MySQL Server类型之MySQL客户端工具的下载、安装和使用

本博文的主要内容有

　　.MySQL Server 5.5系列的下载

　　.MySQL Server 5.5系列的安装

　　.MySQL Server 5.5系列的使用

　　.MySQL Server 5.5系列的卸载

注意啊！

　　对于noinstall方式安装的MySQL，系统的参数配置、服务的启动和关闭都需要手工在命令窗口中完成。

　　对于图形化方式安装的MySQL，提供了一个图形化的实例配置向导，可以引导用户逐步进行实例参数的配置。

说明　　

　　首先，说明，在mysql官网里，没有mysqlSetup.exe，这是自行修改的命名。

1、MySQL Server 5.5系列的下载

http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.0.html#linux

http://www.mysql.com/

J　　进入MySQL的官方网站

　　点击“Downloads”。

　　首先在“Select Platform”下拉菜单中选择“Microsoft Windows”平台，然后单击"Windows (x86,32bit)"，MSI Installer

选项右边的Download按钮，下载32位的MySQL安装软件。

　　http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/windows/installer/5.5.html

注意，MySQL  5.5是公认的稳定版本。

2、MySQL Server 5.5系列的安装

1、新建MySQL Server目录

2、安装：双击Setup.exe文件，开始mysql的安装。出现下面的窗口

3、点击Next开始下一步安装。默认是Typical，选择Custom，（因为Typical模式不允许改变安装路径，只能安装在C盘）

4、这里需要选择组件和更改文件夹位置，组件可以默认的，位置要选择Change来改变（

注意：安装mysql的路径中，不能含有中文）

5、点击Install开始安装

6、安装完成，看到下面。当然，我们选择“Skip Sign-Up”。

7、点击完成“Finsh”

8、现在开始配置的工作了。点击Next继续。

选择Detailed Configuration，点Next。

9、下面这个选项是选择mysql应用类型

（第一种是开发服务器，将只用尽量少的内存，第二种是普通WEB服务器，将使用中等数量内存，最后一种是这台服务器上面只跑mysql数据库，将占用全部的内存，）这里示例选择开发服务器，占用尽量少的内存，用户可根据自己的需求，选择其他选项。这里，选择“Developer machine”

10、接下来选择数据库用途，

（第一种是多功能用途，将把数据库优化成很好的innodb存储类型和高效率的myisam存储类型，第二种是只用于事务处理类型，最好的优化innodb，但同时也支持myisam，最后一种是非事务处理类型，适合于简单的应用，只有不支持事务的myisam类型是被支持的。）一般选择第一种多功能。这里，选择“Multifunctional Database”。

11、下面是选择数据存放位置，默认。 选择“Next”

12、选择mysql允许的最大连接数，第一种是最大20个连接并发数，第二种是最大500个并发连接数，最后一种是自定义，你可以根据自己的需要选择。

我这里，选择“Decision Support(DSS)/OLAP”。

13、下面是选择数据库监听的端口，一般默认是3306，如果改成其他端口，以后连接数据库的时候都要记住修改的端口，否则不能连接mysql数据库，比较麻烦，这里不做修改，用mysq的默认端口：3306。接下来默认latin1。

　　但是呢，这里，

MySQL Workbench类型之MySQL客户端工具的下载、安装和使用

　　已经安装过一个MySQL客户端了。（它已经占据了3306端口）。

　　所以，这里，选择“”。

　　

14、西文编码，第二个是多字节的通用utf8编码，都不是我们通用的编码，这里选择第三个，然后在Character Set那里选择或填入“gbk”，当然也可以用“gb2312”，区别就是gbk的字库容量大，包括了gb2312的所有汉字，并且加上了繁体字、和其它 乱七八糟的字——使用mysql的时候，在执行数据操作命令之前运行一次“SET NAMES GBK;”（运行一次就行了，GBK可以替换为其它值，视这里的设置而定），就可以正常的使用汉字（或其它文字）了，否则不能正常显示汉字。当然我们脚本 是utf8编码也可以在者选择，也可以在创建数据库的时候选择按 “Next”继续。

15、选择是否将mysql安装为windows服务，还可以指定Service Name（服务标识名称），是否将mysql的bin目录加入到Windows PATH（加入后，就可以直接使用bin下的文件，而不用指出目录名，比如连接，“mysql.exe -uusername -ppassword;”就可以了，不用指出mysql.exe的完整地址，很方便），我这里全部打上了勾，Service Name不变。按“Next”继续。选择是否将mysql安装为windows服务，还可以指定Service Name（服务标识名称），是否将mysql的bin目录加入到Windows PATH（加入后，就可以直接使用bin下的文件，而不用指出目录名，比如连接，“mysql.exe -uusername -ppassword;”就可以了，不用指出mysql.exe的完整地址，很方便），我这里全部打上了勾，Service Name改变。按“Next”继续。

　　由于，

　　所以，这里选择“MySQL5”。

也是为了与MySQL Server 5.0方便对应！

16、这一步询问是否要修改默认root用户（超级管理）的密码（默认为空），“New root password”如果要修改，就在此填入新密码（如果是重装，并且之前已经设置了密码，在这里更改密码可能会出错，请留空，并将“Modify Security Settings”前面的勾去掉，安装配置完成后另行修改密码），“Confirm（再输一遍）”内再填一次，防止输错。 “Enable root access from remote machines（是否允许root用户在其它的机器上登陆，如果要安全，就不要勾上，如果要方便，就勾上它）”。最后“Create An Anonymous Account（新建一个匿名用户，匿名用户可以连接数据库，不能操作数据，包括查询）”，一般就不用勾了，设置完毕，按“Next”继续。

17、确认设置无误，如果有误，按“Back”返回检查。按“Execute”使设置生效。

需要一段时间...

18、设置完毕，按“Finish”结束mysql的安装与配置——这里有一个比较常见的错误，就是不能“Start service”，一般出现在以前有安装mysql的服务器上， 解决的办法，先保证以前安装的mysql服务器彻底卸载掉了；不行的话，检查是否按上面一步所说，之前的密码是否有修改，照上面的操作；如果依然还是不行，将 mysql安装目录下的data文件夹备份，然后删除，在安装完成后，将安装生成的 data文件夹删除，备份的data文件夹移回来，再重启mysql服务就可以了，这种情况下，可能需要将数据库检查一下，然后修复一次，防止数据出错。

容易出现的问题：mysql 安装到最后一步时,start service 为失败状态。

• ·  解决方法：
• 方式1  MySQL安装是出现could not start the service mysql error:0 提示错误，解决方法：  首 先，在管理工具->服务里面将MySQL的服务给停止，然后打开cmd 进入你的MySQL bin目录下，例如 C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin 然后使用如下命令mysqld-nt -remove 然后就会显示......success! 好了下面进入添加删除程序，找到MySQL选择卸载，记得选择remove。最后将MySQL目录删除，还有数据库的目录也删除
• ·  方式2
• 查看服务中有没有mysql,如果有将该服务停掉; 安装mysql 5.1.33,在运行Server Instance Configuration wizard时的Execute configurattion步骤中的第三项Start Service进出错,错误提示为Could not start the service MySQL (出现这种情况一般是因为装过mysql，卸载不干净造成的。卸载后重启后再重装。注意看下服务，如果未能卸载，可以用mysqld-nt -remove卸载)
• 在控制面板中运行添加删除程序，将mysql卸载; 卸载后打开注册表，查看
• HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services 下的键值，如果有相关mysql键值(mysql、mysqladmin)则删掉，即可;
• 重启，将mysql的安装残余目录删掉 (查看服务，此时服务中已没有mysql); 重新安装mysql.安装后先不要运行Server Instance Configuration wizard，重启后在开始菜单中运行该向导，即可

　　　在这里啊，安装好MySQL 之后，默认生产的文件情况，如下：

　其中，

　　　我这里，安装之后，默认产生的my.ini配置文件的内容如下：

# MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generated by the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard
#
#
# Installation Instructions
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# On Linux you can copy this file to /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options
# (@localstatedir@ for this installation) or to
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# On Windows you should keep this file in the installation directory
# of your server (e.g. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y). To
# make sure the server reads the config file use the startup option
# "--defaults-file".
#
# To run run the server from the command line, execute this in a
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# To install the server as a Windows service manually, execute this in a
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --install MySQLXY --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# And then execute this in a command line shell to start the server, e.g.
# net start MySQLXY
#
#
# Guildlines for editing this file
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that the program supports.
# If you want to know the options a program supports, start the program
# with the "--help" option.
#
# More detailed information about the individual options can also be
# found in the manual.
#
#
# CLIENT SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
# Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
# to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
# honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
# MySQL client library initialization.
#
[client]

port=3309

[mysql]

default-character-set=latin1

# SERVER SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
# you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this
# file.
#
[mysqld]

# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
port=3309

#Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
basedir="D:/SoftWare/MySQL Server/MySQL Server 5.0/"

#Path to the database root
datadir="D:/SoftWare/MySQL Server/MySQL Server 5.0/Data/"

# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
# created and no character set is defined
default-character-set=latin1

# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
default-storage-engine=INNODB

# Set the SQL mode to strict
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
# allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
# SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
# connection limit has been reached.
max_connections=100

# Query cache is used to cache SELECT results and later return them
# without actual executing the same query once again. Having the query
# cache enabled may result in significant speed improvements, if your
# have a lot of identical queries and rarely changing tables. See the
# "Qcache_lowmem_prunes" status variable to check if the current value
# is high enough for your load.
# Note: In case your tables change very often or if your queries are
# textually different every time, the query cache may result in a
# slowdown instead of a performance improvement.
query_cache_size=0

# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
# section [mysqld_safe]
table_cache=256

# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
# grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
# based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
# of them.
tmp_table_size=5M

# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
# disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't
# more than thread_cache_size threads from before. This greatly reduces
# the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new
# connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance
# improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)
thread_cache_size=8

#*** MyISAM Specific options

# The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while
# recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE.
# If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created
# through the key cache (which is slower).
myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G

# If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger
# than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the
# key cache method. This is mainly used to force long character keys in
# large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.
myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size=100G

# If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger
# than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the
# key cache method. This is mainly used to force long character keys in
# large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.
myisam_sort_buffer_size=8M

# Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
# Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
# is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using
# MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
# used for internal temporary disk tables.
key_buffer_size=8M

# Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables.
# Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
read_buffer_size=64K
read_rnd_buffer_size=256K

# This buffer is allocated when MySQL needs to rebuild the index in
# REPAIR, OPTIMZE, ALTER table statements as well as in LOAD DATA INFILE
# into an empty table. It is allocated per thread so be careful with
# large settings.
sort_buffer_size=212K

#*** INNODB Specific options ***

# Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled
# but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space
# and speed up some things.
#skip-innodb

# Additional memory pool that is used by InnoDB to store metadata
# information. If InnoDB requires more memory for this purpose it will
# start to allocate it from the OS. As this is fast enough on most
# recent operating systems, you normally do not need to change this
# value. SHOW INNODB STATUS will display the current amount used.
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=2M

# If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the
# disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are
# willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small
# transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the
# logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and
# the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2
# means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log
# file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second.
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

# The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as
# it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed
# once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large
# (even with long transactions).
innodb_log_buffer_size=1M

# InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and
# row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to
# access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this
# parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it
# too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may
# cause paging in the operating system. Note that on 32bit systems you
# might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not
# set it too high.
innodb_buffer_pool_size=8M

# Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size
# of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid
# unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However,
# note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the
# recovery process.
innodb_log_file_size=10M

# Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value
# depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS
# scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing.
innodb_thread_concurrency=10

　　点击“Finish”按钮后，安装过程全部完成。这时可以发现，Windows的服务列表中已经增加了“MySQL5”这一选项。

可以通过启动、停止这个服务来启动和关闭MySQL。

3、MySQL Server 5.5系列的使用

　　因为，这是对于采用图形化方式安装的MySQL，可以直接通过Windows的“开始”菜单  --> “控制面板” --> "管理工具" --> “服务”菜单。

来启动和关闭MySQL5。

　　

　　当然，也可以，通过命令行来，手工启动和关闭MySQL5服务。

这里，学会使用技巧，

在命令提示符（cmd）下怎样复制粘贴（详细版）

http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/1876c852bcab82890b13768f.html

版权所有 (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。

C:\Users\Administrator>cd /d D:\

D:\>cd D:\SoftWare\MySQL Server\MySQL Server 5.0\bin

D:\SoftWare\MySQL Server\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>net stop mysql5  （默认开机，mysql5服务是启动的）
MySQL5 服务正在停止..
MySQL5 服务已成功停止。

D:\SoftWare\MySQL Server\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>net start mysql5
MySQL5 服务正在启动 .
MySQL5 服务已经启动成功。

D:\SoftWare\MySQL Server\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ********         （rootroot）
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1 to server version: 5.0.22-community-nt

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql>

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

得到，默认，是以上的一些数据库。

4、MySQL Server 5.5系列的卸载

　　　　路径优点出入，自行对比参考。

感谢下面博主：

http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoxiaojia/p/5366704.html

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