MyBatis多数据源配置(读写分离)
首先说明,本文的配置使用的最直接的方式,实际用起来可能会很麻烦。
实际应用中可能存在多种结合的情况,你可以理解本文的含义,不要死板的使用。
多数据源的可能情况
1.主从
通常是MySQL一主多从的情况,本文的例子就是主从的情况,但是只有两个数据源,所以采用直接配置不会太麻烦,但是不利于后续扩展,主要是作为一个例子来说明,实际操作请慎重考虑。
2.分库
当业务独立性强,数据量大的时候的,为了提高并发,可能会对表进行分库,分库后,每一个数据库都需要配置一个数据源。
这种情况可以参考本文,但是需要注意每一个数据库对应的Mapper要在不同的包下方便区分和配置。
另外分库的情况下也会存在主从的情况,如果你的数据库从库过多,就参考上面提供的方法,或者寻找其他方式解决。
Mapper分包
分库的情况下,不同的数据库的Mapper一定放在不同的包下。
主从的情况下,同一个Mapper会同时存在读写的情况,创建两个并不合适,使用同一个即可。但是这种情况下需要注意,Spring对Mapper自动生成的名字是相同的,而且类型也相同,这是就不能直接注入Mapper接口。需要通过SqlSession来解决。
Spring基础配置
applicationContext.xml
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
< context:component-scan base-package = "com.isea533.mybatis.service" />
< context:property-placeholder location = "classpath:config.properties" />
< aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
< import resource = "spring-datasource-master.xml" />
< import resource = "spring-datasource-slave.xml" />
</ beans >
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这个文件,主要是引入了spring-datasource-master.xml和spring-datasource-slave.xml。
spring-datasource-master.xml
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
< bean id = "dataSourceMaster" class = "com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
init-method = "init" destroy-method = "close" >
< property name = "driverClassName" value = "${master.jdbc.driverClass}" />
< property name = "url" value = "${master.jdbc.url}" />
< property name = "username" value = "${master.jdbc.user}" />
< property name = "password" value = "${master.jdbc.password}" />
< property name = "filters" value = "stat" />
< property name = "maxActive" value = "20" />
< property name = "initialSize" value = "1" />
< property name = "maxWait" value = "60000" />
< property name = "minIdle" value = "1" />
< property name = "timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value = "60000" />
< property name = "minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value = "300000" />
< property name = "validationQuery" value = "SELECT 'x'" />
< property name = "testWhileIdle" value = "true" />
< property name = "testOnBorrow" value = "false" />
< property name = "testOnReturn" value = "false" />
</ bean >
< bean id = "sqlSessionFactory1"
class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" >
< property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceMaster" />
< property name = "mapperLocations" >
< array >
< value >classpath:mapper/*.xml</ value >
</ array >
</ property >
</ bean >
< bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" >
< property name = "basePackage" value = "com.isea533.mybatis.mapper" />
< property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory1" />
</ bean >
< bean id = "sqlSessionMaster" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate" scope = "prototype" >
< constructor-arg index = "0" ref = "sqlSessionFactory1" />
</ bean >
< aop:config >
< aop:pointcut id = "appService"
expression = "execution(* com.isea533.mybatis.service..*Service*.*(..))" />
< aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice1" pointcut-ref = "appService" />
</ aop:config >
< tx:advice id = "txAdvice1" transaction-manager = "transactionManager1" >
< tx:attributes >
< tx:method name = "select*" read-only = "true" />
< tx:method name = "find*" read-only = "true" />
< tx:method name = "get*" read-only = "true" />
< tx:method name = "*" />
</ tx:attributes >
</ tx:advice >
< bean id = "transactionManager1"
class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
< property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceMaster" />
</ bean >
</ beans >
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spring-datasource-slave.xml
和master区别不大,主要是id名字和数据源配置有区别。
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
< bean id = "dataSourceSlave" class = "com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
init-method = "init" destroy-method = "close" >
< property name = "driverClassName" value = "${slave.jdbc.driverClass}" />
< property name = "url" value = "${slave.jdbc.url}" />
< property name = "username" value = "${slave.jdbc.user}" />
< property name = "password" value = "${slave.jdbc.password}" />
< property name = "filters" value = "stat" />
< property name = "maxActive" value = "20" />
< property name = "initialSize" value = "1" />
< property name = "maxWait" value = "60000" />
< property name = "minIdle" value = "1" />
< property name = "timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value = "60000" />
< property name = "minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value = "300000" />
< property name = "validationQuery" value = "SELECT 'x'" />
< property name = "testWhileIdle" value = "true" />
< property name = "testOnBorrow" value = "false" />
< property name = "testOnReturn" value = "false" />
</ bean >
< bean id = "sqlSessionFactory2"
class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" >
< property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceSlave" />
< property name = "mapperLocations" >
< array >
< value >classpath:mapper/*.xml</ value >
</ array >
</ property >
</ bean >
< bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" >
< property name = "basePackage" value = "com.isea533.mybatis.mapper" />
< property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory2" />
</ bean >
< bean id = "sqlSessionSlave" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate" scope = "prototype" >
< constructor-arg index = "0" ref = "sqlSessionFactory2" />
</ bean >
< aop:config >
< aop:pointcut id = "appService"
expression = "execution(* com.isea533.mybatis.service..*Service*.*(..))" />
< aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice2" pointcut-ref = "appService" />
</ aop:config >
< tx:advice id = "txAdvice2" transaction-manager = "transactionManager2" >
< tx:attributes >
< tx:method name = "*" read-only = "true" />
</ tx:attributes >
</ tx:advice >
< bean id = "transactionManager2"
class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
< property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceSlave" />
</ bean >
</ beans >
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这里需要注意<tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/>是只读的。如果不是从库,可以按主库进行配置。
在下面代码中:
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< bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" >
< property name = "basePackage" value = "com.isea533.mybatis.mapper" />
< property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory2" />
</ bean >
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必须通过sqlSessionFactoryBeanName来指定不同的sqlSessionFactory。
config.properties
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# 数据库配置 - Master
master.jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
master.jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql: //192.168.1.11:3306/test
master.jdbc.user = root
master.jdbc.password = jj
# - Slave
slave.jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
slave.jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql: //192.168.1.22:3306/test
slave.jdbc.user = root
slave.jdbc.password = jj
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使用Mapper
这里是针对主从的情况进行设置的,两个配置扫描的Mapper是一样的,所以没法直接注入,需要通过下面的麻烦方式注入。
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@Service
public class DemoService {
private CountryMapper writeMapper;
private CountryMapper readMapper;
@Resource (name = "sqlSessionMaster" )
public void setWriteMapper(SqlSession sqlSession) {
this .writeMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CountryMapper. class );
}
@Resource (name = "sqlSessionSlave" )
public void setReadMapper(SqlSession sqlSession) {
this .readMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CountryMapper. class );
}
public int save(Country country){
return writeMapper.insert(country);
}
public List<Country> selectPage( int pageNum, int pageSize) {
PageHelper.startPage(pageNum, pageSize);
return readMapper.select( null );
}
}
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因为sqlSession能通过name区分开,所以这里从sqlSession获取Mapper。
另外如果需要考虑在同一个事务中写读的时候,需要使用相同的writeMapper,这样在读的时候,才能获取事务中的最新数据。
以上是主从的情况。
在分库的情况时,由于不同Mapper在不同的包下,所以可以直接使用@Resource或者@Autowired注入Mapper,不需要通过sqlSession获取。
本篇文章,只是一个多数据源的参考,实际应用时,请根据自己的情况进行考虑。
后续,我会利用业余时间,在本文和上面两个相关链接的基础上,针对MySql多数据源,尝试开发可以自动切换数据源的插件,因为我对这方面的实际应用不是很熟,所以欢迎大家留言分享自己的解决方案,对这些了解的越多,就越有可能开发出通用的数据源切换插件。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/isea533/article/details/46815385