本文实例讲述了YII Framework框架使用YIIC快速创建YII应用之migrate用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
yii migrate
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/*
/www/yii_dev/yii/framework# php yiic migrate help
Error: Unknown action: help
USAGE
yiic migrate [action] [parameter]
DESCRIPTION
This command provides support for database migrations. The optional
'action' parameter specifies which specific migration task to perform.
It can take these values: up, down, to, create, history, new, mark.
If the 'action' parameter is not given, it defaults to 'up'.
Each action takes different parameters. Their usage can be found in
the following examples.
EXAMPLES
* yiic migrate
Applies ALL new migrations. This is equivalent to 'yiic migrate to'.
* yiic migrate create create_user_table
Creates a new migration named 'create_user_table'.
* yiic migrate up 3
Applies the next 3 new migrations.
* yiic migrate down
Reverts the last applied migration.
* yiic migrate down 3
Reverts the last 3 applied migrations.
* yiic migrate to 101129_185401
Migrates up or down to version 101129_185401.
* yiic migrate mark 101129_185401
Modifies the migration history up or down to version 101129_185401.
No actual migration will be performed.
* yiic migrate history
Shows all previously applied migration information.
* yiic migrate history 10
Shows the last 10 applied migrations.
* yiic migrate new
Shows all new migrations.
* yiic migrate new 10
Shows the next 10 migrations that have not been applied.
*/
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在我们开发程序的过程中，数据库的结构也是不断调整的。我们的开发中要保证代码和数据库库的同步。因为我们的应用离不开数据库。例如: 在开发过程中，我们经常需要增加一个新的表，或者我们后期投入运营的产品，可能需要为某一列添加索引。我们必须保持数据结构和代码的一致性。如果代码和数据库不同步，可能整个系统将无法正常运行。出于这个原因。yii提供了一个数据库迁移工具，可以保持代码和数据库是同步。方便数据库的回滚和更新。
功能正如描述。主要提供了数据库迁移功能。
命令格式
yiic migrate [action] [parameter]
action参数用来制定执行哪一个迁移任务。可以一使用
up, down, to, create, history, new, mark.这些命令
如果没有action参数，默认为up
parameter根据action的不同而有所变化。
上述例子中给出了说明。
官方也给出了详细的例子。
http://www.yiiframework.com/doc/guide/1.1/zh_cn/database.migration#creating-migrations
这里不再详细累述。用到的时候参考使用就可以了。
补充：yii2.0使用migrate创建后台登陆
重新创建一张数据表来完成后台登陆验证
为了大家看得明白，直接贴代码
一、使用Migration创建表admin
console\migrations\m130524_201442_init.php
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use yii\db\Schema;
use yii\db\Migration;
class m130524_201442_init extends Migration
{
const TBL_NAME = '{{%admin}}';
public function safeUp()
{
$tableOptions = null;
if ($this->db->driverName === 'mysql') {
// http://*.com/questions/766809/whats-the-difference-between-utf8-general-ci-and-utf8-unicode-ci
$tableOptions = 'CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ENGINE=InnoDB';
}
$this->createTable(self::TBL_NAME, [
'id' => Schema::TYPE_PK,
'username' => Schema::TYPE_STRING . ' NOT NULL',
'auth_key' => Schema::TYPE_STRING . '(32) NOT NULL',
'password_hash' => Schema::TYPE_STRING . ' NOT NULL', //密码
'password_reset_token' => Schema::TYPE_STRING,
'email' => Schema::TYPE_STRING . ' NOT NULL',
'role' => Schema::TYPE_SMALLINT . ' NOT NULL DEFAULT 10',
'status' => Schema::TYPE_SMALLINT . ' NOT NULL DEFAULT 10',
'created_at' => Schema::TYPE_INTEGER . ' NOT NULL',
'updated_at' => Schema::TYPE_INTEGER . ' NOT NULL',
], $tableOptions);
$this->createIndex('username', self::TBL_NAME, ['username'],true);
$this->createIndex('email', self::TBL_NAME, ['email'],true);
}
public function safeDown()
{
$this->dropTable(self::TBL_NAME);
}
}
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使用命令行来创建admin数据库
1、win7下使用命令：
在项目根目下，右键选择User composer here(前提是安装了全局的composer)，
yii migrate
即创建数据表 admin成功
2、linux下命令一样（此处略）
二、使用gii创建模型
此处略，很简单的步聚。
注：把admin模型创在 backend/models下面 （放哪里看个人喜好）
代码如下
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namespace backend\models;
use Yii;
use yii\base\NotSupportedException;
use yii\behaviors\TimestampBehavior;
use yii\db\ActiveRecord;
use yii\web\IdentityInterface;
/**
* This is the model class for table "{{%admin}}".
*
* @property integer $id
* @property string $username
* @property string $auth_key
* @property string $password_hash
* @property string $password_reset_token
* @property string $email
* @property integer $role
* @property integer $status
* @property integer $created_at
* @property integer $updated_at
*/
class AgAdmin extends ActiveRecord implements IdentityInterface
{
const STATUS_DELETED = 0;
const STATUS_ACTIVE = 10;
const ROLE_USER = 10;
const AUTH_KEY = '123456';
/**
* @inheritdoc
*/
public static function tableName()
{
return '{{%admin}}';
}
/**
* @inheritdoc
*/
public function behaviors()
{
return [
TimestampBehavior::className(),
];
}
/**
* @inheritdoc
*/
public function rules()
{
return [
[['username', 'email',], 'required'],
[['username', 'email'], 'string', 'max' => 255],
[['username'], 'unique'],
[['username'], 'match', 'pattern'=>'/^[a-z]\w*$/i'],
[['email'], 'unique'],
[['email'], 'email'],
['status', 'default', 'value' => self::STATUS_ACTIVE],
['status', 'in', 'range' => [self::STATUS_ACTIVE, self::STATUS_DELETED]],
['role', 'default', 'value' => self::ROLE_USER],
['auth_key', 'default', 'value' => self::AUTH_KEY],
['role', 'in', 'range' => [self::ROLE_USER]],
];
}
/**
* @inheritdoc
*/
public static function findIdentity($id)
{
return static::findOne(['id' => $id, 'status' => self::STATUS_ACTIVE]);
}
/**
* @inheritdoc
*/
public static function findIdentityByAccessToken($token, $type = null)
{
return static::findOne(['access_token' => $token]);
//throw new NotSupportedException('"findIdentityByAccessToken" is not implemented.');
}
/**
* Finds user by username
*
* @param string $username
* @return static|null
*/
public static function findByUsername($username)
{
return static::findOne(['username' => $username, 'status' => self::STATUS_ACTIVE]);
}
/**
* Finds user by password reset token
*
* @param string $token password reset token
* @return static|null
*/
public static function findByPasswordResetToken($token)
{
if (!static::isPasswordResetTokenValid($token)) {
return null;
}
return static::findOne([
'password_reset_token' => $token,
'status' => self::STATUS_ACTIVE,
]);
}
/**
* Finds out if password reset token is valid
*
* @param string $token password reset token
* @return boolean
*/
public static function isPasswordResetTokenValid($token)
{
if (empty($token)) {
return false;
}
$expire = Yii::$app->params['user.passwordResetTokenExpire'];
$parts = explode('_', $token);
$timestamp = (int) end($parts);
return $timestamp + $expire >= time();
}
/**
* @inheritdoc
*/
public function getId()
{
return $this->getPrimaryKey();
}
/**
* @inheritdoc
*/
public function getAuthKey()
{
return $this->auth_key;
}
/**
* @inheritdoc
*/
public function validateAuthKey($authKey)
{
return $this->getAuthKey() === $authKey;
}
/**
* Validates password
*
* @param string $password password to validate
* @return boolean if password provided is valid for current user
*/
public function validatePassword($password)
{
return Yii::$app->security->validatePassword($password, $this->password_hash);
}
/**
* Generates password hash from password and sets it to the model
*
* @param string $password
*/
public function setPassword($password)
{
$this->password_hash = Yii::$app->security->generatePasswordHash($password);
}
/**
* Generates "remember me" authentication key
*/
public function generateAuthKey()
{
$this->auth_key = Yii::$app->security->generateRandomString();
}
/**
* Generates new password reset token
*/
public function generatePasswordResetToken()
{
$this->password_reset_token = Yii::$app->security->generateRandomString() . '_' . time();
}
/**
* Removes password reset token
*/
public function removePasswordResetToken()
{
$this->password_reset_token = null;
}
}
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三、使用migrate 为后如初使化一个登陆帐号
1、console\controllers创建InitController.php
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/**
*
* @author chan <maclechan@qq.com>
*/
namespace console\controllers;
use backend\models\Admin ;
class InitController extends \yii\console\Controller
{
/**
* Create init user
*/
public function actionAdmin()
{
echo "创建一个新用户 ...\n"; // 提示当前操作
$username = $this->prompt('User Name:'); // 接收用户名
$email = $this->prompt('Email:'); // 接收Email
$password = $this->prompt('Password:'); // 接收密码
$model = new AgAdmin(); // 创建一个新用户
$model->username = $username; // 完成赋值
$model->email = $email;
$model->password = $password;
if (!$model->save()) // 保存新的用户
{
foreach ($model->getErrors() as $error) // 如果保存失败，说明有错误，那就输出错误信息。
{
foreach ($error as $e)
{
echo "$e\n";
}
}
return 1; // 命令行返回1表示有异常
}
return 0; // 返回0表示一切OK
}
}
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2、使用命令：
在项目根目下，右键选择User composer here(前提是安装了全局的composer)，
yii init/admin
到此，打开数据表看下，己经有了数据。
四、后台登陆验证
1、backend\controllers\SiteController.php 里actionLogin方法不用变
2、把common\models\LoginForm.php复制到backend\models只要把LoginForm.php里面的方法getUser()修改一个单词即可，如下
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public function getUser()
{
if ($this->_user === false) {
$this->_user = Admin::findByUsername($this->username);
}
return $this->_user;
}
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3、backend\config\main.php 只要修改
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'user' => [
'identityClass' => 'backend\models\Admin',
'enableAutoLogin' => true,
],
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此外，在作修改时，请注意下命令空不要搞乱了。
到此，结束。
希望本文所述对大家基于Yii框架的PHP程序设计有所帮助。