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NSOperation和NSOperationQueue实现多线程的详细步骤
先将须要运行的操作封装到一个NSOperation对象中
然后将NSOperation对象加入到NSOperationQueue中
系统会自己主动将NSOperationQueue中的NSOperation取出来
将取出的NSOperation封装的操作放到一条新线程中运行
使用NSOperation子类的方式有3种
NSInvocationOperation
NSBlockOperation
自己定义子类继承NSOperation,实现内部对应的方法
- (id)initWithTarget:(id)target selector:(SEL)sel object:(id)arg;
调用start方法開始运行操作
- (void)start;
一旦运行操作,就会调用target的sel方法
注意
默认情况下,调用了start方法后并不会开一条新线程去运行操作。而是在当前线程同步运行操作
仅仅有将NSOperation放到一个NSOperationQueue中,才会异步运行操作
+ (id)blockOperationWithBlock:(void (^)(void))block;
通过addExecutionBlock:方法加入很多其它的操作
- (void)addExecutionBlock:(void (^)(void))block;
注意:仅仅要NSBlockOperation封装的操作数 > 1。就会异步运行操作
NSOperation能够调用start方法来运行任务。但默认是同步运行的
假设将NSOperation加入到NSOperationQueue(操作队列)中。系统会自己主动异步运行NSOperation中的操作
加入操作到NSOperationQueue中
- (void)addOperation:(NSOperation *)op;
- (void)addOperationWithBlock:(void (^)(void))block;
同一时候运行的任务数
比方。同一时候开3个线程运行3个任务,并发数就是3
最大并发数的相关方法
- (NSInteger)maxConcurrentOperationCount;
- (void)setMaxConcurrentOperationCount:(NSInteger)cnt;
- (void)cancelAllOperations;
提示:也能够调用NSOperation的- (void)cancel方法取消单个操作
暂停和恢复队列
- (void)setSuspended:(BOOL)b; // YES代表暂停队列,NO代表恢复队列
- (BOOL)isSuspended;
- (NSOperationQueuePriority)queuePriority;
- (void)setQueuePriority:(NSOperationQueuePriority)p;
优先级的取值
NSOperationQueuePriorityVeryLow = -8L,
NSOperationQueuePriorityLow = -4L,
NSOperationQueuePriorityNormal = 0,
NSOperationQueuePriorityHigh = 4,
NSOperationQueuePriorityVeryHigh = 8
比方一定要让操作A运行完后,才干运行操作B,能够这么写
[operationB addDependency:operationA]; // 操作B依赖于操作A
能够在不同queue的NSOperation之间创建依赖关系
- (void (^)(void))completionBlock;
- (void)setCompletionBlock:(void (^)(void))block;
重写- (void)main方法,在里面实现想运行的任务
重写- (void)main方法的注意点
自己创建自己主动释放池(由于假设是异步操作,无法訪问主线程的自己主动释放池)
常常通过- (BOOL)isCancelled方法检測操作是否被取消,对取消做出响应


//
// HVWDownloadImageOperation.h
// ConcurrentDownloadImageDemo
//
// Created by YuriyHao on 15/7/24.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 YuriyHao. All rights reserved.
// #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @class HVWDownloadImageOperation; @protocol HVWDownloadImageOperationDelegate <NSObject> @optional
- (void) downloadImageOperation:(HVWDownloadImageOperation *) operation didFinishedDownloadWithImage:(UIImage *) image; @end @interface HVWDownloadImageOperation : NSOperation @property(nonatomic, strong) NSString *url; @property(nonatomic, strong) NSIndexPath *indexPath; @property(nonatomic, weak) id<HVWDownloadImageOperationDelegate> delegate; @end
//
// HVWDownloadImageOperation.m
// ConcurrentDownloadImageDemo
//
// Created by YuriyHao on 15/7/24.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 YuriyHao. All rights reserved.
// #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import "HVWDownloadImageOperation.h" @implementation HVWDownloadImageOperation - (void)main {
NSLog(@"====下载图片======%@", [NSThread currentThread]); NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:self.url];
NSData *data;
for (int i=0; i<1; i++) {
data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:url];
} UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:data]; if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(downloadImageOperation:didFinishedDownloadWithImage:)]) {
[self.delegate downloadImageOperation:self didFinishedDownloadWithImage:image];
}
} @end
//
// HVWApp.h
// ConcurrentDownloadImageDemo
//
// Created by YuriyHao on 15/7/24.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 YuriyHao. All rights reserved.
// #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface HVWApp : NSObject @property(nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
@property(nonatomic, strong) NSString *icon;
@property(nonatomic, strong) NSString *download; - (instancetype) initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *) dict;
+ (instancetype) appWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *) dict; @end
//
// ViewController.m
// ConcurrentDownloadImageDemo
//
// Created by YuriyHao on 15/7/24.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 YuriyHao. All rights reserved.
// #import "ViewController.h"
#import "HVWApp.h"
#import "HVWDownloadImageOperation.h" @interface ViewController () <UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate, HVWDownloadImageOperationDelegate> @property(nonatomic, strong) NSArray *apps; @property(nonatomic, strong) NSOperationQueue *queue; @property(nonatomic, strong) NSMutableDictionary *operations;
@property(nonatomic, strong) NSMutableDictionary *images; @end @implementation ViewController - (NSArray *)apps {
if (nil == _apps) {
NSArray *dictArray = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"apps.plist" ofType:nil]]; NSMutableArray *appArray = [NSMutableArray array];
for (NSDictionary *dict in dictArray) {
HVWApp *app = [HVWApp appWithDictionary:dict];
[appArray addObject:app];
}
_apps = appArray;
}
return _apps;
} - (NSOperationQueue *)queue {
if (_queue == nil ) {
_queue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init];
_queue.maxConcurrentOperationCount = 3;
}
return _queue;
} - (NSMutableDictionary *)operations {
if (nil == _operations) {
_operations = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
}
return _operations;
} - (NSMutableDictionary *)images {
if (nil == _images) {
_images = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
}
return _images;
} - (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
} - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
[super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
} #pragma mark - tableViewDatasource
- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView {
return 1;
} - (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section {
return self.apps.count;
} - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
static NSString *ID = @"AppCell";
UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:ID]; if (nil == cell) {
cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleValue1 reuseIdentifier:ID];
} HVWApp *app = self.apps[indexPath.row];
cell.textLabel.text = app.name;
cell.detailTextLabel.text = app.download; // 占位图片
cell.imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"a9ec8a13632762d0092abc3ca2ec08fa513dc619"]; // 假设没有图片,准备开启线程下载图片
UIImage *image = self.images[app.icon]; if (image) {
// 假设图片存在,不须要反复下载,直接设置图片
cell.imageView.image = image;
} else { // 假设图片不存在。看看是不是正在下载
HVWDownloadImageOperation *operation = self.operations[app.icon]; if (operation) {
// 假设图片正在下载,不必要开启线的线程再进行下载
} else { // 没有在下载,创建一个新的任务进行下载
operation = [[HVWDownloadImageOperation alloc] init];
// 设置代理
operation.delegate = self;
// 传送url
operation.url = app.icon;
// 记录indexPath
operation.indexPath = indexPath; [self.queue addOperation:operation]; // 记录正在下载的任务
[self.operations setObject:operation forKey:operation.url];
}
} return cell;
} #pragma mark - HVWDownloadImageOperationDelegate
- (void)downloadImageOperation:(HVWDownloadImageOperation *)operation didFinishedDownloadWithImage:(UIImage *)image {
UITableViewCell *cell = [self.tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:operation.indexPath];
cell.imageView.image = image;
[self.tableView reloadRowsAtIndexPaths:@[operation.indexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationNone]; // 存储图片到内存
if (image) {
[self.images setObject:image forKey:operation.url];
} NSLog(@"已经下载的图片数==========>%d", self.images.count);
} @end
郝萌主倾心贡献,尊重作者的劳动成果。请勿转载。
假设文章对您有所帮助。欢迎给作者捐赠。支持郝萌主,捐赠数额任意,重在心意^_^
我要捐赠: 点击捐赠
Cocos2d-X源代码下载:点我传送
游戏官方下载:http://dwz.cn/RwTjl
游戏视频预览:http://dwz.cn/RzHHd
游戏开发博客:http://dwz.cn/RzJzI
游戏源代码传送:http://dwz.cn/Nret1