python 实现socket服务端并发的四种方式

时间:2022-01-28 22:13:20

多进程&多线程

服务端:多进程和多线程的开启方式相同。

缺点:<1> 由于Cpython的GIL,导致同一时间无法运行多个线程;<2> 不可能无限开进进程或线程

解决办法:多进程、concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor、线程池

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import socket
from multiprocessing import Process
from threading import Thread
 
 
class MyTcpServer:
  def __init__(self, ip, port):
    self.ip = ip
    self.port = port
    self.server = socket.socket()
    self.server.bind((self.ip, self.port))
    self.server.listen(5)
 
  def wait_accept(self):
    conn, addr = self.server.accept()
    return conn, addr
 
  def handle_request(self, conn):
    while 1:
      try:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        if not data: break
        conn.send(data.upper())
      except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        break
    conn.close()
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
  server = MyTcpServer('127.0.0.1', 8888)
  while 1:
    conn, addr = server.wait_accept()
    p = Process(target=server.handle_request, args=(conn, ))    # 创建一个进程
    p.start()   # 告诉操作提供,开启这个进程

进程池&线程池

异步提交任务,支持异步接收返回结果(submit返回一个futures对象,调用add_done_callback方法)

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import socket
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
# from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 
 
class MyTcpServer:
  def __init__(self, ip, port):
    self.ip = ip
    self.port = port
    self.server = socket.socket()
    self.server.bind((self.ip, self.port))
    self.server.listen(5)
 
  def wait_accept(self):
    conn, addr = self.server.accept()
    return conn, addr
 
  def handle_request(self, conn):
    while 1:
      try:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        if not data: break
        conn.send(data.upper())
      except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        break
    conn.close()
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
  server = MyTcpServer('127.0.0.1', 8888)
  pool = ProcessPoolExecutor(5)    # 5个进程一直服务
 
  while 1:
    conn, addr = server.wait_accept()
    pool.submit(server.handle_request, conn)    # 异步提交任务

socketserver

优点:简化socket服务端创建流程。
提供服务端串行和并发两种服务模式(TCPServer,ThreadingTCPServer)
缺点:windows上无法使用多进程实现并发

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import socketserver
 
 
class MyTcpHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
  def handle(self):     # 通信循环
    while 1:
      try:
        data = self.request.recv(1024)
        if not data: break
        self.request.send(data.upper())
      except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        break
    self.request.close()
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
  ip_port = '127.0.0.1', 8888
  server = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(ip_port, MyTcpHandler) # 异步处理
  server.serve_forever()        # 连接循环

协程

优点:单线程内实现并发,代码级别模拟IO切换,提高程序运行效率

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from gevent import spawn, monkey;monkey.patch_all()     # 猴子补丁,补丁:常规IO
import socket
 
 
class MyTcpServer:
  def __init__(self, ip, port, my_spawn):
    self.ip = ip
    self.port = port
    self.server = socket.socket()
    self.server.bind((self.ip, self.port))
    self.server.listen(5)
    self.spawn = my_spawn       # 保存spawn本地
 
  def wait_accept(self):
    while 1:
      conn, addr = self.server.accept()
      self.spawn(self.handle_request, conn) # 检测 handle_request的io
 
  def handle_request(self, conn):
    while 1:
      try:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        if not data: break
        conn.send(data.upper())
      except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        break
    conn.close()
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
  server = MyTcpServer('127.0.0.1', 8888, spawn)
  g1 = server.spawn(server.wait_accept) # 检测wait_accept的io
  g1.join() # 等待g1运行结束,即一直在循环检测io

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原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/the3times/p/12821579.html