MongoDB是一种强大、灵活、可拓展的数据存储方式。它扩展了关系型数据库等，吧啦吧啦一大堆废话，对于一门新的语言或者技术，了解技术背景是一方面，动手实练也是必不可少的。这里我打算发一些MongoDB从入门到项目应用的文章，也方便做些技术预言。将涉猎到MongoDB基础应用入门以及分布式部署等等方面。
一：从mongodb.org官网入手，了解MongoDB
从MongoDB官网下载最新的文档来看看，当然可以选择下载文档(MongoDB-manual.pdf)到本地以供检索，MongoDB作为开源的NoSQL数据库还带来了灵活、高效易扩展等优势。
Document Database
A record in MongoDB is a document, which is a data structure composed of field and value pairs. MongoDB documents are similar to JSON objects. The values of fields may include other documents, arrays, and arrays of documents.
A MongoDB document.
The advantages of using documents are:
- Documents (i.e. objects) correspond to native data types in many programming language.
- Embedded documents and arrays reduce need for expensive joins.
- Dynamic schema supports fluent polymorphism.
Key Features
High Performance
MongoDB provides high performance data persistence. In particular,
- Support for embedded data models reduces I/O activity on database system.
- Indexes support faster queries and can include keys from embedded documents and arrays.
High Availability
To provide high availability, MongoDB’s replication facility, called replica sets, provide:
- automatic failover.
- data redundancy.
A replica set is a group of MongoDB servers that maintain the same data set, providing redundancy and increasing data availability.
Automatic Scaling
MongoDB provides horizontal scalability as part of its core functionality.
- Automatic sharding distributes data across a cluster of machines.
- Replica sets can provide eventually-consistent reads for low-latency high throughput deployments.
二：安装并简单测试MongoDB数据库，熟悉简要的命令
安装非常简单，只需要在官网下载MongoDB最新程序，解压到本地磁盘即可。剩下的就是简单配置和测试使用了。 把MongoDB解压到本地E:\mongodb下 并新建一个db文件夹用作数据存储。做完如上操作后，在CMD敲入命令，到E:\mongodb\bin 目录下，开启MongDB服务并设置数据存储路径(dbpath) 。
控制台提示，可通过http://localhost:28017/ 访问MongoDB Web Console。
重新打开一个CMD窗口，进入MondoDB bin文件路径后，使用mongo命令打开控制台并自动连接到test db。操作到此，就是已经完整的安装并调试了本地MongoDB服务。