需要用到mongodb的时候单个实例肯定是不行的，挂了怎么办，那然后呢，跟mysql一样搞主从备份吗，是可以的mongodb这么弄，不过官网已经不推荐了这么干了，推荐使用副本集的模式，然后数据再大一点到TB级别就需要使用分片节点模式了，不过没那么大的数据没用到过，不管它。副本集就是每个都是副本，没有主的数据库，由副本之间选举主的mongodb，可以这样理解下，就是看到mysql没有keepalived的功能，mongodb学乖了，就引入了这个功能，并且有些地方还优化了下，蛮好用的。
mongodb副本集一般是基数个，偶数个也行的不过要引入调节器，还不如加一个mongo实例来的方便。
官网教程：https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/replication/index.html
配置副本集模式：
1、副本集之间加入认证
需要生成keyfile：
先生成keyfile
openssl rand -base64 90 > /var/lib/mongo/mongodb-keyfile
然后复制到其它的服务器中
scp /var/lib/mongo/mongodb-keyfile root@192.168.108.145: /var/lib/mongo/mongodb-keyfile
两个服务器文件都要授权600
chmod 600 /var/lib/mongo/mongodb-keyfile
2、修改/etc/mongod.conf
服务器1的27017端口配置文件
# mongod.conf
# for documentation of all options, see:
# http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/
# where to write logging data.
systemLog:
destination: file
logAppend: true
path: /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log
# Where and how to store data.
storage:
dbPath: /var/lib/mongo
journal:
enabled: true
# engine:
# mmapv1:
# wiredTiger:
# how the process runs
processManagement:
fork: true # fork and run in background
pidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid # location of pidfile
# network interfaces
net:
port: 27017
# bindIp: 127.0.0.1 # Listen to local interface only, comment to listen on all interfaces.
#security:
security:
keyFile: /var/lib/mongo/mongodb-keyfile
#operationProfiling:
#replication:
replication:
replSetName: water
#sharding:
## Enterprise-Only Options
#auditLog:
#snmp:
服务器1的27018配置文件
# mongod.conf
# for documentation of all options, see:
# http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/
# where to write logging data.
systemLog:
destination: file
logAppend: true
path: /var/log/mongodb/mongod2.log
# Where and how to store data.
storage:
dbPath: /var/lib/mongo2
journal:
enabled: true
# engine:
# mmapv1:
# wiredTiger:
# how the process runs
processManagement:
fork: true # fork and run in background
pidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid # location of pidfile
# network interfaces
net:
port: 27018
# bindIp: 0.0.0.0
# bindIp: 127.0.0.1 # Listen to local interface only, comment to listen on all interfaces.
#security:
security:
keyFile: /var/lib/mongo/mongodb-keyfile
#operationProfiling:
#replication:
replication:
replSetName: water
#sharding:
## Enterprise-Only Options
#auditLog:
#snmp:
服务器2的27017端口
# mongod.conf
# for documentation of all options, see:
# http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/
# where to write logging data.
systemLog:
destination: file
logAppend: true
path: /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log
# Where and how to store data.
storage:
dbPath: /var/lib/mongo
journal:
enabled: true
# engine:
# mmapv1:
# wiredTiger:
# how the process runs
processManagement:
fork: true # fork and run in background
pidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid # location of pidfile
# network interfaces
net:
port: 27017
bindIp: 192.168.108.146
# bindIp: 127.0.0.1 # Listen to local interface only, comment to listen on all interfaces.
security:
authorization: enabled
keyFile: /var/lib/mongo/mongodb-keyfile
#security:
#operationProfiling:
#replication:
replication:
replSetName: water
#sharding:
## Enterprise-Only Options
#auditLog:
#snmp:
3个配置文件的副本集名称都设置成一样的，例如这里的water
3、设置admin用户名和密码
use admin
db.createUser({user:"admin",pwd:"password",roles:[{role:"root",db:"admin"}]})
以auth方式启动服务器2的mongodb，然后
#初始化，哪个服务器先初始化就是主服务器
rs.initiate()
use admin
db.auth("admin","password");
查看副本集节点状态
rs.status()
添加副本集
rs.add('192.168.108.145:27017')
rs.add('192.168.108.145:27018')
删除从服务器
rs.remove('192.168.108.145:27017')
rs.remove('192.168.108.145:27018')
然后进入从服务器，查看备份数据
rs.slaveOk()
后面再进行查找操作
实验的效果是当从的mongodb挂了的时候是卜影响项目的运行的，当主的mongodb挂了的时候，会自动在两个从的mongodb上面推选出一个主的mongodb，，这里mongodb必须是基数个，不然不能推选出主的mongodb，其实配置起来不难。