILEGES; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.01sec)
11.使用navicat连接mysql,如图：
12.建库、建表、加数据
查看挂载本地数据盘的内容：
13.测试将容器移除后，数据是否仍然存在
dockerrm-ftest_msyql
容器已经移除了。重新部署test_mysql,参照第5的步骤，进入新容器，访问数据库：
xushijiandeiMac:dataxushijian$dockerrun-itd-p3307:3306--nametest_mysql-v/usr/local/mysqlData/test/conf:/etc/mysql-v/usr/local/mysqlData/test/data:/var/lib/mysql-eMYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456mysql 65b7a60050aaef5765ed055acfd071c7c76f60e85dc25d0e73e0d56eae14aed1 xushijiandeiMac:dataxushijian$dockerexec-ittest_mysqlbash root@65b7a60050aa:/#mysql-uroot-p Enterpassword: WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g. YourMySQLconnectionidis8 Serverversion:8.0.11MySQLCommunityServer-GPL Copyright(c)2000,2018,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved. OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective owners. Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement. mysql>showdatabases; +--------------------+ |Database| +--------------------+ |information_schema| |mysql| |performance_schema| |sys| |test| +--------------------+ 5rowsinset(0.01sec) mysql>usetest; Readingtableinformationforcompletionoftableandcolumnnames Youcanturnoffthisfeaturetogetaquickerstartupwith-A Databasechanged mysql>select*fromuser_user; +---------+-----------+-------------+--------+ |user_id|user_name|phone|note| +---------+-----------+-------------+--------+ |1|没长正|13980000000|测试| +---------+-----------+-------------+--------+ 1rowinset(0.06sec)
发现数据仍然可以使用，不需要额外的配置，实现了数据的持久化。
阿里云上docker部署MySQL(通过编排模板部署)
<1.配置同第3步类似（只是目录变化）
master: image:'mysql:latest' environment: -MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 ports: -'3307:3306/tcp' volumes: -'/usr/local/mysqlData/master/conf:/etc/mysql:rw' -'/usr/local/mysqlData/master/data:/var/lib/mysql:rw' labels: aliyun.scale:'1'
<2.如下图,已部署完成
[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1~]#clear [root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1~]#dockerps CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 8597b7539a3amysql:latest"docker-entrypoint..."3minutesagoUp3minutes0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcpmysql_master_1
<3.进入容器，进行权限设置，后续过程参照本机
[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1/]#dockerexec-itmysql_master_1bash root@2fc0bbf48941-mysql-master-1:/#mysql-uroot-p Enterpassword: WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g. YourMySQLconnectionidis8 Serverversion:8.0.11MySQLCommunityServer-GPL Copyright(c)2000,2018,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved. OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective owners. Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement. mysql>
<4.开放3307端口，使得外网可以访问
云服务器ECS->安全组->选择所在的地区->配置规则->添加安全组
添加安全组，如图：
5.外网访问，如下图
已连接成功。
主从环境搭建：
主库：
[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1~]#dockerexec-itmysql_master_1bash root@2fc0bbf48941-mysql-master-1:/#mysql-uroot-p Enterpassword: WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g. YourMySQLconnectionidis9 Serverversion:8.0.11MySQLCommunityServer-GPL Copyright(c)2000,2018,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved. OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective owners. Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement. mysql>showdatabases; +--------------------+ |Database| +--------------------+ |information_schema| |mysql| |performance_schema| |sys| +--------------------+ 4rowsinset(0.30sec) mysql>createdatabasetest; QueryOK,1rowaffected(0.12sec) mysql>showdatabase; ERROR1064(42000):YouhaveanerrorinyourSQLsyntax;checkthemanualthatcorrespondstoyourMySQLserverversionfortherightsyntaxtousenear'database'atline1 mysql>showdatabases; +--------------------+ |Database| +--------------------+ |information_schema| |mysql| |performance_schema| |sys| |test| +--------------------+ 5rowsinset(0.00sec)
从库：
[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1~]#dockerexec-itmysql-slave_slave_1bash root@c8661e16e3fd-mysql-slave-slave-1:/#mysql-uroot-p Enterpassword: WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g. YourMySQLconnectionidis10 Serverversion:8.0.11MySQLCommunityServer-GPL Copyright(c)2000,2018,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved. OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective owners. Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement. mysql>showdatabases; +--------------------+ |Database| +--------------------+ |information_schema| |mysql| |performance_schema| |sys| +--------------------+ 4rowsinset(0.40sec) mysql>showslavestatus\G ***************************1.row*************************** Slave_IO_State:Waitingformastertosendevent主从配置成功！ Master_Host:47.94.225.124 Master_User:rep Master_Port:3307 Connect_Retry:60 Master_Log_File:binlog.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos:155 Relay_Log_File:c8661e16e3fd-mysql-slave-slave-1-relay-bin.000004 Relay_Log_Pos:363 Relay_Master_Log_File:binlog.000003 Slave_IO_Running:Yes Slave_SQL_Running:Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno:0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter:0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos:155 Relay_Log_Space:762 Until_Condition:None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos:0 Master_SSL_Allowed:No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master:0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert:No Last_IO_Errno:0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno:0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id:1 Master_UUID:a482f5fe-80fb-11e8-9fb1-0242ac12020c Master_Info_File:mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay:0 SQL_Remaining_Delay:NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State:Slavehasreadallrelaylog;waitingformoreupdates Master_Retry_Count:86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position:0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: Master_public_key_path: Get_master_public_key:0 1rowinset(0.00sec) mysql>showdatabases; +--------------------+ |Database| +--------------------+ |information_schema| |mysql| |performance_schema| |sys| +--------------------+ 4rowsinset(1.01sec) mysql>showdatabase; ERROR1064(42000):YouhaveanerrorinyourSQLsyntax;checkthemanualthatcorrespondstoyourMySQLserverversionfortherightsyntaxtousenear'database'atline1 mysql>showdatabases; +--------------------+ |Database| +--------------------+ |information_schema| |mysql| |performance_schema| |sys| |test| +--------------------+ 5rowsinset(0.00sec)
主从库原理分析：
i/o线程去请求主库的binlog，并将得到的binlog日志写到relaylog（中继日志）文件中；主库会生成一个logdump线程，用来给从库i/o线程传binlog；
SQL线程，会读取relaylog文件中的日志，并解析成具体操作，来实现主从的操作一致，而最终数据一致；
即：从库IO线程请求->中继日志->获取binlog->从库SQL线程，解析
参考：
https://docs.docker.com/ docker 官网文档
https://blog.csdn.net/gf0515/article/details/80466213 Mac Navicat连接Docker MySql8.0
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28804275/article/details/80891951 主从环境搭建
docker mysql Dockerfile mysql 开源镜像Dockerfile及配置
https://www.cnblogs.com/Aiapple/p/5792939.html 主从复制原理、高可用分析
http://www.cnblogs.com/Aiapple/p/5793786.html 实战
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xsj34567/article/details/80940238