购物商城学习--第二讲(maven工程介绍)

接下来第二讲介绍整体工程如何使用maven搭建的。

使用maven管理工程的好处：

• jar包的管理；
• 工程之间的依赖管理；
• 自动打包

maven常见打包方式：jar、war和pom三种。jar工程，是pom工程的子工程，由pom工程来管理；war工程，是web工程放到web服务器下运行的工程；pom工程一般都是父工程，用于管理jar包版本，maven插件版本和统一的依赖管理，是一个聚合工程。

商城的maven目录结构如下图所示：

首先创建tmall-parent聚合工程，在eclipse中新建maven工程，如下图所示，注意标识出来的方框需要勾选：

在点击下一步之后，弹出以下界面，输出对于土办法group id和artifact id，打包方式选择pom，如下图所示：

点击finish完成，则生成如下maven聚合工程：

在tmall-parent工程中只统一管理jar包版本，不实际依赖工程，注意此处为dependencyManagement节点，只管理版本。对应pom文件如下图所示：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
  <artifactId>tmall-parent</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  <!-- 集中定义依赖版本号 -->
  <properties>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version>
        <mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15</mybatis.paginator.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.32</mysql.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version>
        <jackson.version>2.4.2</jackson.version>
        <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
        <httpclient.version>4.3.5</httpclient.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
        <jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
        <joda-time.version>2.5</joda-time.version>
        <commons-lang3.version>3.3.2</commons-lang3.version>
        <commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version>
        <commons-net.version>3.3</commons-net.version>
        <pagehelper.version>5.1.6</pagehelper.version>
        <jsqlparser.version>0.9.1</jsqlparser.version>
        <commons-fileupload.version>1.3.1</commons-fileupload.version>
        <jedis.version>2.7.2</jedis.version>
        <solrj.version>4.10.3</solrj.version>
        <dubbo.version>2.5.3</dubbo.version>
        <zookeeper.version>3.4.7</zookeeper.version>
        <zkclient.version>0.1</zkclient.version>
        <activemq.version>5.11.2</activemq.version>
        <freemarker.version>2.3.23</freemarker.version>
        <quartz.version>2.2.2</quartz.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- 时间操作组件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
                <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
                <version>${joda-time.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Apache工具组件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-io.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-net</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-net.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Jackson Json处理工具包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
                <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
                <version>${jackson.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- httpclient -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
                <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
                <version>${httpclient.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- quartz任务调度框架 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
                <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
                <version>${quartz.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 单元测试 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 日志处理 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Mybatis -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.miemiedev</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-paginator</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.paginator.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
                <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
                <version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- MySql -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 连接池 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Spring -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- JSP相关 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>jstl</groupId>
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                <version>${jstl.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                <version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 文件上传组件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Redis客户端 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
                <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
                <version>${jedis.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- solr客户端 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>
                <artifactId>solr-solrj</artifactId>
                <version>${solrj.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- dubbo相关 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                <version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>${zkclient.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
                <artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
                <version>${activemq.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
                <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
                <version>${freemarker.version}</version>
            </dependency>

        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 资源文件拷贝插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.7</version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- java编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.6.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

创建完tmall-parent工程之后，接下来创建tmall-common工程，注意创建时是创建maven工程，而不是maven模块，模块是子工程，与父工程具有依赖关系。针对maven project和maven module的区别可以参见https://blog.csdn.net/J080624/article/details/81067587。如果是创建maven工程，tmall-common工程需要依赖tmall-parent中的jar包版本关系，在层级上与tmall-parent是同一层级的，创建如下所示：

对应tmall-common工程的pom文件如下所示：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
    <artifactId>tmall-parent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>tmall-common</artifactId>
  <dependencies>
          <!-- 时间操作组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
            <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Apache工具组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-net</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Jackson Json处理工具包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- httpclient -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- quartz任务调度框架 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日志处理 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

接下来创建tmall-manager工程，这是个聚合工程，依赖tmall-parent工程。

在pom.xml文件中添加对tmall-common工程的依赖关系，如下图所示：

然后添加当前manager工程的四个聚合模块，dao、pojo、interface和service。首先添加dao模块，在taotao-manager工程上右键，在右键菜单New-->Other，创建maven module，如下图所示：

点击“finish”按钮即可完成jar包打包方式的创建，接下来创建pojo，类似过程，不再介绍。

打开tmall-dao工程的pom文件，添加对tmall-pojo工程、mybatis、mysql、分页以及数据池的支持，修改文件如下所示：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
    <artifactId>tmall-manager</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>tmall-manager-dao</artifactId>
  <dependencies>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
        <artifactId>tmall-manager-pojo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- Mybatis -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.miemiedev</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-paginator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
        <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- MySql -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 连接池 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

接下来创建tmall-interface模块，与tmall-dao类似，接口工程添加对pojo的依赖，pom文件如下图所示：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
    <artifactId>tmall-manager</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>tmall-manager-interface</artifactId>
  <dependencies>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
          <artifactId>tmall-pojo</artifactId>
          <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

接着创建tmall-service模块，打包方式为war包，创建maven工程如下所示：

因为tmall-service模块是以war包方式需要部署到web服务器上，确认下是否含有web.xml文件，如果没有需要在tmall-service模块下创建，如下图所示：

web.xml文件内容如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
 id="WebApp_ID"
 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
 http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
 <display-name>taotao-manager</display-name>
 <welcome-file-list>
     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
 </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

tmall-service模块需要添加对dao层的依赖，以及spring相关组件的依赖，修改pom.xml文件，如下所示：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
    http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
    <artifactId>tmall-manager</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>tmall-manager-service</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <dependencies>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
        <artifactId>tmall-manager-dao</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- Spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

创建完tmall-manager工程，接下来创建tmall-manager-web表现层工程，如下图所示：

创建对应web.xml文件，如tmall-manager-service模块所示。web工程的pom文件添加对common工程以及jsp、spring相关模块的依赖。如下所示：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
    <artifactId>tmall-parent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>tmall-manager-web</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- 依赖taotao-common -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.tmall</groupId>
        <artifactId>tmall-common</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
      <!-- Spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- JSP相关 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

</project>

到此，所有maven相关项目搭建已经完成。