本文实例讲述了python对文件目录的操作方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
python 可以很方便的对文件进行打开,读写操作,删除操作,也可以很方便的对文件夹进行遍历操作。总体说来,有如下几个方面:
1. python 遍历文件目录,当然可以递归
2. python 删除文件
3. python 对文件进行重命名操作
4. python 创建文件夹 (多个层级创建)
5. python 删除文件夹 (多个层级删除)
6. python 移动文件
7. python 查找文件
8. 得到文件夹的大小
下面的代码是我在用python 做一个网盘服务端的时候用到的一些方法,记录下来,以供以后参考.
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#coding:utf-8
import StringIO
import json
import os
import time
import glob
import shutil
DATETIMEFORMATER = '%Y-%m-%d %X'
#only for windows
RECYCLED_FOLDER_NAME = 'Recycled'
def dateformat(datetime):
'''return GMT TIME,need to change to LOCAL TIME'''
return time.strftime( DATETIMEFORMATER,time.gmtime(datetime) )
def filesizeformat(size):
''' Convert file size to string '''
KBSIZE = 1024.00
strSize = '0 Byte'
if (size < KBSIZE):
strSize = '%.2f Byte' % (size)
elif (size > = KBSIZE and size < KBSIZE * * 2 ):
strSize = '%.2f K' % (size / KBSIZE)
elif (size > = KBSIZE * * 2 and size < KBSIZE * * 3 ):
strSize = '%.2f M' % (size / KBSIZE / KBSIZE)
elif (size > = KBSIZE * * 3 ):
strSize = '%.2f G' % (size / KBSIZE / KBSIZE / KBSIZE)
return strSize
def listdir(path):
if os.path.isfile(path):
return '[]'
allFiles = os.listdir(path)
retlist = []
for cfile in allFiles:
fileinfo = {}
filepath = (path + os.path.sep + cfile).replace( "\\"," / ")
if cfile = = RECYCLED_FOLDER_NAME:
continue
if os.path.isdir(filepath):
fileinfo[ 'isfile' ] = '0'
fileinfo[ 'size' ] = getfoldersize(filepath)
else :
fileinfo[ 'isfile' ] = '1'
fileinfo[ 'size' ] = os.path.getsize(filepath)
fileinfo[ 'name' ] = cfile
fileinfo[ 'lastvisittime' ] = dateformat( os.path.getatime(filepath) )
fileinfo[ 'createtime' ] = dateformat( os.path.getctime(filepath) )
fileinfo[ 'lastmodifytime' ] = dateformat( os.path.getmtime(filepath) )
retlist.append(fileinfo)
retStr = json.dumps(retlist,encoding = 'utf-8' )
return retStr
def deletefile(path):
if os.path.exists(path):
os.remove(path)
def rename(old,new):
if os.path.exists(old):
os.rename(old, new)
def checkoutfile(path):
pass
def checkinfile(path):
pass
def lockfile(path):
pass
def unlockfile(path):
pass
def createfolder(path):
if not os.path.exists(path):
os.mkdir(path)
def createfolders(path):
if not os.path.exists(path):
os.makedirs(path);
def deletefolder(path):
if os.path.isdir(path):
os.rmdir(path)
def retreeExceptionHandler(fun,path,excinfo):
pass
def deletefolders(path):
# if os.path.isdir(path):
# os.removedirs(path)
shutil.rmtree(path,ignore_errors = False ,onerror = retreeExceptionHandler)
def movefile(old,new):
shutil.move(old, new)
def getfoldersize(path):
size = 0
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
size + = sum ([os.path.getsize(os.path.join(root, name)) for name in files])
return size
def searchfile(path,ext):
returnList = glob.glob1(path, ext)
return returnList
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
listdir( 'c:/vDriver' )
#searchfile('c:/vDriver','*.log')
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上面的代码,根据方法的命名,就可以知道 python 操作文件以及文件夹的各种方法。
希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。
原文链接:http://www.yihaomen.com/article/python/348.htm