由于最近公司在用webform开发ERP，用到大量重复机械的代码，之前写了篇文章，懒人小工具：自动生成Model,Insert,Select,Delete以及导出Excel的方法,但是有人觉得这种方法很麻烦。其实我感觉确实是有点麻烦，麻烦在于字符串的拼接。
这种时候我想到了T4模板，用过EF的 DatabaseFirst自动生成实体的同学就明白，dbfirst 自带T4模板，之前我们在学习spring.net框架的时候，也有用过T4模板根据数映射到实体类自动创建仓储。T4模板其实还有很多应用的场景。
T4模板确实挺方便的，但是其实其中用过的原理和我之前做winform小工具差不多。都是根据数据字段和类型的映射生成实体。另外就是ado.net基础知识。
但是这种方法你得了解T4模板的基础语法。各有利弊，但是其实语法也不是很难.
先预览下扩展的界面，winform程序就不在乎美观不美观了...
现在添加了安装包，直接点击下一步就可以了，在桌面生成快捷方式，点击可用。
一、下面我就用最简单的方式用T4模板创建Model.
<#@ template language="C#" debug="True" hostspecific="True" #>
<#@ output extension=".cs" #>
<#@ assembly name="System.Data" #>
<#@ assembly name="System.xml" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Collections.Generic" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Data" #>
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using CMS.Utilities;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System;
namespace MyProject.Entities
{
<#
string connectionString = "server=.;database=databasename;uid=uid;pwd=123456";
string selectQuery = "select * from Team_";
string tableName="Team_";
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
conn.Open();
System.Data.DataTable schema = null;
SqlCommand selectcommand = new SqlCommand(selectQuery, conn);
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter(selectcommand);
System.Data.DataSet dss = new System.Data.DataSet();
sda.Fill(dss);
schema=dss.Tables[];
System.Data.DataTable dt = dss.Tables[];
System.Data.DataRow dr = dss.Tables[].Rows[];
SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(selectQuery,conn);
SqlDataAdapter ad = new SqlDataAdapter(command); #>
public class <#= tableName#>Biz
{
public class <#= tableName#>Model
{
<# foreach (DataColumn dc in dss.Tables[].Columns)
{ #>
private <#= dc.DataType.Name #> _<#= dc.ColumnName.Replace(dc.ColumnName[].ToString(), dc.ColumnName[].ToString().ToLower()) #>;
public <#= dc.DataType.Name #> <#= dc.ColumnName #>
{
get { return _<#= dc.ColumnName.Replace(dc.ColumnName[].ToString(), dc.ColumnName[].ToString().ToLower()) #>; }
set { _<#= dc.ColumnName.Replace(dc.ColumnName[].ToString(), dc.ColumnName[].ToString().ToLower()) #> = value; }
}
<# } #> } } }
这种方式是挺简单的。<#@ import namespace="System.Data" #>这段代码是引用命名空间，在你后台代码中用，也就是包括下面ado.net中需要引用的命名空间，基本都写在这里。用 <#...dosomething...#>这段就是不用展示出来的代码，其他的代码就是在你用T4模板生成的时候要用的代码。是不是很简单。上面的代码无需详细解释了吧,运用ado.net链接数据库，获取表字段和类型。Ctrl+S就自动生成了实体类。
根据模板生成的Model
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using CMS.Utilities;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System;
namespace MyProject.Entities
{ public class Team_Biz
{
public class Team_Model
{ private String _team_code;
public String Team_code
{
get { return _team_code; }
set { _team_code = value; }
} private String _team_name;
public String Team_name
{
get { return _team_name; }
set { _team_name = value; }
} private String _team_status;
public String Team_status
{
get { return _team_status; }
set { _team_status = value; }
} private String _team_user;
public String Team_user
{
get { return _team_user; }
set { _team_user = value; }
} private DateTime _team_date;
public DateTime Team_date
{
get { return _team_date; }
set { _team_date = value; }
}
} } }
二、T4数据库所有表生成所有实体。大同小异，注意细节。
<#@ template language="C#" debug="True" hostspecific="True" #>
<#@ assembly name="System.Data" #>
<#@ assembly name="System.xml" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Collections.Generic" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Data" #>
<#@ output extension=".cs" #>
using System;
namespace Test.T4
{
<#
string connectionString="data source=(local);initial catalog=musicstore;user id=sa;password=123456;";
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
conn.Open();
DataTable schema = conn.GetSchema("TABLES");
string strSql = "select * from @tableName";
SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(strSql,conn);
SqlDataAdapter ad = new SqlDataAdapter(command);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
foreach(DataRow row in schema.Rows)
{ #>
public class <#= row["TABLE_NAME"].ToString().Trim() #>
{ <#
ds.Tables.Clear();
command.CommandText = strSql.Replace("@tableName",row["TABLE_NAME"].ToString());
ad.FillSchema(ds, SchemaType.Mapped, row["TABLE_NAME"].ToString());
foreach (DataColumn dc in ds.Tables[].Columns)
{ #>
public <#= dc.DataType.Name #> <#= dc.ColumnName #> { get; set; }
<# } #>
}
<#
} #>
<# conn.Close(); #>
}
DataTable schema = conn.GetSchema("TABLES");是获取数据库所有表名，然后遍历所有表名遍历表字段和类型，根据这些表生成实体。
另外还有一种方法是用数据存储过程自动生成实体。这种方法就需要SQL的基础知识了。
三、存储过程生成表实体
SET ANSI_NULLS ON;
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON;
GO CREATE PROC [dbo].[p_db_wsp]
@dbname VARCHAR() , --数据库名
@path VARCHAR() , --实体类所在目录名，如D:/My/Models
@namespace VARCHAR() --实体类命名空间,默认值为Models
AS --判断数据库是否存在
IF ( DB_ID(@dbname) IS NOT NULL )
BEGIN
IF ( ISNULL(@namespace, '') = '' )
SET @namespace = 'Models';
-- 允许配置高级选项
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', ;
-- 重新配置
RECONFIGURE;
-- 启用Ole Automation Procedures
EXEC sp_configure 'Ole Automation Procedures', ;
-- 启用xp_cmdshell,可以向磁盘中写入文件
EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', ;
-- 重新配置
RECONFIGURE;
DECLARE @dbsql VARCHAR() ,
@tablename VARCHAR();
SET @dbsql = 'declare wsp cursor for select name from ' + @dbname
+ '..sysobjects where xtype=''u'' and name <>''sysdiagrams''';
EXEC(@dbsql);
OPEN wsp;
FETCH wsp INTO @tablename;--使用游标循环遍历数据库中每个表
WHILE ( @@fetch_status = )
BEGIN
--根据表中字段组合实体类中的字段和属性
DECLARE @nsql NVARCHAR() ,
@sql VARCHAR();
SET @nsql = 'select @s=isnull(@s+char(9)+''private '',''using System;'
+ CHAR() + 'using System.Collections.Generic;'
+ CHAR() + 'using System.Text;' + CHAR()
+ 'namespace ' + @namespace + CHAR() + '{' + CHAR()
+ CHAR() + 'public class ' + @tablename + CHAR()
+ '{''+char(13)+char(9)+''private '')+
case when a.name in(''image'',''uniqueidentifier'',''ntext'',''varchar'',''ntext'',''nchar'',''nvarchar'',''text'',''char'') then ''string''
when a.name in(''tinyint'',''smallint'',''int'',''bigint'') then ''int''
when a.name in(''datetime'',''smalldatetime'') then ''DateTime''
when a.name in(''float'',''decimal'',''numeric'',''money'',''real'',''smallmoney'') then ''decimal''
when a.name =''bit'' then ''bool''
else a.name end+'' ''+lower(''_''+b.name)+'';''+char()+char()+''public ''+
case when a.name in(''image'',''uniqueidentifier'',''ntext'',''varchar'',''ntext'',''nchar'',''nvarchar'',''text'',''char'') then ''string''
when a.name in(''tinyint'',''smallint'',''int'') then ''int''
when a.name=''bigint'' then ''long''
when a.name in(''datetime'',''smalldatetime'') then ''DateTime''
when a.name in(''float'',''decimal'',''numeric'',''money'',''real'',''smallmoney'') then ''decimal''
when a.name =''bit'' then ''bool''
else a.name end
+'' ''+b.name+char()+char()+''{''+char()+char()+char()+''get{return ''+lower(''_''+b.name)+'';}''+
char()+char()+char()+''set{''+lower(''_''+b.name)+''=value;}''+char()+char()+''}''+char()
from ' + @dbname + '..syscolumns b,
(select distinct name,xtype from ' + @dbname + '..systypes where status=) a
where a.xtype=b.xtype and b.id=object_id(''' + @dbname + '..' + @tablename
+ ''')';
EXEC sp_executesql @nsql, N'@s varchar(8000) output',
@sql OUTPUT;
SET @sql = @sql + CHAR() + '}' + CHAR() + '}';
--print @sql
DECLARE @err INT ,
@fso INT ,
@fleExists BIT ,
@file VARCHAR();
SET @file = @path + '/' + @tablename + '.cs';
EXEC @err= sp_OACreate 'Scripting.FileSystemObject',
@fso OUTPUT;
EXEC @err= sp_OAMethod @fso, 'FileExists',
@fleExists OUTPUT, @file;
EXEC @err = sp_OADestroy @fso; IF @fleExists !=
EXEC('exec xp_cmdshell ''del '+@file+''''); --存在则删除
EXEC('exec xp_cmdshell ''echo '+@sql+' > '+@file+''''); --将文本写进文件中
SET @sql = NULL;
FETCH wsp INTO @tablename;
END;
CLOSE wsp;
DEALLOCATE wsp;
PRINT '生成成功！';
END;
ELSE
PRINT '数据库不存在！';
调用存储过程： EXEC [dbo].[p_db_wsp] '数据库名字', '保存的路径：D:\work\新建文件夹', '生成实体类名字';
上面的方法都是生成实体的，下面就是生成insert的方法
四,T4生成insert的方法
<#@ template language="C#" debug="True" hostspecific="True" #>
<#@ output extension=".cs" #>
<#@ assembly name="System.Data" #>
<#@ assembly name="System.xml" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Collections.Generic" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Data" #>
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using CMS.Utilities;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System;
namespace MyProject.Entitiese
{
<#
string connectionString = "server=192.168.2.230;database=tjprj;uid=erptest;pwd=test@123456";
string selectQuery = "select * from Team_";
string tableName="Team_";
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
conn.Open();
System.Data.DataTable schema = null;
SqlCommand selectcommand = new SqlCommand(selectQuery, conn);
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter(selectcommand);
System.Data.DataSet dss = new System.Data.DataSet();
sda.Fill(dss);
schema=dss.Tables[];
System.Data.DataTable dt = dss.Tables[];
System.Data.DataRow dr = dss.Tables[].Rows[];
SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(selectQuery,conn);
SqlDataAdapter ad = new SqlDataAdapter(command);
#>
public class <#= tableName#>Bizs
{
public class <#= tableName#>Models
{
<# foreach (DataColumn dc in dss.Tables[].Columns)
{ #>
private <#= dc.DataType.Name #> _<#= dc.ColumnName.Replace(dc.ColumnName[].ToString(), dc.ColumnName[].ToString().ToLower()) #>;
public <#= dc.DataType.Name #> <#= dc.ColumnName #>
{
get { return _<#= dc.ColumnName.Replace(dc.ColumnName[].ToString(), dc.ColumnName[].ToString().ToLower()) #>; }
set { _<#= dc.ColumnName.Replace(dc.ColumnName[].ToString(), dc.ColumnName[].ToString().ToLower()) #> = value; }
}
<# } #> }
public bool Insert<#= tableName#>(<#= tableName#>Models model)
{
string strSql = @"
INSERT Team_(
<# foreach (DataColumn dc in dss.Tables[0].Columns)
{ #><#= dc.ColumnName #>,
<# } #>
)
VALUES (
<# foreach (DataColumn dc in dss.Tables[0].Columns)
{ #><#= dc.ColumnName #>,
<# } #>
)
";
SqlParameter[] parameters = new SqlParameter[]
{
<# foreach (DataColumn dc in dss.Tables[].Columns)
{ #> new SqlParameter("<#= dc.ColumnName #>,", SqlDbType.NVarChar, ),
<# } #>
};
<# for (int i = ; i < dr.Table.Columns.Count; i++)
{ #> parameters[<#=i#>].Value = model.<#=dr.Table.Columns[i] #>;
<# } #>
using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(SqlHelper.ConnectionString))
{
conn.Open();
using (SqlTransaction trans = conn.BeginTransaction())
{
try
{
int i = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(trans, CommandType.Text, strSql, parameters);
if (i > )
{
trans.Commit();
return i > ;
}
else
{
trans.Rollback();
return false;
}
}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
trans.Rollback();
return false;
throw e;
}
}
}
} } }
生成代码：
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using CMS.Utilities;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System;
namespace MyProject.Entitiese
{ public class Team_Bizs
{
public class Team_Models
{ private String _team_code;
public String Team_code
{
get { return _team_code; }
set { _team_code = value; }
} private String _team_name;
public String Team_name
{
get { return _team_name; }
set { _team_name = value; }
} private String _team_status;
public String Team_status
{
get { return _team_status; }
set { _team_status = value; }
} private String _team_user;
public String Team_user
{
get { return _team_user; }
set { _team_user = value; }
} private DateTime _team_date;
public DateTime Team_date
{
get { return _team_date; }
set { _team_date = value; }
} }
public bool InsertTeam_(Team_Models model)
{
string strSql = @"
INSERT Team_(
Team_code,
Team_name,
Team_status,
Team_user,
Team_date, )
VALUES (
Team_code,
Team_name,
Team_status,
Team_user,
Team_date, )
";
SqlParameter[] parameters = new SqlParameter[]
{
new SqlParameter("Team_code,", SqlDbType.NVarChar, ),
new SqlParameter("Team_name,", SqlDbType.NVarChar, ),
new SqlParameter("Team_status,", SqlDbType.NVarChar, ),
new SqlParameter("Team_user,", SqlDbType.NVarChar, ),
new SqlParameter("Team_date,", SqlDbType.NVarChar, ), };
parameters[].Value = model.Team_code;
parameters[].Value = model.Team_name;
parameters[].Value = model.Team_status;
parameters[].Value = model.Team_user;
parameters[].Value = model.Team_date; using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(SqlHelper.ConnectionString))
{
conn.Open();
using (SqlTransaction trans = conn.BeginTransaction())
{
try
{
int i = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(trans, CommandType.Text, strSql, parameters);
if (i > )
{
trans.Commit();
return i > ;
}
else
{
trans.Rollback();
return false;
}
}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
trans.Rollback();
return false;
throw e;
}
}
}
} } }
方法与之前一篇文章和上面讲到生成实体的方法差不多，还有update，select，delete 方法也是差不多的，我就不再贴上代码了。
github地址：https://github.com/Jimmey-Jiang/JWorkHelper稍后推送代码上去。