本文实例讲述了android之camera用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下:
1.关于预览横竖差90度的问题
原因分析
经过查证和实验,可以证实:Android提供的SDK(android.hardware.Camera)里大概不能正常的使用竖屏(portrait layout)加载照相机,当用竖屏模式加载照相机时会产生以下情况:
①. 照相机成像左倾90度(倾斜);
②. 照相机成像长宽比例不对(失比)。
之所以是“大概”,原因是因为可能可以通过一些比较复杂的手段解决。如果以上成立,那为什么竖屏不能正常成像也就很显然了。为什么会产生这样的情况,请看下面的研究分析。
照相机在一般情况下是必须用landscape layout(横屏)的,可以证明,先写一个照相机(只要能preview就行),如果Manifest的activity里不加入android:screenOrientation="landscape",即默认了 android:screenOrientation="portrait"(竖屏),照相机preview时就会出现左倾90度的现象,并且失比。原因是这样的(我推测的),摄像头对照物的映射是Android底层固定了的,以landscape方式为正,并且产生大小为320*480的像,如果换成portrait方式了,摄像头还是产生320*480的像,然后分别对应的放入到一个480*320的屏内,显然会失比,然后根据竖、横屏的规则,就产生了左倾90度的情况。为了进一步证实我对失比原因的推测,我照相机内加载的SurfaceView调成了320*213,比例大概是(320:213)*1.5=(480:320),所成像结果如愿的形成左倾但是没有失比的状况,这就证实了我的想法。
综上可以看出,左倾是因为摄像头映射产生的,而失比是由于像素比例映射产生的。
解决方案
暂无好的解决方案,只能强制横屏,记载代码中加入
暂无好的解决方案,只能强制横屏,记载代码中加入
2.关于拍出来的照片不能正确成像,如绿屏,红绿相间,重叠等
原因分析
有的手机不支持parameter.setPictureSize(width,height)、parameters.setPreviewSize(width,height)方法,为了兼容性建议不设置这两个方法。
附:完整示例代码:
main.xml布局文件:
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
android:orientation = "vertical" >
< LinearLayout
xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
android:orientation = "vertical"
android:layout_weight = "2" >
< SurfaceView
android:id = "@+id/surfaceView"
android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "fill_parent" />
</ LinearLayout >
< LinearLayout
xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:orientation = "horizontal"
android:layout_weight = "1"
android:background = "@android:color/white"
android:layout_gravity = "center" >
< ImageButton android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "80dip"
android:id = "@+id/btnTakePicture"
android:layout_gravity = "center"
android:textSize = "30dip"
android:layout_weight = "1"
android:src = "@drawable/btn_take_pic" />
< ImageButton android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "80dip"
android:id = "@+id/btnAutoFocus"
android:layout_gravity = "center"
android:textSize = "30dip"
android:layout_weight = "1"
android:src = "@drawable/btn_auto_focus" />
</ LinearLayout >
</ LinearLayout >
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二、MainActivity拍照核心代码:
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package cn.itcast.takepicture;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.graphics.Bitmap.CompressFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder.Callback;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private ImageButton btnTakePicture = null ;
private ImageButton btnAutoFocus = null ;
private Camera camera = null ;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// 设置窗口标题
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
// 横屏
setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);
// 全屏显示
getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
// 当此窗口为用户可见时,保持设备常开,并保持亮度不变。
getWindow().addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
SurfaceView surfaceView = (SurfaceView) this
.findViewById(R.id.surfaceView);
surfaceView.getHolder()
.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
surfaceView.getHolder().setFixedSize( 320 , 240 ); // 设置分辨率
surfaceView.getHolder().addCallback( new SurfaceCallback());
btnTakePicture = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnTakePicture);
btnAutoFocus = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnAutoFocus);
btnTakePicture.setOnClickListener(onClickListener);
btnAutoFocus.setOnClickListener(onClickListener);
}
private final View.OnClickListener onClickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v == btnTakePicture) {
if (camera != null )
camera.takePicture( null , null , new TakePictureCallback()); // 拍照
} else if (v == btnAutoFocus) {
if (camera != null )
camera.autoFocus( null ); // 对焦
}
}
};
private final class SurfaceCallback implements Callback {
private boolean preview; // 是否正在预览
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
int height) {
}
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
try {
camera = Camera.open();
Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();
parameters.setPreviewFrameRate( 5 ); //每秒5帧
parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG); //设置照片的输出格式
parameters.set( "jpeg-quality" , 85 ); //照片质量
camera.setParameters(parameters);
camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
camera.startPreview();
preview = true ;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
if (camera != null ) {
if (preview) {
camera.stopPreview();
preview = false ;
}
camera.release();
camera = null ; // 记得释放
}
}
}
private final class TakePictureCallback implements PictureCallback {
public void onPictureTaken( byte [] data, Camera camera) {
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0 , data.length);
Matrix matrix= new Matrix();
//设置缩放
matrix.postScale( 0 .5f, 0 .5f);
bitmap=Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0 , 0 , bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), matrix, true );
File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),
System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg" );
try {
FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
bitmap.compress(CompressFormat.JPEG, 100 , outStream);
outStream.close();
camera.startPreview();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
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清单文件:
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< manifest xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package = "cn.itcast.takepicture"
android:versionCode = "1"
android:versionName = "1.0" >
< application
android:icon = "@drawable/icon"
android:label = "@string/app_name" >
< activity
android:label = "@string/app_name"
android:name = ".MainActivity" >
< intent-filter >
< action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
< category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</ intent-filter >
</ activity >
</ application >
< uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion = "7" />
< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.CAMERA" />
<!-- 在SDCard中创建与删除文件权限 -->
< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />
<!-- 往SDCard写入数据权限 -->
< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
</ manifest >
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希望本文所述对大家的Android程序设计有所帮助。