在sql server 中插入一条数据使用insert语句,但是如果想要批量插入一堆数据的话,循环使用insert不仅效率低,而且会导致sql一系统性能问题。下面介绍sql server支持的两种批量数据插入方法:bulk和表值参数(table-valued parameters),高效插入数据。
新建数据库:
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--create database
create database bulktestdb;
go
use bulktestdb;
go
--create table
create table bulktesttable(
id int primary key ,
username nvarchar(32),
pwd varchar (16))
go
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一.传统的insert方式
先看下传统的insert方式:一条一条的插入(性能消耗越来越大,速度越来越慢)
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//使用简单的 insert 方法一条条插入 [慢]
#region [ simpleinsert ]
static void simpleinsert()
{
console.writeline( "使用简单的insert方法一条条插入" );
stopwatch sw = new stopwatch();
sqlconnection sqlconn = new sqlconnection( "server=.;database=bulktestdb;user=sa;password=123456;" );
sqlcommand sqlcmd = new sqlcommand();
sqlcmd.commandtext = string.format( "insert into bulktesttable(id,username,pwd)values(@p0,@p1,@p2)" );
sqlcmd.parameters. add ( "@p0" , sqldbtype. int );
sqlcmd.parameters. add ( "@p1" , sqldbtype.nvarchar);
sqlcmd.parameters. add ( "@p2" , sqldbtype.nvarchar);
sqlcmd.commandtype = commandtype.text;
sqlcmd. connection = sqlconn;
sqlconn. open ();
try
{
//循环插入1000条数据,每次插入100条,插入10次。
for ( int multiply = 0; multiply < 10; multiply++)
{
for ( int count = multiply * 100; count < (multiply + 1) * 100; count ++)
{
sqlcmd.parameters[ "@p0" ].value = count ;
sqlcmd.parameters[ "@p1" ].value = string.format( "user-{0}" , count * multiply);
sqlcmd.parameters[ "@p2" ].value = string.format( "pwd-{0}" , count * multiply);
sw.start();
sqlcmd.executenonquery();
sw.stop();
}
//每插入10万条数据后,显示此次插入所用时间
console.writeline(string.format( "elapsed time is {0} milliseconds" , sw.elapsedmilliseconds));
}
console.readkey();
}
catch (exception ex)
{
console.writeline(ex.message);
}
}
#endregion
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循环插入1000条数据,每次插入100条,插入10次,效率是越来越慢。
二.较快速的bulk插入方式:
使用使用bulk插入[ 较快 ]
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//使用bulk插入的情况 [ 较快 ]
#region [ 使用bulk插入的情况 ]
static void bulktodb(datatable dt)
{
stopwatch sw = new stopwatch();
sqlconnection sqlconn = new sqlconnection( "server=.;database=bulktestdb;user=sa;password=123456;" );
sqlbulkcopy bulkcopy = new sqlbulkcopy(sqlconn);
bulkcopy.destinationtablename = "bulktesttable" ;
bulkcopy.batchsize = dt. rows . count ;
try
{
sqlconn. open ();
if (dt != null && dt. rows . count != 0)
{
bulkcopy.writetoserver(dt);
}
}
catch (exception ex)
{
console.writeline(ex.message);
}
finally
{
sqlconn. close ();
if (bulkcopy != null )
{
bulkcopy. close ();
}
}
}
static datatable gettableschema()
{
datatable dt = new datatable();
dt.columns.addrange(new datacolumn[] {
new datacolumn( "id" ,typeof( int )),
new datacolumn( "username" ,typeof(string)),
new datacolumn( "pwd" ,typeof(string))
});
return dt;
}
static void bulkinsert()
{
console.writeline( "使用简单的bulk插入的情况" );
stopwatch sw = new stopwatch();
for ( int multiply = 0; multiply < 10; multiply++)
{
datatable dt = gettableschema();
for ( int count = multiply * 100; count < (multiply + 1) * 100; count ++)
{
datarow r = dt.newrow();
r[0] = count ;
r[1] = string.format( "user-{0}" , count * multiply);
r[2] = string.format( "pwd-{0}" , count * multiply);
dt. rows . add (r);
}
sw.start();
bulktodb(dt);
sw.stop();
console.writeline(string.format( "elapsed time is {0} milliseconds" , sw.elapsedmilliseconds));
}
}
#endregion
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循环插入1000条数据,每次插入100条,插入10次,效率快了很多。
三.使用简称tvps插入数据
打开sqlserrver,执行以下脚本:
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--create table valued
create type bulkudt as table
(id int ,
username nvarchar(32),
pwd varchar (16))
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成功后在数据库中发现多了bulkudt的缓存表。
使用简称tvps插入数据
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//使用简称tvps插入数据 [最快]
#region [ 使用简称tvps插入数据 ]
static void tbalevaluedtodb(datatable dt)
{
stopwatch sw = new stopwatch();
sqlconnection sqlconn = new sqlconnection( "server=.;database=bulktestdb;user=sa;password=123456;" );
const string tsqlstatement =
"insert into bulktesttable (id,username,pwd)" +
" select nc.id, nc.username,nc.pwd" +
" from @newbulktesttvp as nc" ;
sqlcommand cmd = new sqlcommand(tsqlstatement, sqlconn);
sqlparameter catparam = cmd.parameters.addwithvalue( "@newbulktesttvp" , dt);
catparam.sqldbtype = sqldbtype.structured;
catparam.typename = "dbo.bulkudt" ;
try
{
sqlconn. open ();
if (dt != null && dt. rows . count != 0)
{
cmd.executenonquery();
}
}
catch (exception ex)
{
console.writeline( "error>" + ex.message);
}
finally
{
sqlconn. close ();
}
}
static void tvpsinsert()
{
console.writeline( "使用简称tvps插入数据" );
stopwatch sw = new stopwatch();
for ( int multiply = 0; multiply < 10; multiply++)
{
datatable dt = gettableschema();
for ( int count = multiply * 100; count < (multiply + 1) * 100; count ++)
{
datarow r = dt.newrow();
r[0] = count ;
r[1] = string.format( "user-{0}" , count * multiply);
r[2] = string.format( "pwd-{0}" , count * multiply);
dt. rows . add (r);
}
sw.start();
tbalevaluedtodb(dt);
sw.stop();
console.writeline(string.format( "elapsed time is {0} milliseconds" , sw.elapsedmilliseconds));
}
console.readline();
}
#endregion
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循环插入1000条数据,每次插入100条,插入10次,效率是越来越慢,后面测试,将每次插入的数据量增大,会更大的体现tpvs插入的效率。
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/heyangyi_19940703/article/details/51981731