为何使用mockmvc?
对模块进行集成测试时,希望能够通过输入url对controller进行测试,如果通过启动服务器,建立http client进行测试,这样会使得测试变得很麻烦,比如,启动速度慢,测试验证不方便,依赖网络环境等,所以为了可以对controller进行测试,我们引入了mockmvc。
mockmvc实现了对http请求的模拟,能够直接使用网络的形式,转换到controller的调用,这样可以使得测试速度快、不依赖网络环境,而且提供了一套验证的工具,这样可以使得请求的验证统一而且很方便。
mockmvcbuilder
mockmvc是spring测试下的一个非常好用的类,他们的初始化需要在setup中进行。
mockmvcbuilder是用来构造mockmvc的构造器,其主要有两个实现:standalonemockmvcbuilder和defaultmockmvcbuilder,前者继承了后者。
① mockmvcbuilders.webappcontextsetup(webapplicationcontext context):指定webapplicationcontext,将会从该上下文获取相应的控制器并得到相应的mockmvc;
② mockmvcbuilders.standalonesetup(object... controllers):通过参数指定一组控制器,这样就不需要从上下文获取了,比如this.mockmvc = mockmvcbuilders.standalonesetup(this.controller).build();
这些builder还提供了其他api,可以自行百度
1.添加测试依赖
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<project xmlns= "http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation= "http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
<modelversion> 4.0 . 0 </modelversion>
<groupid>top.ytheng</groupid>
<artifactid>springboot-demo</artifactid>
<version> 0.0 . 1 -snapshot</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactid>
<version> 2.0 . 5 .release</version>
<relativepath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceencoding>utf- 8 </project.build.sourceencoding>
<project.reporting.outputencoding>utf- 8 </project.reporting.outputencoding>
<java.version> 1.8 </java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-devtools</artifactid>
<optional> true </optional>
<scope> true </scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactid>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
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2.添加mocmvc测试类
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package top.ytheng.demo;
import org.junit.test;
import org.junit.runner.runwith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.autoconfiguremockmvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.springboottest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.springrunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.mockmvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.mvcresult;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.mockmvcrequestbuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.mockmvcresultmatchers;
//底层用junit springjunit4classrunner
@runwith (springrunner. class )
//启动整个springboot工程
@springboottest (classes= {demoapplication. class })
//鼠标选中springboottestdemo后执行run as -> junit test可以同时执行多个测试
@autoconfiguremockmvc
public class mockmvctestdemo {
@autowired
private mockmvc mockmvc;
@test
public void mocktest() throws exception {
mvcresult mockresult = mockmvc.perform(mockmvcrequestbuilders.get( "/file/testpath" )).
andexpect(mockmvcresultmatchers.status().isok()).andreturn();
int status = mockresult.getresponse().getstatus();
system.out.println(status);
}
}
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3.添加测试控制器
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package top.ytheng.demo.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.responsebody;
@controller
@requestmapping ( "/file" )
public class filecontroller {
@requestmapping ( "/testpath" )
@responsebody
private object testpath() {
return filepath;
}
}
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4.添加启动类
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package top.ytheng.demo;
import org.springframework.boot.springapplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.springbootapplication;
@springbootapplication //等于下面3个
//@springbootconfiguration
//@enableautoconfiguration
//@componentscan
public class demoapplication {
public static void main(string[] args) {
springapplication.run(demoapplication. class , args);
}
}
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5.鼠标选中mockmvctestdemo类名,使用快捷键启动junit测试(shift + alt + x,t),进行测试
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/tianhengblogs/p/9768857.html