安装pymysql
pip install pymysql
2|0使用pymysql
2|1使用数据查询语句
查询一条数据fetchone()
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from pymysql import *
conn = connect (
host= '127.0.0.1' ,
port=3306, user = 'root' ,
password = '123456' ,
database = 'itcast' ,
charset= 'utf8' )
# 创建游标
c = conn. cursor ()
# 执行sql语句
c. execute ( "select * from student" )
# 查询一行数据
result = c.fetchone()
print(result)
# 关闭游标
c. close ()
# 关闭数据库连接
conn. close ()
"" "
(1, '张三', 18, b'\x01')
" ""
|
查询多条数据fetchall()
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from pymysql import *
conn = connect (
host= '127.0.0.1' ,
port=3306, user = 'root' ,
password = '123456' ,
database = 'itcast' ,
charset= 'utf8' )
# 创建游标
c = conn. cursor ()
# 执行sql语句
c. execute ( "select * from student" )
# 查询多行数据
result = c.fetchall()
for item in result:
print(item)
# 关闭游标
c. close ()
# 关闭数据库连接
conn. close ()
"" "
(1, '张三', 18, b'\x01')
(2, '李四', 19, b'\x00')
(3, '王五', 20, b'\x01')
" ""
|
更改游标的默认设置,返回值为字典
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from pymysql import *
conn = connect (
host= '127.0.0.1' ,
port=3306, user = 'root' ,
password = '123456' ,
database = 'itcast' ,
charset= 'utf8' )
# 创建游标,操作设置为字典类型
c = conn. cursor (cursors.DictCursor)
# 执行sql语句
c. execute ( "select * from student" )
# 查询多行数据
result = c.fetchall()
for item in result:
print(item)
# 关闭游标
c. close ()
# 关闭数据库连接
conn. close ()
"" "
{'id': 1, 'name': '张三', 'age': 18, 'sex': b'\x01'}
{'id': 2, 'name': '李四', 'age': 19, 'sex': b'\x00'}
{'id': 3, 'name': '王五', 'age': 20, 'sex': b'\x01'}
" ""
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返回一条数据时也是一样的。返回字典或者时元组看个人需要。
2|2使用数据操作语句
执行增加、删除、更新语句的操作其实是一样的。只写一个作为示范。
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from pymysql import *
conn = connect (
host= '127.0.0.1' ,
port=3306, user = 'root' ,
password = '123456' ,
database = 'itcast' ,
charset= 'utf8' )
# 创建游标
c = conn. cursor ()
# 执行sql语句
c. execute ( "insert into student(name,age,sex) values (%s,%s,%s)" ,( "小二" ,28,1))
# 提交事务
conn. commit ()
# 关闭游标
c. close ()
# 关闭数据库连接
conn. close ()
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和查询语句不同的是必须使用commit()提交事务,否则操作就是无效的。
3|0编写数据库连接类
普通版
MysqlHelper.py
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from pymysql import connect ,cursors
class MysqlHelper:
def __init__(self,
host= "127.0.0.1" ,
user = "root" ,
password = "123456" ,
database = "itcast" ,
charset= 'utf8' ,
port=3306):
self.host = host
self.port = port
self. user = user
self. password = password
self. database = database
self.charset = charset
self._conn = None
self._cursor = None
def _open(self):
# print( "连接已打开" )
self._conn = connect (host=self.host,
port=self.port,
user =self. user ,
password =self. password ,
database =self. database ,
charset=self.charset)
self._cursor = self._conn. cursor (cursors.DictCursor)
def _close(self):
# print( "连接已关闭" )
self._cursor. close ()
self._conn. close ()
def one(self, sql, params=None):
result: tuple = None
try:
self._open()
self._cursor. execute (sql, params)
result = self._cursor.fetchone()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
finally:
self._close()
return result
def all (self, sql, params=None):
result: tuple = None
try:
self._open()
self._cursor. execute (sql, params)
result = self._cursor.fetchall()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
finally:
self._close()
return result
def exe(self, sql, params=None):
try:
self._open()
self._cursor. execute (sql, params)
self._conn. commit ()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
finally:
self._close()
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该类封装了fetchone、fetchall、execute,省去了数据库连接的打开和关闭和游标的打开和关闭。
下面的代码是调用该类的小示例:
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from MysqlHelper import *
mysqlhelper = MysqlHelper()
ret = mysqlhelper. all ( "select * from student" )
for item in ret:
print(item)
"" "
{'id': 1, 'name': '张三', 'age': 18, 'sex': b'\x01'}
{'id': 2, 'name': '李四', 'age': 19, 'sex': b'\x00'}
{'id': 3, 'name': '王五', 'age': 20, 'sex': b'\x01'}
{'id': 5, 'name': '小二', 'age': 28, 'sex': b'\x01'}
{'id': 6, 'name': '娃哈哈', 'age': 28, 'sex': b'\x01'}
{'id': 7, 'name': '娃哈哈', 'age': 28, 'sex': b'\x01'}
" ""
上下文管理器版
mysql_with.py
from pymysql import connect , cursors
class DB:
def __init__(self,
host= 'localhost' ,
port=3306,
db= 'itcast' ,
user = 'root' ,
passwd= '123456' ,
charset= 'utf8' ):
# 建立连接
self.conn = connect (
host=host,
port=port,
db=db,
user = user ,
passwd=passwd,
charset=charset)
# 创建游标,操作设置为字典类型
self.cur = self.conn. cursor ( cursor =cursors.DictCursor)
def __enter__(self):
# 返回游标
return self.cur
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
# 提交数据库并执行
self.conn. commit ()
# 关闭游标
self.cur. close ()
# 关闭数据库连接
self.conn. close ()
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如何使用:
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from mysql_with import DB
with DB() as db:
db. execute ( "select * from student" )
ret = db.fetchone()
print(ret)
"" "
{'id': 1, 'name': '张三', 'age': 18, 'sex': b'\x01'}
" ""
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总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的使用python连接mysql数据库之pymysql模块的使用,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问欢迎给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的!
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/lxy0/archive/2019/09/01/11441723.html