本文主要介绍了数据处理方面的内容,希望大家仔细阅读。
一、数据分析
得到了以下列字符串开头的文本数据,我们需要进行处理
二、回滚
我们需要对httperror的数据进行再处理
因为代码的原因,具体可见本系列文章(二),会导致文本里面同一个id连续出现几次httperror记录:
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/ / httperror265001_266001.txt
265002 httperror
265002 httperror
265002 httperror
265002 httperror
265003 httperror
265003 httperror
265003 httperror
265003 httperror
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所以我们在代码里要考虑这种情形,不能每一行的id都进行处理,是判断是否重复的id。
java里面有缓存方法可以避免频繁读取硬盘上的文件,python其实也有,可以见这篇文章。
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def main():
reload (sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding( 'utf-8' )
global sexRe,timeRe,notexistRe,url1,url2,file1,file2,file3,file4,startNum,endNum,file5
sexRe = re. compile (u 'em>\u6027\u522b</em>(.*?)</li' )
timeRe = re. compile (u 'em>\u4e0a\u6b21\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4</em>(.*?)</li' )
notexistRe = re. compile (u '(p>)\u62b1\u6b49\uff0c\u60a8\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<' )
url1 = 'http://rs.xidian.edu.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=%s'
url2 = 'http://rs.xidian.edu.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=%s&do=profile'
file1 = 'ruisi\\correct_re.txt'
file2 = 'ruisi\\errTime_re.txt'
file3 = 'ruisi\\notexist_re.txt'
file4 = 'ruisi\\unkownsex_re.txt'
file5 = 'ruisi\\httperror_re.txt'
#遍历文件夹里面以httperror开头的文本
for filename in os.listdir(r 'E:\pythonProject\ruisi' ):
if filename.startswith( 'httperror' ):
count = 0
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
readFile = open (newName, 'r' )
oldLine = '0'
for line in readFile:
#newLine 用来比较是否是重复的id
newLine = line
if (newLine ! = oldLine):
nu = newLine.split()[ 0 ]
oldLine = newLine
count + = 1
searchWeb(( int (nu),))
print "%s deal %s lines" % (filename, count)
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本代码为了简便,没有再把httperror的那些id分类,直接存储为下面这5个文件里
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file1 = 'ruisi\\correct_re.txt'
file2 = 'ruisi\\errTime_re.txt'
file3 = 'ruisi\\notexist_re.txt'
file4 = 'ruisi\\unkownsex_re.txt'
file5 = 'ruisi\\httperror_re.txt'
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可以看下输出Log记录,总共处理了多少个httperror的数据。
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"D:\Program Files\Python27\python.exe" E: / pythonProject / webCrawler / reload .py
httperror132001 - 133001.txt deal 21 lines
httperror2001 - 3001.txt deal 4 lines
httperror251001 - 252001.txt deal 5 lines
httperror254001 - 255001.txt deal 1 lines
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三、单线程统计unkownsex 数据
代码简单,我们利用单线程统计一下unkownsex(由于权限原因无法获取、或者该用户没有填写)的用户。另外,经过我们检查,没有性别的用户也是没有活动时间的。
数据格式如下:
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253042 unkownsex
253087 unkownsex
253102 unkownsex
253118 unkownsex
253125 unkownsex
253136 unkownsex
253161 unkownsex
import os,time
sumCount = 0
startTime = time.clock()
for filename in os.listdir(r 'E:\pythonProject\ruisi' ):
if filename.startswith( 'unkownsex' ):
count = 0
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
readFile = open (newName, 'r' )
for line in open (newName):
count + = 1
sumCount + = 1
print "%s deal %s lines" % (filename, count)
print '%s unkowns sex' % (sumCount)
endTime = time.clock()
print "cost time " + str (endTime - startTime) + " s"
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处理速度很快,输出如下:
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unkownsex1 - 1001.txt deal 204 lines
unkownsex100001 - 101001.txt deal 50 lines
unkownsex10001 - 11001.txt deal 206 lines
#...省略中间输出信息
unkownsex99001 - 100001.txt deal 56 lines
unkownsex_re.txt deal 1085 lines
14223 unkowns sex
cost time 0.0813142301261 s
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四、单线程统计 correct 数据
数据格式如下:
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31024 男 2014-11-11 13:20
31283 男 2013-3-25 19:41
31340 保密 2015-2-2 15:17
31427 保密 2014-8-10 09:17
31475 保密 2013-7-2 08:59
31554 保密 2014-10-17 17:02
31621 男 2015-5-16 19:27
31872 保密 2015-1-11 16:49
31915 保密 2014-5-4 11:01
31997 保密 2015-5-16 20:14
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代码如下,实现思路就是一行一行读取,利用line.split()获取性别信息。sumCount 是统计一个多少人,boycount 、girlcount 、secretcount 分别统计男、女、保密的人数。我们还是利用unicode进行正则匹配。
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import os,sys,time
reload (sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding( 'utf-8' )
startTime = time.clock()
sumCount = 0
boycount = 0
girlcount = 0
secretcount = 0
for filename in os.listdir(r 'E:\pythonProject\ruisi' ):
if filename.startswith( 'correct' ):
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
readFile = open (newName, 'r' )
for line in readFile:
sexInfo = line.split()[ 1 ]
sumCount + = 1
if sexInfo = = u '\u7537' :
boycount + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u5973' :
girlcount + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u4fdd\u5bc6' :
secretcount + = 1
print "until %s, sum is %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" % (filename, boycount,girlcount,secretcount)
print "total is %s; %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" % (sumCount, boycount,girlcount,secretcount)
endTime = time.clock()
print "cost time " + str (endTime - startTime) + " s"
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注意,我们输出的是截止某个文件的统计信息,而不是单个文件的统计情况。输出结果如下:
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until correct1 - 1001.txt , sum is 110 boys; 7 girls; 414 secret;
until correct100001 - 101001.txt , sum is 125 boys; 13 girls; 542 secret;
#...省略
until correct99001 - 100001.txt , sum is 11070 boys; 3113 girls; 26636 secret;
until correct_re.txt, sum is 13937 boys; 4007 girls; 28941 secret;
total is 46885 ; 13937 boys; 4007 girls; 28941 secret;
cost time 3.60047888495 s
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五、多线程统计数据
为了更快统计,我们可以利用多线程。
作为对比,我们试下单线程需要的时间。
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# encoding: UTF-8
import threading
import time,os,sys
#全局变量
SUM = 0
BOY = 0
GIRL = 0
SECRET = 0
NUM = 0
#本来继承自threading.Thread,覆盖run()方法,用start()启动线程
#这和java里面很像
class StaFileList(threading.Thread):
#文本名称列表
fileList = []
def __init__( self , fileList):
threading.Thread.__init__( self )
self .fileList = fileList
def run( self ):
global SUM , BOY, GIRL, SECRET
#可以加上个耗时时间,这样多线程更加明显,而不是顺序的thread-1,2,3
#time.sleep(1)
#acquire获取锁
if mutex.acquire( 1 ):
self .staFiles( self .fileList)
#release释放锁
mutex.release()
#处理输入的files列表,统计男女人数
#注意这儿数据同步问题,global使用全局变量
def staFiles( self , files):
global SUM , BOY, GIRL, SECRET
for name in files:
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
readFile = open (newName, 'r' )
for line in readFile:
sexInfo = line.split()[ 1 ]
SUM + = 1
if sexInfo = = u '\u7537' :
BOY + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u5973' :
GIRL + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u4fdd\u5bc6' :
SECRET + = 1
# print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls;" \
# " %s secret;" %(self.name, name, SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET)
def test():
#files保存多个文件,可以设定一个线程处理多少个文件
files = []
#用来保存所有的线程,方便最后主线程等待所以子线程结束
staThreads = []
i = 0
for filename in os.listdir(r 'E:\pythonProject\ruisi' ):
#没获取10个文本,就创建一个线程
if filename.startswith( 'correct' ):
files.append(filename)
i + = 1
#一个线程处理20个文件
if i = = 20 :
staThreads.append(StaFileList(files))
files = []
i = 0
#最后剩余的files,很可能长度不足10个
if files:
staThreads.append(StaFileList(files))
for t in staThreads:
t.start()
# 主线程中等待所有子线程退出,如果不加这个,速度更快些?
for t in staThreads:
t.join()
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
reload (sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding( 'utf-8' )
startTime = time.clock()
mutex = threading.Lock()
test()
print "Multi Thread, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" % ( SUM , BOY,GIRL,SECRET)
endTime = time.clock()
print "cost time " + str (endTime - startTime) + " s"
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输出
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Multi Thread, total is 46885 ; 13937 boys; 4007 girls; 28941 secret;
cost time 0.132137192794 s
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我们发现时间和单线程差不多。因为这儿涉及到线程同步问题,获取锁和释放锁都是需要时间开销的,线程间切换保存中断和恢复中断也都是需要时间开销的。
六、较多数据的单线程和多线程对比
我们可以对correct、errTime 、unkownsex的文本都进行处理。
单线程代码
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# coding=utf-8
import os,sys,time
reload (sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding( 'utf-8' )
startTime = time.clock()
sumCount = 0
boycount = 0
girlcount = 0
secretcount = 0
unkowncount = 0
for filename in os.listdir(r 'E:\pythonProject\ruisi' ):
# 有性别、活动时间
if filename.startswith( 'correct' ) :
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
readFile = open (newName, 'r' )
for line in readFile:
sexInfo = line.split()[ 1 ]
sumCount + = 1
if sexInfo = = u '\u7537' :
boycount + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u5973' :
girlcount + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u4fdd\u5bc6' :
secretcount + = 1
# print "until %s, sum is %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" %(filename, boycount,girlcount,secretcount)
#没有活动时间,但是有性别
elif filename.startswith( "errTime" ):
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
readFile = open (newName, 'r' )
for line in readFile:
sexInfo = line.split()[ 1 ]
sumCount + = 1
if sexInfo = = u '\u7537' :
boycount + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u5973' :
girlcount + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u4fdd\u5bc6' :
secretcount + = 1
# print "until %s, sum is %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" %(filename, boycount,girlcount,secretcount)
#没有性别,也没有时间,直接统计行数
elif filename.startswith( "unkownsex" ):
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
# count = len(open(newName,'rU').readlines())
#对于大文件用循环方法,count 初始值为 -1 是为了应对空行的情况,最后+1得到0行
count = - 1
for count, line in enumerate ( open (newName, 'rU' )):
pass
count + = 1
unkowncount + = count
sumCount + = count
# print "until %s, sum is %s unkownsex" %(filename, unkowncount)
print "Single Thread, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls; %s secret; %s unkownsex;" % (sumCount, boycount,girlcount,secretcount,unkowncount)
endTime = time.clock()
print "cost time " + str (endTime - startTime) + " s"
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输出为
Single Thread, total is 61111; 13937 boys; 4009 girls; 28942 secret; 14223 unkownsex;
cost time 1.37444645628 s
多线程代码
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__author__ = 'admin'
# encoding: UTF-8
#多线程处理程序
import threading
import time,os,sys
#全局变量
SUM = 0
BOY = 0
GIRL = 0
SECRET = 0
UNKOWN = 0
class StaFileList(threading.Thread):
#文本名称列表
fileList = []
def __init__( self , fileList):
threading.Thread.__init__( self )
self .fileList = fileList
def run( self ):
global SUM , BOY, GIRL, SECRET
if mutex.acquire( 1 ):
self .staManyFiles( self .fileList)
mutex.release()
#处理输入的files列表,统计男女人数
#注意这儿数据同步问题
def staCorrectFiles( self , files):
global SUM , BOY, GIRL, SECRET
for name in files:
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
readFile = open (newName, 'r' )
for line in readFile:
sexInfo = line.split()[ 1 ]
SUM + = 1
if sexInfo = = u '\u7537' :
BOY + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u5973' :
GIRL + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u4fdd\u5bc6' :
SECRET + = 1
# print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls;" \
# " %s secret;" %(self.name, name, SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET)
def staManyFiles( self , files):
global SUM , BOY, GIRL, SECRET,UNKOWN
for name in files:
if name.startswith( 'correct' ) :
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
readFile = open (newName, 'r' )
for line in readFile:
sexInfo = line.split()[ 1 ]
SUM + = 1
if sexInfo = = u '\u7537' :
BOY + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u5973' :
GIRL + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u4fdd\u5bc6' :
SECRET + = 1
# print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls;" \
# " %s secret;" %(self.name, name, SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET)
#没有活动时间,但是有性别
elif name.startswith( "errTime" ):
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
readFile = open (newName, 'r' )
for line in readFile:
sexInfo = line.split()[ 1 ]
SUM + = 1
if sexInfo = = u '\u7537' :
BOY + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u5973' :
GIRL + = 1
elif sexInfo = = u '\u4fdd\u5bc6' :
SECRET + = 1
# print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls;" \
# " %s secret;" %(self.name, name, SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET)
#没有性别,也没有时间,直接统计行数
elif name.startswith( "unkownsex" ):
newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
# count = len(open(newName,'rU').readlines())
#对于大文件用循环方法,count 初始值为 -1 是为了应对空行的情况,最后+1得到0行
count = - 1
for count, line in enumerate ( open (newName, 'rU' )):
pass
count + = 1
UNKOWN + = count
SUM + = count
# print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s unkownsex" %(self.name, name, SUM, UNKOWN)
def test():
files = []
#用来保存所有的线程,方便最后主线程等待所以子线程结束
staThreads = []
i = 0
for filename in os.listdir(r 'E:\pythonProject\ruisi' ):
#没获取10个文本,就创建一个线程
if filename.startswith( "correct" ) or filename.startswith( "errTime" ) or filename.startswith( "unkownsex" ):
files.append(filename)
i + = 1
if i = = 20 :
staThreads.append(StaFileList(files))
files = []
i = 0
#最后剩余的files,很可能长度不足10个
if files:
staThreads.append(StaFileList(files))
for t in staThreads:
t.start()
# 主线程中等待所有子线程退出
for t in staThreads:
t.join()
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
reload (sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding( 'utf-8' )
startTime = time.clock()
mutex = threading.Lock()
test()
print "Multi Thread, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls; %s secret; %s unkownsex" % ( SUM , BOY,GIRL,SECRET,UNKOWN)
endTime = time.clock()
print "cost time " + str (endTime - startTime) + " s"
endTime = time.clock()
print "cost time " + str (endTime - startTime) + " s"
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输出为
Multi Thread, total is 61111; 13937 boys; 4009 girls; 28942 secret;
cost time 1.23049112201 s
可以看出多线程还是优于单线程的,由于使用的同步,数据统计是一直的。
注意python在类内部经常需要加上self,这点和java区别很大。
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def __init__( self , fileList):
threading.Thread.__init__( self )
self .fileList = fileList
def run( self ):
global SUM , BOY, GIRL, SECRET
if mutex.acquire( 1 ):
#调用类内部方法需要加self
self .staFiles( self .fileList)
mutex.release()
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total is 61111; 13937 boys; 4009 girls; 28942 secret; 14223 unkownsex;
cost time 1.25413238673 s
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。