本文实例为大家分享了python类支持比较运算的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下
案例:
有时我们希望自定义的类,实例间可以使用比较运算符进行比较,我们自定义比较的行为。
需求:
有一个矩形的类,我们希望比较两个矩形的实例时,比较的是他们的面积
如何解决这个问题?
在类中重新定义比较运算符,所有的比较运算可以简化为两个基本的比较运算,小于和等于比较
单个类比较
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#!/usr/bin/python3
from math import pi
class Circle( object ):
def __init__( self , radius):
self .radius = radius
def get_area( self ):
return round ( pow ( self .radius, 2 ) * pi, 2 )
# 重定义小于比较
def __lt__( self , other):
return self .get_area() < other.get_area()
# 重定义等于比较
def __eq__( self , other):
return self .get_area() = = other.get_area()
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
c1 = Circle( 3.0 )
c2 = Circle( 5.0 )
print (c1 < c2) # c1.__le__(c2)
print (c1 = = c2) # c1.__eq__(c2)
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两个类比较
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#!/usr/bin/python3
from math import pi
class Circle( object ):
def __init__( self , radius):
self .radius = radius
def get_area( self ):
return round ( pow ( self .radius, 2 ) * pi, 2 )
# 重定义小于比较
def __lt__( self , other):
return self .get_area() < other.get_area()
# 重定义等于比较
def __eq__( self , other):
return self .get_area() = = other.get_area()
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
c1 = Circle( 3.0 )
c2 = Circle( 5.0 )
print (c1 < c2) # c1.__le__(c2)
print (c1 = = c2) # c1.__eq__(c2)
# !/usr/bin/python3
from math import pi
class Circle( object ):
def __init__( self , radius):
self .radius = radius
def get_area( self ):
return round ( pow ( self .radius, 2 ) * pi, 2 )
# 重定义小于比较
def __lt__( self , other):
return self .get_area() < other.get_area()
# 重定义等于比较
def __eq__( self , other):
return self .get_area() = = other.get_area()
class Rectangle( object ):
def __init__( self , width, height):
self .width = width
self .height = height
def get_area( self ):
return self .width * self .height
# 重定义小于比较
def __lt__( self , other):
return self .get_area() < other.get_area()
# 重定义等于比较
def __eq__( self , other):
return self .get_area() = = other.get_area()
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
c1 = Circle( 5.0 )
R1 = Rectangle( 4.0 , 5.0 )
print (c1 > R1) # c1.__le__(c2)
print (c1 = = R1) # c1.__eq__(c2)
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会出现一个问题,重复代码,如何解决?
通过functools下类的装饰器total_ordering进行比较
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# !/usr/bin/python3
from math import pi
from abc import abstractmethod
from functools import total_ordering
@total_ordering
class Shape( object ):
"""
定义一个抽象类,重定义比较运算,再定义抽象方法,然后子类通过这个方法进行比较,
其他子类比较类都需要重构抽象方法,实现比较运算
"""
# 标记比较方法,抽象方法
@abstractmethod
def get_area( self ):
pass
# 重定义小于比较
def __lt__( self , other):
return self .get_area() < other.get_area()
# 重定义等于比较
def __eq__( self , other):
return self .get_area() = = other.get_area()
class Circle(Shape):
def __init__( self , radius):
self .radius = radius
def get_area( self ):
return round ( pow ( self .radius, 2 ) * pi, 2 )
class Rectangle(Shape):
def __init__( self , width, height):
self .width = width
self .height = height
def get_area( self ):
return self .width * self .height
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
c1 = Circle( 5.0 )
R1 = Rectangle( 4.0 , 5.0 )
print (c1 > R1) # c1.__le__(c2)
print (c1 = = R1) # c1.__eq__(c2)
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以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/2bjiujiu/p/7289251.html