学习 Python 之 Pygame 开发魂斗罗（四）
继续编写魂斗罗
在上次的博客学习 Python 之 Pygame 开发魂斗罗（三）中，我们完成了角色的移动和跳跃，下面我们来继续写魂斗罗。
下面是图片的素材
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1X7tESkes_O6nbPxfpHD6hQ?pwd=hdly
提取码：hdly
1. 创建子弹类
发射子弹首先要有子弹类
我们来创建一下
import pygame
from Constants import *
class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, person):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.images = [
loadImage('../Image/Bullet/bullet1.png')
]
self.index = 0
self.image = self.images[self.index]
# 速度
self.xSpeed = 1
self.ySpeed = 1
self.rect = pygame.Rect(person.rect)
# 销毁开关
self.isDestroy = False
def move(self):
self.rect.x += self.xSpeed
self.rect.y += self.ySpeed
self.checkBullet()
def draw(self, window):
window.blit(self.image, self.rect)
def checkBullet(self):
toDestroy = False
if self.rect.top < 0 or self.rect.top > 600:
toDestroy = True
if self.rect.left < 0 or self.rect.right > 900:
toDestroy = True
if toDestroy:
self.isDestroy = True
2. 根据玩家方向和状态设置子弹发射的位置
由于玩家的方向和状态不一样，所以玩家开火后，子弹发射的位置也不一样
下面我们来看看角色状态和发射子弹的位置
(1). 站立向右发射子弹
(x,y) 是图片的位置，我们计算出，此状态下，子弹发射的位置是 (x+24,y+11)
下面我们来设置一下
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
2.5是人物放大的倍数，加载图像的时候把图像放大了2.5倍，所以设置子弹发射位置的时候，同样要乘以2.5
if person.isStanding:
# 判断方向
# 方向向右
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 向上
if person.isUp:
pass
# 向右
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
# 方向向左
else:
if person.isUp:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isSquating and not person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
else:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isJumping or person.state == State.FALL:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
(2). 站立向左发射子弹
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
# 根据角色的方向和状态设置子弹发射的位置
# 角色站着
if person.isStanding:
# 判断方向
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 向上
if person.isUp:
pass
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
if person.isUp:
pass
else:
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isSquating and not person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
else:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isJumping or person.state == State.FALL:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
(3). 站立朝上发射子弹
站立向右朝上发射子弹
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
这里我微微调整了一下y的值，方向向上，所以子弹的y是逐渐减小的，所以y速度是负数
# 根据角色的方向和状态设置子弹发射的位置
# 角色站着
if person.isStanding:
# 判断方向
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 向上
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
if person.isUp:
pass
else:
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isSquating and not person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
else:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isJumping or person.state == State.FALL:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
站立向左朝上发射子弹也是同样的计算方式
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
# 根据角色的方向和状态设置子弹发射的位置
# 角色站着
if person.isStanding:
# 判断方向
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 向上
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isSquating and not person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
else:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isJumping or person.state == State.FALL:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
(4). 蹲下发射子弹
向右示意图
self.rect.x += 34 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 25 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
# 根据角色的方向和状态设置子弹发射的位置
# 角色站着
if person.isStanding:
# 判断方向
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 向上
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isSquating and not person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
self.rect.x += 34 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 25 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
pass
elif person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
else:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isJumping or person.state == State.FALL:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
同样的，设置向左的发射位置
self.rect.y += 25 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
# 根据角色的方向和状态设置子弹发射的位置
# 角色站着
if person.isStanding:
# 判断方向
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 向上
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isSquating and not person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
self.rect.x += 34 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 25 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
self.rect.y += 25 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
else:
if person.isUp:
pass
elif person.isDown:
pass
else:
pass
elif person.isJumping or person.state == State.FALL:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
(5). 向斜方发射子弹
向斜右上方发射子弹示意图
self.rect.x += 20 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 7
向斜左上方发射子弹时的子弹位置
self.rect.x += -3 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = -7
向斜右下方发射子弹示意图
self.rect.x += 21 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 20 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 7
self.xSpeed = 7
向斜左下方发射子弹时的子弹位置
self.rect.x += -3 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 20 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 7
self.xSpeed = -7
(6). 奔跑时发射子弹
奔跑时发射子弹和站立发射子弹是一样的
向右
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
向左
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
完整的代码
if person.isStanding:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isSquating and not person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
self.rect.x += 34 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 25 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
self.rect.y += 25 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 20 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 7
elif person.isDown:
self.rect.x += 21 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 20 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 7
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += -3 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isDown:
self.rect.x += -3 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 20 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 7
self.xSpeed = -7
else:
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isJumping or person.state == State.FALL:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
pass
else:
pass
(7). 跳跃时发射子弹
elif person.isJumping or person.state == State.FALL:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
self.rect.x += 16 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 8 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
self.rect.x += -2 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 8 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
完整子弹类代码
import pygame
from Constants import *
class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, person):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.images = [
loadImage('../Image/Bullet/bullet1.png')
]
self.index = 0
self.image = self.images[self.index]
# 速度
self.xSpeed = 1
self.ySpeed = 1
self.rect = pygame.Rect(person.rect)
if person.isStanding:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 10 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 0
else:
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isSquating and not person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
self.rect.x += 34 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 25 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
self.rect.y += 25 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isWalking:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += 20 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = 7
elif person.isDown:
self.rect.x += 21 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 20 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 7
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
self.rect.x += 24 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
if person.isUp:
self.rect.x += -3 * 2.5
self.rect.y += -1 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = -7
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isDown:
self.rect.x += -3 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 20 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 7
self.xSpeed = -7
else:
self.rect.y += 11 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
elif person.isJumping or person.state == State.FALL:
if person.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
self.rect.x += 16 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 8 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 7
else:
self.rect.x += -2 * 2.5
self.rect.y += 8 * 2.5
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = -7
# 销毁开关
self.isDestroy = False
def move(self):
self.rect.x += self.xSpeed
self.rect.y += self.ySpeed
self.checkBullet()
def draw(self, window):
window.blit(self.image, self.rect)
def checkBullet(self):
toDestroy = False
if self.rect.top < 0 or self.rect.top > 600:
toDestroy = True
if self.rect.left < 0 or self.rect.right > 900:
toDestroy = True
if toDestroy:
self.isDestroy = True
3. 在玩家类中加入开火
在常量文件中设置子弹上限
# 设置玩家子弹上限
PLAYER_BULLET_NUMBER = 15
在玩家类的四个状态函数中加入发射的代码
if keys[pygame.K_j]:
self.isFiring = True
if len(playerBulletList) < PLAYER_BULLET_NUMBER:
# 设置子弹发射的间隔为150
if currentTime - self.fireLastTimer > 150:
playerBulletList.append(Bullet(self))
self.fireLastTimer = currentTime
完整的玩家类
import pygame
from Constants import *
from Bullet import Bullet
class PlayerOne(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, currentTime):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
# 加载角色图片
self.standRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/stand.png')
self.standLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/stand.png')
self.upRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/upRight(small).png')
self.upLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/upLeft(small).png')
self.downRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Down/down.png')
self.downLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Down/down.png', True)
self.obliqueUpRightImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp3.png'),
]
self.obliqueUpLeftImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp1.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp2.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp3.png', True),
]
self.obliqueDownRightImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/3.png'),
]
self.obliqueDownLeftImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/1.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/2.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/3.png', True),
]
# 角色向右的全部图片
self.rightImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run3.png')
]
# 角色向左的全部图片
self.leftImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run3.png')
]
# 角色跳跃的全部图片
self.upRightImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump3.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump4.png'),
]
self.upLeftImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump1.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump2.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump3.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump4.png', True),
]
self.rightFireImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire3.png'),
]
self.leftFireImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire1.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire2.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire3.png', True),
]
# 角色左右移动下标
self.imageIndex = 0
# 角色跳跃下标
self.upImageIndex = 0
# 角色斜射下标
self.obliqueImageIndex = 0
# 上一次显示图片的时间
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
self.fireLastTimer = currentTime
# 选择当前要显示的图片
self.image = self.standRightImage
# 获取图片的rect
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
# 设置角色的状态
self.state = State.STAND
# 角色的方向
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
# 速度
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
self.ySpeed = 0
self.jumpSpeed = -11
# 人物当前的状态标志
self.isStanding = False
self.isWalking = False
self.isJumping = True
self.isSquating = False
self.isFiring = False
# 重力加速度
self.gravity = 0.7
self.isUp = False
self.isDown = False
def update(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
# 更新站或者走的状态
# 根据状态响应按键
if self.state == State.STAND:
self.standing(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
elif self.state == State.WALK:
self.walking(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
elif self.state == State.JUMP:
self.jumping(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
elif self.state == State.FALL:
self.falling(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
# 更新位置
# 记录前一次的位置坐标
pre = self.rect.x
self.rect.x += self.xSpeed
self.rect.y += self.ySpeed
# 如果x位置小于0了，就不能移动，防止人物跑到屏幕左边
if self.rect.x <= 0:
self.rect.x = pre
# 更新动画
# 跳跃状态
if self.isJumping:
# 根据方向
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 方向向右，角色加载向右跳起的图片
self.image = self.upRightImages[self.upImageIndex]
else:
# 否则，方向向左，角色加载向左跳起的图片
self.image = self.upLeftImages[self.upImageIndex]
# 角色蹲下
if self.isSquating:
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 加载向右蹲下的图片
self.image = self.downRightImage
else:
# 加载向左蹲下的图片
self.image = self.downLeftImage
# 角色站着
if self.isStanding:
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if self.isUp:
# 加载向右朝上的图片
self.image = self.upRightImage
elif self.isDown:
# 加载向右蹲下的图片
self.image = self.downRightImage
else:
# 加载向右站着的图片
self.image = self.standRightImage
else:
# 向左也是同样的效果
if self.isUp:
self.image = self.upLeftImage
elif self.isDown:
self.image = self.downLeftImage
else:
self.image = self.standLeftImage
# 角色移动
if self.isWalking:
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if self.isUp:
# 加载斜右上的图片
self.image = self.obliqueUpRightImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
elif self.isDown:
# 加载斜右下的图片
self.image = self.obliqueDownRightImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
else:
# 加载向右移动的图片，根据开火状态是否加载向右开火移动的图片
if self.isFiring:
self.image = self.rightFireImages[self.imageIndex]
else:
self.image = self.rightImages[self.imageIndex]
else:
if self.isUp:
self.image = self.obliqueUpLeftImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
elif self.isDown:
self.image = self.obliqueDownLeftImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
else:
if self.isFiring:
self.image = self.leftFireImages[self.imageIndex]
else:
self.image = self.leftImages[self.imageIndex]
def standing(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
"""角色站立"""
# 设置角色状态
self.isStanding = True
self.isWalking = False
self.isJumping = False
self.isSquating = False
self.isUp = False
self.isDown = False
self.isFiring = False
# 设置速度
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 0
# 按下A键
if keys[pygame.K_a]:
# A按下，角色方向向左
self.direction = Direction.LEFT
# 改变角色的状态，角色进入移动状态
self.state = State.WALK
# 设置站立状态为False，移动状态为True
self.isStanding = False
self.isWalking = True
# 向左移动，速度为负数，这样玩家的x坐标是减小的
self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下D键
elif keys[pygame.K_d]:
# D按下，角色方向向右
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
# 改变角色的状态，角色进入移动状态
self.state = State.WALK
# 设置站立状态为False，移动状态为True
self.isStanding = False
self.isWalking = True
# 向右移动，速度为正数
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下k键
elif keys[pygame.K_k]:
# K按下，角色进入跳跃状态，但是不会改变方向
self.state = State.JUMP
# 设置站立状态为False，跳跃状态为True
# 不改变移动状态，因为移动的时候也可以跳跃
self.isStanding = False
self.isJumping = True
# 设置速度，速度为负数，因为角色跳起后，要下落
self.ySpeed = self.jumpSpeed
# 没有按下按键
else:
# 没有按下按键，角色依然是站立状态
self.state = State.STAND
self.isStanding = True
# 按下w键
if keys[pygame.K_w]:
# W按下，角色向上，改变方向状态
self.isUp = True
self.isStanding = True
self.isDown = False
self.isSquating = False
# 按下s键
elif keys[pygame.K_s]:
# S按下，角色蹲下，改变方向状态，并且蹲下状态设置为True
self.isUp = False
self.isStanding = False
self.isDown = True
self.isSquating = True
if keys[pygame.K_j]:
self.isFiring = True
if len(playerBulletList) < PLAYER_BULLET_NUMBER:
if currentTime - self.fireLastTimer > 150:
playerBulletList.append(Bullet(self))
self.fireLastTimer = currentTime
def walking(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
"""角色行走，每10帧变换一次图片"""
self.isStanding = False
self.isWalking = True
self.isJumping = False
self.isSquating = False
self.isFiring = False
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 如果当前是站立的图片
if self.isStanding:
# 方向向右，方向向上
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and self.isUp:
# 设置为向右朝上的图片
self.image = self.upRightImage
# 方向向右
elif self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and not self.isUp:
# 设置为向右站立的图片
self.image = self.standRightImage
elif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and self.isUp:
self.image = self.upLeftImage
elif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and not self.isUp:
self.image = self.standLeftImage
# 记下当前时间
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:
# 如果是走动的图片，先判断方向
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 设置速度
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 根据上下方向觉得是否角色要加载斜射的图片
if self.isUp or self.isDown:
# isUp == True表示向上斜射
# isDown == True表示向下斜射
# 计算上一次加载图片到这次的时间，如果大于115，即11.5帧，即上次加载图片到这次加载图片之间，已经加载了11张图片
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
# 那么就可以加载斜着奔跑的图片
# 如果角色加载的图片不是第三张，则加载下一张就行
if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:
self.obliqueImageIndex += 1
# 否则就加载第一张图片
else:
self.obliqueImageIndex = 0
# 记录变换图片的时间，为下次变换图片做准备
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
# 不是斜射
else:
# 加载正常向右奔跑的图片
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.imageIndex < 2:
self.imageIndex += 1
else:
self.imageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:
self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED
if self.isUp or self.isDown:
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:
self.obliqueImageIndex += 1
else:
self.obliqueImageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.imageIndex < 2:
self.imageIndex += 1
else:
self.imageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
# 按下D键
if keys[pygame.K_d]:
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下A键
elif keys[pygame.K_a]:
self.direction = Direction.LEFT
self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下S键
elif keys[pygame.K_s]:
self.isStanding = False
self.isDown = True
# 按下W键
if keys[pygame.K_w]:
self.isUp = True
self.isDown = False
# 没有按键按下
else:
self.state = State.STAND
# 移动时按下K键
if keys[pygame.K_k]:
# 角色状态变为跳跃
self.state = State.JUMP
self.ySpeed = self.jumpSpeed
self.isJumping = True
self.isStanding = False
if keys[pygame.K_j]:
self.isFiring = True
if len(playerBulletList) < PLAYER_BULLET_NUMBER:
if currentTime - self.fireLastTimer > 150:
playerBulletList.append(Bullet(self))
self.fireLastTimer = currentTime
def jumping(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
"""跳跃"""
# 设置标志
self.isJumping = True
self.isStanding = False
self.isDown = False
self.isSquating = False
self.isFiring = False
# 更新速度
self.ySpeed += self.gravity
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.upImageIndex < 3:
self.upImageIndex += 1
else:
self.upImageIndex = 0
# 记录变换图片的时间，为下次变换图片做准备
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
if keys[pygame.K_d]:
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
elif keys[pygame.K_a]:
self.direction = Direction.LEFT
# 按下W键
if keys[pygame.K_w]:
self.isUp = True
self.isDown = False
elif keys[pygame.K_s]:
self.isUp = False
self.isDown = True
if self.ySpeed >= 0:
self.state = State.FALL
if not keys[pygame.K_k]:
self.state = State.FALL
if keys[pygame.K_j]:
self.isFiring = True
if len(playerBulletList) < PLAYER_BULLET_NUMBER:
if currentTime - self.fireLastTimer > 150:
playerBulletList.append(Bullet(self))
self.fireLastTimer = currentTime
def falling(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
# 下落时速度越来越快，所以速度需要一直增加
self.ySpeed += self.gravity
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.upImageIndex < 3:
self.upImageIndex += 1
else:
self.upImageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
# 防止落到窗口外面，当落到一定高度时，就不会再掉落了
if self.rect.bottom > SCREEN_HEIGHT - GROUND_HEIGHT:
self.state = State.WALK
self.ySpeed = 0
self.rect.bottom = SCREEN_HEIGHT - GROUND_HEIGHT
self.isJumping = False
if keys[pygame.K_d]:
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
self.isWalking = False
elif keys[pygame.K_a]:
self.direction = Direction.LEFT
self.isWalking = False
if keys[pygame.K_j]:
self.isFiring = True
if len(playerBulletList) < PLAYER_BULLET_NUMBER:
if currentTime - self.fireLastTimer > 150:
playerBulletList.append(Bullet(self))
self.fireLastTimer = currentTime
4. 修改主类实现玩家开火
由于玩家类中的update()方法多了一个子弹列表的参数，现在要修改主类
在主类中加入子弹列表
# 子弹
player1BulletList = []
修改run()函数，把子弹列表传入update()函数
def run(self):
while not self.isEnd:
# 获取窗口中的事件
self.getPlayingModeEvent()
# 游戏场景和景物更新函数
self.update(MainGame.window, MainGame.player1BulletList)
# 更新窗口
pygame.display.update()
# 设置帧率
self.clock.tick(self.fps)
fps = self.clock.get_fps()
caption = '魂斗罗 - {:.2f}'.format(fps)
pygame.display.set_caption(caption)
else:
sys.exit()
修改update()函数
def update(self, window, player1BulletList):
# 更新物体
currentTime = pygame.time.get_ticks()
MainGame.allSprites.update(self.keys, currentTime, player1BulletList)
drawPlayerOneBullet(player1BulletList)
# 显示物体
MainGame.allSprites.draw(window)
创建显示子弹函数，在类外创建
def drawPlayerOneBullet(player1BulletList):
for bullet in player1BulletList:
if bullet.isDestroy:
player1BulletList.remove(bullet)
else:
bullet.draw(MainGame.window)
bullet.move()
完整的主类代码
import sys
import pygame
from Constants import *
from PlayerOne import PlayerOne
def drawPlayerOneBullet(player1BulletList):
for bullet in player1BulletList:
if bullet.isDestroy:
player1BulletList.remove(bullet)
else:
bullet.draw(MainGame.window)
bullet.move()
class MainGame:
player1 = None
allSprites = None
window = None
# 子弹
player1BulletList = []
def __init__(self):
# 初始化展示模块
pygame.display.init()
SCREEN_SIZE = (SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)
# 初始化窗口
MainGame.window = pygame.display.set_mode(SCREEN_SIZE)
# 设置窗口标题
pygame.display.set_caption('魂斗罗角色')
# 是否结束游戏
self.isEnd = False
# 获取按键
self.keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
# 帧率
self.fps = 60
self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# 初始化角色
MainGame.player1 = PlayerOne(pygame.time.get_ticks())
# 设置角色的初始位置
# 这里设置为（0，80），可以实现一开始玩家掉下来的动画
MainGame.player1.rect.x = 80
MainGame.player1.rect.bottom = 300
# 把角色放入组中，方便统一管理
MainGame.allSprites = pygame.sprite.Group(MainGame.player1)
def run(self):
while not self.isEnd:
# 设置背景颜色
pygame.display.get_surface().fill((0, 0, 0))
# 游戏场景和景物更新函数
self.update(MainGame.window, MainGame.player1BulletList)
# 获取窗口中的事件
self.getPlayingModeEvent()
# 更新窗口
pygame.display.update()
# 设置帧率
self.clock.tick(self.fps)
fps = self.clock.get_fps()
caption = '魂斗罗 - {:.2f}'.format(fps)
pygame.display.set_caption(caption)
else:
sys.exit()
def getPlayingModeEvent(self):
# 获取事件列表
for event in pygame.event.get():
# 点击窗口关闭按钮
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
self.isEnd = True
# 键盘按键按下
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
self.keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
# 键盘按键抬起
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
self.keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
def update(self, window, player1BulletList):
# 更新物体
currentTime = pygame.time.get_ticks()
MainGame.allSprites.update(self.keys, currentTime, player1BulletList)
drawPlayerOneBullet(player1BulletList)
# 显示物体
MainGame.allSprites.draw(window)
if __name__ == '__main__':
MainGame().run()
运行一下，看看效果
哈哈，完成了