mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz是目前最新版，二进制发布包，适合各种32为版本的发型版Linux，由于只有一个包，解压后配配就行，很方便，比较符合我的风格。
环境：centos6.6 x86
1、下载 http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz
迅雷下载后ftp传到Linux下面/usr/local/soft/
2、解压缩到/usr/local/下面，mysql的主目录命名为mysql
[root@localhost local]# cd /usr/local/soft/
[root@localhost soft]# tar zvxf mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@localhost soft]# cd ..
[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-i686/ mysql
3、在mysql下面创建data数据库文件目录
[root@localhost local]# mkdir mysql/data
4、创建mysql的用户组和用户，并对mysql目录设置用户组和用户
[root@localhost local]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost local]# useradd mysql -g mysql
[root@localhost local]# cd mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
5.配置my.cnf文件
[mysqld]
#忽略密码进入，这里只有Linux系统有用
skip-grant-tables
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.19
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.19/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
#是指不区分大小写 0-区分 1-不区分
lower_case_table_names=1
max_connections=1000
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
~
注意⚠️：在window系统忽略密码不能写在配置文件中 需要在cmd中执行 mysqld --console --skip-grant-tables
6.安装数据库
切换到mysql安装目录
cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.19
执行安装脚本
./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.19 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.19/data --initialize
7.启动服务
./bin/mysqld
8.连接进入数据库
其中指定MySQL的sock文件，通过-S指定
./bin/mysql -uroot -p -S/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
9.连接数据库完成，修改root用户密码
mysql>use mysql;
-- 查看user表结构，找到密码字段 authentication_string
mysql>desc user;
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Host | char(60) | NO | PRI | | |
| User | char(32) | NO | PRI | | |
| Select_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Insert_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Update_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Delete_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Drop_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Reload_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Shutdown_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Process_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| File_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Grant_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| References_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Index_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Alter_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Show_db_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Super_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_tmp_table_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Lock_tables_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Execute_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Repl_slave_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Repl_client_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_view_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Show_view_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_routine_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Alter_routine_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_user_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Event_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Trigger_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_tablespace_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| ssl_type | enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') | NO | | | |
| ssl_cipher | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| x509_issuer | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| x509_subject | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| max_questions | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_updates | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_user_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| plugin | char(64) | NO | | mysql_native_password | |
| authentication_string | text | YES | | NULL | |
| password_expired | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| password_last_changed | timestamp | YES | | NULL | |
| password_lifetime | smallint(5) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| account_locked | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
45 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>update user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
-- 刷新缓存，立即生效
mysql>flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
-- 创建用户，允许外网访问
mysql>create user 'test'@'%' identified by '123456';
mysql>flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
-- 给用户赋予权限
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to joe@localhost identified by '1';
mysql>flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
10.到目前为止配置完成。
11.问题解答。
（1）问题：
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
解答： SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('新密码'); --问题解决了