Java序列化是指把Java对象转换为字节序列的过程;而Java反序列化是指把字节序列恢复为Java对象的过程。
2.为什么需要序列化与反序列化
我们知道,当两个进程进行远程通信时,可以相互发送各种类型的数据,包括文本、图片、音频、视频等, 而这些数据都会以二进制序列的形式在网络上传送。那么当两个Java进程进行通信时,能否实现进程间的对象传送呢?答案是可以的。如何做到呢?这就需要Java序列化与反序列化了。换句话说,一方面,发送方需要把这个Java对象转换为字节序列,然后在网络
传送;另一方面,接收方需要从字节序列中恢复出Java对象。
当我们明晰了为什么需要Java序列化和反序列化后,我们很自然地会想Java序列化的好处。其好处一是实现了数据的持久化,通过序列化可以把数据永久地保存到硬盘上(通常存放在文件里),二是,利用序列化实现远程通信,即在网络上传送对象的字节序列。
3.示例:
(1)序列化反序列化文件:
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import java.io.*;
@SuppressWarnings ( "serial" )
class Person implements Serializable {
public Person(String name, String sex, int age, int height) {
this .name = name;
this .sex = sex;
this .age = age;
this .height = height;
}
public String toString() {
return "|" + this .name + "|" + this .sex + "|" + this .age + "|"
+ this .height + "|" ;
}
public String name;
public String sex;
public int age;
public int height;
}
public class SerialTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException,
IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
Person p = new Person( "Jim" , "male" , 28 , 194 );
// 开始序列化
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream( new FileOutputStream(
new File( "myTest.txt" )));
oos.writeObject(p);
// 反序列化
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream( new FileInputStream(
new File( "myTest.txt" )));
Person p1 = (Person) ois.readObject();
System.out.println(p1.toString());
}
}
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(2)XML反序列化成class:
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import java.io.*;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.DomDriver;
@SuppressWarnings ( "serial" )
class RoadInfo implements Serializable {
public int id;
public long MDN;
public String NAME;
public double LNG;
public double LAT;
public String ICON;
}
@SuppressWarnings ( "serial" )
class table_list implements Serializable {
public String toString() {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (RoadInfo r : sequence) {
sb.append( "|" );
sb.append(r.id);
sb.append( "|" );
sb.append(r.MDN);
sb.append( "|" );
sb.append(r.NAME);
sb.append( "|" );
sb.append(r.LNG);
sb.append( "|" );
sb.append(r.LAT);
sb.append( "|" );
sb.append(r.ICON);
sb.append( "|\n" );
}
return sb.toString();
}
public table_list( int count) {
sequence = new RoadInfo[count];
for ( int i = 0 ; i < count; i++) {
sequence[i] = new RoadInfo();
}
}
public RoadInfo[] sequence;
}
public class XMLTest {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader( new FileReader( new File(
"friend_msg.xml" )));
while ( true ) {
String s = reader.readLine(); // 读一行
if (s == null ) {
break ;
}
sb.append(s);
}
XStream xs = new XStream( new DomDriver());
table_list db = (table_list) xs.fromXML(sb.toString());
System.out.println(db.toString());
}
}
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