mysql文件导入到数据库load data infile into table 的使用例子

时间：2022-04-28 00:33:17

load data infile "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/1.txt"
into table 要一个已经存的表名

字段默认用制表符隔开

文件

我爱你 20 相貌平常
李奎 21 相貌1平常
王二米 210 相貌3平常
老三 24 很强
老四 34 XXXXX

常用如下：

Load Data InFile 'C:/Data.txt' Into Table `TableTest` Lines Terminated By '\r\n';
这个语句，字段默认用制表符隔开，每条记录用换行符隔开，在Windows下换行符为“\r\n”

C:/Data.txt 文件内容如下面两行：
1 A
2 B
“1”和“A”之间有一个制表符
这样就导进两条记录了。

自定义语法
Load Data InFile 'C:/Data.txt' Into Table `TableTest` Fields Terminated By ',' Enclosed By '"' Escaped By '"' Lines Terminated By '\r\n';

Fields Terminated By ',' Enclosed By '"' Escaped By '"'
表示每个字段用逗号分开，内容包含在双引号内

Lines Terminated By '\r\n';
表示每条数据用换行符分开

和 Load Data InFile 相反的是
Select * From `TableTest` Into OutFile 'C:/Data_OutFile.txt';
把表的数据导出

我们的示例文本文件：
"我爱你","20","相貌平常，经常耍流氓！哈哈"
"李奎","21","相貌平常，经常耍流氓！哈哈"
"王二米","20","相貌平常，经常耍流氓！哈哈"
"老三","24","很强"
"老四","34","XXXXX"
"老五","52","***%*￥*￥*￥*￥"
"小猫","45","中间省略。。。"
"小狗","12","就会叫"
"小妹","21","PP的很"
"小坏蛋","52","表里不一"
"上帝他爷","96","非常英俊"
"MM来了","10","。。。"
"歌颂党","20","*好"
"人民好","20","的确是好"
"老高","10","学习很好"
"斜三","60","眼睛斜了"
"中华之子","100","威武的不行了"
"大米","63","我爱吃"
"苹果","15","好吃"
我们的示例表结构：

 CREATE TABLE t0 (
id bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
name char(20) NOT NULL,
age tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL,
description text NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id),
UNIQUE KEY idx_name (name)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 

mysql> load data infile '/tmp/t0.txt' ignore into table t0 character set gbk fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"' lines terminated by '\n' (name,age,description);

可简写方式
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/t0.txt'
            into table  表名
Query OK, 19 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 19 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t0;
+----+----------+-----+----------------------------+
| id | name     | age | description                |
+----+----------+-----+----------------------------+
| 1 | 我爱你   | 20 | 相貌平常，经常耍流氓！哈哈 | 
| 2 | 李奎     | 21 | 相貌平常，经常耍流氓！哈哈 | 
| 3 | 王二米   | 20 | 相貌平常，经常耍流氓！哈哈 | 
| 4 | 老三     | 24 | 很强                       | 
| 5 | 老四     | 34 | XXXXX                      | 
| 6 | 老五     | 52 | ***%*￥*￥*￥*￥           | 
| 7 | 小猫     | 45 | 中间省略。。。             | 
| 8 | 小狗     | 12 | 就会叫                     | 
| 9 | 小妹     | 21 | PP的很                     | 
| 10 | 小坏蛋   | 52 | 表里不一                   | 
| 11 | 上帝他爷 | 96 | 非常英俊                   | 
| 12 | MM来了   | 10 | 。。。                     | 
| 13 | 歌颂党   | 20 | *好                 | 
| 14 | 人民好   | 20 | 的确是好                   | 
| 15 | 老高     | 10 | 学习很好                   | 
| 16 | 斜三     | 60 | 眼睛斜了                   | 
| 17 | 中华之子 | 100 | 威武的不行了               | 
| 18 | 大米     | 63 | 我爱吃                     | 
| 19 | 苹果     | 15 | 好吃                       | 
+----+----------+-----+----------------------------+
19 rows in set (0.00 sec)

我来说明一下相关的参数
关于我的导入语句，我现在直说两个，其他的参考手册。
character set gbk;

这个字符集一定要写，要不然就会乱码或者只导入一部分数据。

ignore into table

因为name 列加了唯一索引，加这个是为了避免重复数据插入报错。

加入我们再次运行这个导入语句就会发现
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 19 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 19 Warnings: 0
没有任何值导入，因为里面已经有了相同的值。

这里也可以用replace into table
MySQL会把相同的先干掉，再插入新的值。
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/t0.txt' replace into table t0 character set gbk fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"' lines terminated by '\n' (name,age,description);
Query OK, 38 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 19 Deleted: 19 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t0;
+----+----------+-----+----------------------------+
| id | name     | age | description                |
+----+----------+-----+----------------------------+
| 20 | 我爱你   | 20 | 相貌平常，经常耍流氓！哈哈 | 
| 21 | 李奎     | 21 | 相貌平常，经常耍流氓！哈哈 | 
| 22 | 王二米   | 20 | 相貌平常，经常耍流氓！哈哈 | 
| 23 | 老三     | 24 | 很强                       | 
| 24 | 老四     | 34 | XXXXX                      | 
| 25 | 老五     | 52 | ***%*￥*￥*￥*￥           | 
| 26 | 小猫     | 45 | 中间省略。。。             | 
| 27 | 小狗     | 12 | 就会叫                     | 
| 28 | 小妹     | 21 | PP的很                     | 
| 29 | 小坏蛋   | 52 | 表里不一                   | 
| 30 | 上帝他爷 | 96 | 非常英俊                   | 
| 31 | MM来了   | 10 | 。。。                     | 
| 32 | 歌颂党   | 20 | *好                 | 
| 33 | 人民好   | 20 | 的确是好                   | 
| 34 | 老高     | 10 | 学习很好                   | 
| 35 | 斜三     | 60 | 眼睛斜了                   | 
| 36 | 中华之子 | 100 | 威武的不行了               | 
| 37 | 大米     | 63 | 我爱吃                     | 
| 38 | 苹果     | 15 | 好吃                       | 
+----+----------+-----+----------------------------+
19 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(name,age,description);

这些也就是具体的表属性了，指明这个就可以导入想要的数据。

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