工具类:
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package com.lhy.web.servlet;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class VerifyCode {
private int w = 70 ; //图片长
private int h = 35 ; //图片宽
private Random r = new Random(); //Random类 生成随机数
// 列举验证图片中验证码的字体类型
//{"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
private String[] fontNames = { "宋体" , "华文楷体" , "黑体" , "微软雅黑" , "楷体_GB2312" };
// 验证码可选字符
private String codes= "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ" ;
// 背景色
private Color bgColor = new Color( 255 , 255 , 255 );
// 验证码上的文本
private String text ;
// 生成随机的颜色
private Color randomColor () {
int red = r.nextInt( 150 );
int green = r.nextInt( 150 );
int blue = r.nextInt( 150 );
return new Color(red, green, blue);
}
// 生成随机的字体
private Font randomFont () {
int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
String fontName = fontNames[index]; //生成随机的字体名称
int style = r.nextInt( 4 ); //生成随机的样式, 0(无样式), 1(粗体), 2(斜体), 3(粗体+斜体)
int size = r.nextInt( 5 ) + 24 ; //生成随机字号, 24 ~ 28
return new Font(fontName, style, size);
}
// 画干扰线
private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
int num = 3 ; //一共画3条
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
for ( int i = 0 ; i < num; i++) { //生成两个点的坐标,即4个值
int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
int y2 = r.nextInt(h);
g2.setStroke( new BasicStroke( 1 .5F));
g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); //干扰线是蓝色
g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2); //画线
}
}
// 随机生成一个字符
private char randomChar () {
int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
return codes.charAt(index);
}
// 创建BufferedImage
private BufferedImage createImage () {
//宽,高,图片的类型
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
g2.setColor( this .bgColor);
g2.fillRect( 0 , 0 , w, h);
return image;
}
// 返回验证码图片上的文本
public String getText () {
return text;
}
// 保存图片到指定的输出流
public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out)
throws IOException {
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG" , out);
}
// 调用这个方法得到验证码
public BufferedImage getImage () {
BufferedImage image = createImage(); //创建图片缓冲区
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics(); //得到绘制环境
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); //用来装载生成的验证码文本
// 向图片中画4个字符
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++) { //循环四次,每次生成一个字符
String s = randomChar() + "" ; //随机生成一个字母
sb.append(s); //把字母添加到sb中
float x = i * 1 .0F * w / 4 ; //设置当前字符的x轴坐标
g2.setFont(randomFont()); //设置随机字体
g2.setColor(randomColor()); //设置随机颜色
g2.drawString(s, x, h- 5 ); //画图
}
this .text = sb.toString(); //把生成的字符串赋给了this.text
drawLine(image); //添加干扰线
return image;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode(); //创建VerifyCode类的对象
BufferedImage bi = vc.getImage(); //调用getImge()方法获得一个BufferedImage对象
VerifyCode.output(bi, new FileOutputStream( "C:/验证码3.jpg" )); //调用静态方法output()方法将图片保存在文件输出流中
System.out.println(vc.getText()); //在控制台上打印验证码的文本值
}
}
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VerifyCodeServlet:
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package com.lhy.web.servlet;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/*
* 1. 生成图片
* 2. 保存图片上的文本到session域中
* 3. 把图片响应给客户端
*/
VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
BufferedImage image = vc.getImage();
request.getSession().setAttribute( "session_vcode" , vc.getText()); //保存图片上的文本到session域
VerifyCode.output(image, response.getOutputStream());
}
}
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LoginServlet:
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package com.lhy.web.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/*
* 校验验证码
* 1. 从session中获取正确的验证码
* 2. 从表单中获取用户填写的验证码
* 3. 进行比较!
* 4. 如果相同,向下运行,否则保存错误信息到request域,转发到login.jsp
*/
String sessionCode = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("session_vcode");
String paramCode = request.getParameter("verifyCode");
if(!paramCode.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionCode)) {
request.setAttribute("msg", "验证码错误!");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
return;
}
/*
* 1. 获取表单数据
*/
// 处理中文问题
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
// 获取
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
/*
* 2. 校验用户名和密码是否正确
*/
if("itcast".equalsIgnoreCase(username)) {//登录成功
/*
* 附加项:把用户名保存到cookie中,发送给客户端浏览器
* 当再次打开login.jsp时,login.jsp中会读取request中的cookie,把它显示到用户名文本框中
*/
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("uname", username);//创建Cookie
cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24);//设置cookie命长为1天
response.addCookie(cookie);//保存cookie
/*
* 3. 如果成功
* > 保存用户信息到session中
* > 重定向到succ1.jsp
*/
HttpSession session = request.getSession();//获取session
session.setAttribute("username", username);//向session域中保存用户名
response.sendRedirect("/Test/succ1.jsp");
} else {//登录失败
/*
* 4. 如果失败
* > 保存错误信息到request域中
* > 转发到login.jsp
*/
request.setAttribute( "msg" , "用户名或密码错误!" );
RequestDispatcher qr = request.getRequestDispatcher( "/login.jsp" ); //得到转发器
qr.forward(request, response); //转发
}
}
}
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login.jsp:
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<%@ page language= "java" import = "java.util.*" pageEncoding= "UTF-8" %>
<%String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+ "://" +request.getServerName()+ ":" +request.getServerPort()+path+ "/" ;
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" >
<html>
<head>
<base href= "<%=basePath%>" rel= "external nofollow" >
<title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv= "pragma" content= "no-cache" >
<meta http-equiv= "cache-control" content= "no-cache" >
<meta http-equiv= "expires" content= "0" >
<meta http-equiv= "keywords" content= "keyword1,keyword2,keyword3" >
<meta http-equiv= "description" content= "This is my page" >
<!--
<link rel= "stylesheet" type= "text/css" href= "styles.css" rel= "external nofollow" >
-->
<script type= "text/javascript" >
function _change() {
/*
1. 得到img元素
2. 修改其src
*/
var imgEle = document.getElementById("img");
imgEle.src = "<%=basePath%>servlet/VerifyCodeServlet?a=" + new Date().getTime();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<%-- 本页面提供登录表单,还要显示错误信息 --%>
<h1>登录</h1>
<%
/*
读取名为uname的Cookie!
如果为空显示:""
如果不为空显示:Cookie的值
*/
String uname = "" ;
Cookie[] cs = request.getCookies(); //获取请求中所有的cookie
if (cs != null ) { // 如果存在cookie
for (Cookie c : cs) { //循环遍历所有的cookie
if ( "uname" .equals(c.getName())) { //查找名为uname的cookie
uname = c.getValue(); //获取这个cookie的值,给uname这个变量
}
}
}
%>
<%
String message = "" ;
String msg = (String)request.getAttribute( "msg" ); //获取request域中的名为msg的属性
if (msg != null ) {
message = msg;
}
%>
<font color= "red" ><b><%=message %> </b></font>
<form action= "servlet/LoginServlet" method= "post" >
<%-- 把cookie中的用户名显示到用户名文本框中 --%>
用户名:<input type= "text" name= "username" value= "<%=uname%>" /><br/>
密 码:<input type= "password" name= "password" /><br/>
验证码:<input type= "text" name= "verifyCode" size= "3" />
<img id= "img" src= "<%=basePath%>servlet/VerifyCodeServlet" />
<a href= "javascript:_change()" rel= "external nofollow" >换一张</a>
<br/>
<input type= "submit" value= "登录" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
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loginsuccess:
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<body>
<h1>succ1</h1>
<%
String username = (String)session.getAttribute( "username" );
if (username == null ) {
/*
1. 向request域中保存错误信息,转发到login.jsp
*/
request.setAttribute( "msg" , "您还没有登录!请先登录!" );
request.getRequestDispatcher( "/login.jsp" ).forward(request, response);
return ;
}
%>
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欢迎欢迎,热烈欢迎,欢迎<%=username %>
领导指导工作!
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</body>
</html>
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配置文件:
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<servlet>
<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet- class >com.lhy.web.servlet.LoginServlet</servlet- class >
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/LoginServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet- class >com.lhy.web.servlet.VerifyCodeServlet</servlet- class >
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/VerifyCodeServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
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建议:生成验证码的Servlet最好设置成不缓存,这样就不用再页面请求验证码图片的时候加上时间戳了,加上时间戳就是欺骗浏览器防止浏览器读取缓存里的验证码图片,而点击换一张后没反应。 这样的不是很好的一点就是,每次点击换一张,浏览器都会把新获取的图片缓存到本地,而在Servlet里设置不缓存,就不会缓存到本地了。
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的JAVA验证码工具实例代码,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持!
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/lihaoyang/p/7131512.html