学习总结:
1、数据类型
a、数据:表示一种状态
b、python不存在字符类型
c、可变与不可变
d、x = 10 既 x = int(10)
2、字符编码
3、文件处理
详细:
数据类型:
is关键字 内存空间是否一样 x = 12 y=13 x is y False
m=123 n=123 id(n) id(m) 一样 m is n True 因为python对于数据量小的情况下 都占用同一块空间
字符串:
优先掌握的操作:
按索引取值:
name = "egon";
print(name[0],type(name[0]));
print(name[-2]);
切片(顺头不顾尾,步长):
msg = "hello world";
print(msg[::-1]);
长度(len)--- 数字没有长度,字符串有长度
lenTest = "你好?怎么说呢";
print(len(lenTest));
成员运算 In not in
msg1 = "hello yangtong";
print("llo " in msg1);
移除空白 strip
//23423 234234
password = " 23423 234234 "
print(password.strip());
//23423 234234
password = "*********23423 234234**************"
print(password.strip("*"));
切分 split
user_info = "root:x:0:0:/root:/bin/bash"
print(user_info.split(":")[0]);
cmd = "put a.txt";
print(cmd.split())
filepath = "put /a/b/c/d/a.txt";
print(filepath.split(maxsplit = 1))
次要掌握的操作:
msg = " yangtong ";
print(msg.lstrip())
print(msg.rstrip())
什么开头 什么结尾
msg = "jiangziya_SB";
print(msg.startswith("jiangziya"));
print(msg.endswith("SB"))
replace
msg = "haohao have a girl,haohao is good;"
print(msg.replace("haohao","tong",1));
占位
print("%s %s" %('',123));
print("{} {}".format('',123))
print('{1}{0}'.format('',15))
print('{x},{y}'.format(y=13,x='hello'));
find rfind与index rindex
msg = "hello world"
# 是否有子字符串 相当于indexOf
print(msg.find('ell'))
# 找不到会报错 其他的和find一样
print(msg.index(''))
count
msg = 'hello world'
# 范围 顾头不顾尾
print(msg.count('l',0,4));
join
user_info = "root:x:0:0:asdasd"
l = user_info.split(":");
print(l);
test = ':'.join(l);
# 拼接按制定符号连接到一起
print(test);
center ljust rjust zerofill
user_info = "hello"
# ============hello=============
# =========================hello
# hello=========================
# 0000000000000000000000000hello
print(user_info.center(30,"="));
print(user_info.rjust(30,"="));
print(user_info.ljust(30,"="));
print(user_info.zfill(30));
其他
msg = "sdlfkj\tsdsdfsd"
# 控制制表符有几个
# sdlfkj sdsdfsd
print(msg.expandtabs(10))
msg = "abc bcd ksk"
# Abc bcd ksk
# ABC BCD KSK
# abc bcd ksk
# Abc Bcd Ksk
# ABC BCD KSK
print(msg.capitalize())
print(msg.upper());
print(msg.lower())
print(msg.title())
print(msg.swapcase())