Jackson可以轻松的将Java对象转换成json对象和xml文档,同样也可以将json、xml转换成Java对象。
相比json-lib框架,Jackson所依赖的jar包较少,简单易用并且性能也要相对高些。而且Jackson社区相对比较活跃,更新速度也比较快。
一、准备工作
1、 下载依赖库jar包
Jackson的jar all下载地址:http://jackson.codehaus.org/1.7.6/jackson-all-1.7.6.jar
然后在工程中导入这个jar包即可开始工作
官方示例:http://wiki.fasterxml.com/JacksonInFiveMinutes
因为下面的程序是用junit测试用例运行的,所以还得添加junit的jar包。版本是junit-4.2.8
如果你需要转换xml,那么还需要stax2-api.jar
2、 测试类基本代码如下
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package com.hoo.test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonEncoding;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerationException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerator;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonParseException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.codehaus.jackson.node.JsonNodeFactory;
import org.codehaus.jackson.xml.XmlMapper;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.hoo.entity.AccountBean;
/**
* <b>function:</b>Jackson 将java对象转换成JSON字符串,也可以将JSON字符串转换成java对象
* jar-lib-version: jackson-all-1.6.2
* jettison-1.0.1
* @author hoojo
* @file JacksonTest.java
* @package com.hoo.test
* @project Spring3
* @version 1.0
*/
@SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" )
public class JacksonTest {
private JsonGenerator jsonGenerator = null ;
private ObjectMapper objectMapper = null ;
private AccountBean bean = null ;
@Before
public void init() {
bean = new AccountBean();
bean.setAddress( "china-Guangzhou" );
bean.setEmail( "hoojo_@126.com" );
bean.setId( 1 );
bean.setName( "hoojo" );
objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
try {
jsonGenerator = objectMapper.getJsonFactory().createJsonGenerator(System.out, JsonEncoding.UTF8);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@After
public void destory() {
try {
if (jsonGenerator != null ) {
jsonGenerator.flush();
}
if (!jsonGenerator.isClosed()) {
jsonGenerator.close();
}
jsonGenerator = null ;
objectMapper = null ;
bean = null ;
System.gc();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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3、 所需要的JavaEntity
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package com.hoo.entity;
public class AccountBean {
private int id;
private String name;
private String email;
private String address;
private Birthday birthday;
//getter、setter
@Override
public String toString() {
return this .name + "#" + this .id + "#" + this .address + "#" + this .birthday + "#" + this .email;
}
}
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Birthday
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package com.hoo.entity;
public class Birthday {
private String birthday;
public Birthday(String birthday) {
super ();
this .birthday = birthday;
}
//getter、setter
public Birthday() {}
@Override
public String toString() {
return this .birthday;
}
}
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二、Java对象转换成JSON
1、 JavaBean(Entity/Model)转换成JSON
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/**
* function:将java对象转换成json字符串
* @author hoojo
*/
@Test
public void writeEntityJSON() {
try {
System.out.println( "jsonGenerator" );
//writeObject可以转换java对象,eg:JavaBean/Map/List/Array等
jsonGenerator.writeObject(bean);
System.out.println();
System.out.println( "ObjectMapper" );
//writeValue具有和writeObject相同的功能
objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, bean);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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运行后结果如下:
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jsonGenerator
{ "address" : "china-Guangzhou" , "name" : "hoojo" , "id" :1, "birthday" : null , "email" : "hoojo_@126.com" }
ObjectMapper
{ "address" : "china-Guangzhou" , "name" : "hoojo" , "id" :1, "birthday" : null , "email" :<a href= "mailto:hoojo_@126.com" rel= "external nofollow" >hoojo_@126.com</a>}
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上面分别利用JsonGenerator的writeObject方法和ObjectMapper的writeValue方法完成对Java对象的转换,二者传递的参数及构造的方式不同;JsonGenerator的创建依赖于ObjectMapper对象。也就是说如果你要使用JsonGenerator来转换JSON,那么你必须创建一个ObjectMapper。但是你用ObjectMapper来转换JSON,则不需要JSONGenerator。
objectMapper的writeValue方法可以将一个Java对象转换成JSON。这个方法的参数一,需要提供一个输出流,转换后可以通过这个流来输出转换后的内容。或是提供一个File,将转换后的内容写入到File中。当然,这个参数也可以接收一个JSONGenerator,然后通过JSONGenerator来输出转换后的信息。第二个参数是将要被转换的Java对象。如果用三个参数的方法,那么是一个Config。这个config可以提供一些转换时的规则,过指定的Java对象的某些属性进行过滤或转换等。
2、 将Map集合转换成Json字符串
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/**
* <b>function:</b>将map转换成json字符串
* @author hoojo
*/
@Test
public void writeMapJSON() {
try {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put( "name" , bean.getName());
map.put( "account" , bean);
bean = new AccountBean();
bean.setAddress( "china-Beijin" );
bean.setEmail( "hoojo@qq.com" );
map.put( "account2" , bean);
System.out.println( "jsonGenerator" );
jsonGenerator.writeObject(map);
System.out.println( "" );
System.out.println( "objectMapper" );
objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, map);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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转换后结果如下:
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jsonGenerator
{ "account2" :{ "address" : "china-Beijin" , "name" : null , "id" :0, "birthday" : null , "email" : "hoojo@qq.com" }, "name" : "hoojo" ,
"account" :{ "address" : "china-Guangzhou" , "name" : "hoojo" , "id" :1, "birthday" : null , "email" : "hoojo_@126.com" }}
objectMapper
{ "account2" :{ "address" : "china-Beijin" , "name" : null , "id" :0, "birthday" : null , "email" : "hoojo@qq.com" }, "name" : "hoojo" ,
"account" :{ "address" : "china-Guangzhou" , "name" : "hoojo" , "id" :1, "birthday" : null , "email" :<a href= "mailto:hoojo_@126.com" rel= "external nofollow" >hoojo_@126.com</a>}}
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3、 将List集合转换成json
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/**
* <b>function:</b>将list集合转换成json字符串
* @author hoojo
*/
@Test
public void writeListJSON() {
try {
List<AccountBean> list = new ArrayList<AccountBean>();
list.add(bean);
bean = new AccountBean();
bean.setId( 2 );
bean.setAddress( "address2" );
bean.setEmail( "email2" );
bean.setName( "haha2" );
list.add(bean);
System.out.println( "jsonGenerator" );
//list转换成JSON字符串
jsonGenerator.writeObject(list);
System.out.println();
System.out.println( "ObjectMapper" );
//用objectMapper直接返回list转换成的JSON字符串
System.out.println( "1###" + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(list));
System.out.print( "2###" );
//objectMapper list转换成JSON字符串
objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, list);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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结果如下:
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jsonGenerator
[{ "address" : "china-Guangzhou" , "name" : "hoojo" , "id" :1, "birthday" : null , "email" : "hoojo_@126.com" },
{ "address" : "address2" , "name" : "haha2" , "id" :2, "birthday" : null , "email" : "email2" }]
ObjectMapper
1 ###[{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"},
{ "address" : "address2" , "name" : "haha2" , "id" :2, "birthday" : null , "email" : "email2" }]
2 ###[{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"},
{ "address" : "address2" , "name" : "haha2" , "id" :2, "birthday" : null , "email" : "email2" }]
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外面就是多了个[]中括号;同样Array也可以转换,转换的JSON和上面的结果是一样的,这里就不再转换了。~.~
4、下面来看看jackson提供的一些类型,用这些类型完成json转换;如果你使用这些类型转换JSON的话,那么你即使没有JavaBean(Entity)也可以完成复杂的Java类型的JSON转换。下面用到这些类型构建一个复杂的Java对象,并完成JSON转换。
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@Test
public void writeOthersJSON() {
try {
String[] arr = { "a" , "b" , "c" };
System.out.println( "jsonGenerator" );
String str = "hello world jackson!" ;
//byte
jsonGenerator.writeBinary(str.getBytes());
//boolean
jsonGenerator.writeBoolean( true );
//null
jsonGenerator.writeNull();
//float
jsonGenerator.writeNumber( 2 .2f);
//char
jsonGenerator.writeRaw( "c" );
//String
jsonGenerator.writeRaw(str, 5 , 10 );
//String
jsonGenerator.writeRawValue(str, 5 , 5 );
//String
jsonGenerator.writeString(str);
jsonGenerator.writeTree(JsonNodeFactory.instance.POJONode(str));
System.out.println();
//Object
jsonGenerator.writeStartObject(); //{
jsonGenerator.writeObjectFieldStart( "user" ); //user:{
jsonGenerator.writeStringField( "name" , "jackson" ); //name:jackson
jsonGenerator.writeBooleanField( "sex" , true ); //sex:true
jsonGenerator.writeNumberField( "age" , 22 ); //age:22
jsonGenerator.writeEndObject(); //}
jsonGenerator.writeArrayFieldStart( "infos" ); //infos:[
jsonGenerator.writeNumber( 22 ); //22
jsonGenerator.writeString( "this is array" ); //this is array
jsonGenerator.writeEndArray(); //]
jsonGenerator.writeEndObject(); //}
AccountBean bean = new AccountBean();
bean.setAddress( "address" );
bean.setEmail( "email" );
bean.setId( 1 );
bean.setName( "haha" );
//complex Object
jsonGenerator.writeStartObject(); //{
jsonGenerator.writeObjectField( "user" , bean); //user:{bean}
jsonGenerator.writeObjectField( "infos" , arr); //infos:[array]
jsonGenerator.writeEndObject(); //}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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运行后,结果如下:
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jsonGenerator
"aGVsbG8gd29ybGQgamFja3NvbiE=" true null 2.2c world jac worl "hello world jackson!" "hello world jackson!"
{ "user" :{ "name" : "jackson" , "sex" : true , "age" :22}, "infos" :[22, "this is array" ]}
{ "user" :{ "address" : "address" , "name" : "haha" , "id" :1, "birthday" : null , "email" : "email" }, "infos" :[ "a" , "b" , "c" ]}
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怎么样?构造的json字符串和输出的结果是一致的吧。关键看懂用JSONGenerator提供的方法,完成一个Object的构建。
三、JSON转换成Java对象
1、 将json字符串转换成JavaBean对象
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@Test
public void readJson2Entity() {
String json = "{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}" ;
try {
AccountBean acc = objectMapper.readValue(json, AccountBean. class );
System.out.println(acc.getName());
System.out.println(acc);
} catch (JsonParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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很简单,用到了ObjectMapper这个对象的readValue这个方法,这个方法需要提供2个参数。第一个参数就是解析的JSON字符串,第二个参数是即将将这个JSON解析吃什么Java对象,Java对象的类型。当然,还有其他相同签名方法,如果你有兴趣可以一一尝试使用方法,当然使用的方法和当前使用的方法大同小异。运行后,结果如下:
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haha
haha#1#address#null#email
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2、 将json字符串转换成List<Map>集合
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/**
* <b>function:</b>json字符串转换成list<map>
* @author hoojo
*/
@Test
public void readJson2List() {
String json = "[{\"address\": \"address2\",\"name\":\"haha2\",\"id\":2,\"email\":\"email2\"}," +
"{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}]" ;
try {
List<LinkedHashMap<String, Object>> list = objectMapper.readValue(json, List. class );
System.out.println(list.size());
for ( int i = 0 ; i < list.size(); i++) {
Map<String, Object> map = list.get(i);
Set<String> set = map.keySet();
for (Iterator<String> it = set.iterator();it.hasNext();) {
String key = it.next();
System.out.println(key + ":" + map.get(key));
}
}
} catch (JsonParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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尝试过将上面的JSON转换成List,然后List中存放AccountBean,但结果失败了。但是支持Map集合。因为你转成List.class,但是不知道List存放何种类型。只好默然Map类型。因为所有的对象都可以转换成Map结合,运行后结果如下:
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2
address:address2
name:haha2
id:2
email:email2
address:address
name:haha
id:1
email:email
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3、 Json字符串转换成Array数组,由于上面的泛型转换不能识别到集合中的对象类型。所有这里用对象数组,可以解决这个问题。只不过它不再是集合,而是一个数组。当然这个不重要,你可以用Arrays.asList将其转换成List即可。
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/**
* <b>function:</b>json字符串转换成Array
* @author hoojo
*/
@Test
public void readJson2Array() {
String json = "[{\"address\": \"address2\",\"name\":\"haha2\",\"id\":2,\"email\":\"email2\"}," +
"{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}]" ;
try {
AccountBean[] arr = objectMapper.readValue(json, AccountBean[]. class );
System.out.println(arr.length);
for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr.length; i++) {
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
} catch (JsonParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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运行后的结果:
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2
haha2#2#address2#null#email2
haha#1#address#null#email
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4、 Json字符串转换成Map集合
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/**
* <b>function:</b>json字符串转换Map集合
* @author hoojo */
@Test
public void readJson2Map() {
String json = "{\"success\":true,\"A\":{\"address\": \"address2\",\"name\":\"haha2\",\"id\":2,\"email\":\"email2\"}," +
"\"B\":{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}}" ;
try {
Map<String, Map<String, Object>> maps = objectMapper.readValue(json, Map. class );
System.out.println(maps.size());
Set<String> key = maps.keySet();
Iterator<String> iter = key.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
String field = iter.next();
System.out.println(field + ":" + maps.get(field));
}
} catch (JsonParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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运行后结果如下:
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3
success: true
A:{address=address2, name=haha2, id= 2 , email=email2}
B:{address=address, name=haha, id= 1 , email=email}
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四、Jackson对XML的支持
Jackson也可以完成java对象到xml的转换,转换后的结果要比json-lib更直观,不过它依赖于stax2-api.jar这个jar包。
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/**
* <b>function:</b>java对象转换成xml文档
* 需要额外的jar包 stax2-api.jar
* @author hoojo
*/
@Test
public void writeObject2Xml() {
//stax2-api-3.0.2.jar
System.out.println( "XmlMapper" );
XmlMapper xml = new XmlMapper();
try {
//javaBean转换成xml
//xml.writeValue(System.out, bean);
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
xml.writeValue(sw, bean);
System.out.println(sw.toString());
//List转换成xml
List<AccountBean> list = new ArrayList<AccountBean>();
list.add(bean);
list.add(bean);
System.out.println(xml.writeValueAsString(list));
//Map转换xml文档
Map<String, AccountBean> map = new HashMap<String, AccountBean>();
map.put( "A" , bean);
map.put( "B" , bean);
System.out.println(xml.writeValueAsString(map));
} catch (JsonGenerationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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运行上面的方法,结果如下:
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XmlMapper
< unknown >< address >china-Guangzhou</ address >< name >hoojo</ name >< id >1</ id >< birthday />< email >hoojo_@126.com</ email ></ unknown >
< unknown >< unknown >< address >china-Guangzhou</ address >< name >hoojo</ name >< id >1</ id >< birthday />< email >hoojo_@126.com</ email ></ unknown >
< email >< address >china-Guangzhou</ address >< name >hoojo</ name >< id >1</ id >< birthday />< email >hoojo_@126.com</ email ></ email ></ unknown >
< unknown >< A >< address >china-Guangzhou</ address >< name >hoojo</ name >< id >1</ id >< birthday />< email >hoojo_@126.com</ email ></ A >
< B >< address >china-Guangzhou</ address >< name >hoojo</ name >< id >1</ id >< birthday />< email >hoojo_@126.com</ email ></ B ></ unknown >
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看结果,根节点都是unknown 这个问题还没有解决,由于根节点没有转换出来,所有导致解析xml到Java对象,也无法完成。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/hoojo/archive/2011/04/22/2024628.html