《Spring in action 4》（十）Spring发送eMail

时间：2023-01-11 20:56:34


Spring发送eMail

文章目录

  • ​​Spring发送eMail​​
  • ​​邮件发送准备​​
  • ​​POM文件​​
  • ​​配置JavaMailSender​​
  • ​​项目结构图​​
  • ​​发送简单邮件​​
  • ​​发送带有附件的邮件​​
  • ​​发送HTML邮件​​
  • ​​发送模板邮件​​
  • ​​最后​​

邮件发送准备

导入mail以及spring context的依赖支持。

POM文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.ooyhao.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-in-action-19-01</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>spring-in-action-19-01 Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--导入Servlet依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--导入SpringMVC依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--导入Jackson依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Junit测试依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--hibernate参数校验依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>6.1.0.Alpha3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--整合Thymeleaf-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.11.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>mchange-commons-java</artifactId>
            <version>0.2.11</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.48</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- druid数据源 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.20</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- dbcp 数据源 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
            <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.7</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>spring-in-action-19-01</finalName>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.22.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.8.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

配置JavaMailSender

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.ooyhao.spring", useDefaultFilters = true,
        excludeFilters = {
                @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, classes = Controller.class),
                @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, classes = RestController.class)
        }
)
public class RootConfig {
    @Bean
    public JavaMailSender javaMailSender() {
        JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
        mailSender.setHost("smtp.163.com");
        mailSender.setUsername("ooyhao1996@163.com");
        mailSender.setPassword("163mailcode");
        mailSender.setDefaultEncoding("utf-8");
        return mailSender;
    }
}

项目结构图

《Spring in action 4》（十）Spring发送eMail

发送简单邮件

@Service
public class SendMailService {

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    /**
     * 发送简单邮件消息
     */
    public void sendSimpleMail(){
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setFrom("ooyhao1996@163.com");
        message.setTo("625194996@qq.com");
        message.setSubject("邮件");
        message.setText("邮件");
        message.setSentDate(new Date());
        mailSender.send(message);
    }
}

发送带有附件的邮件

@Service
public class SendMailService {

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    public void sendMailWithAttachment() throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
        helper.setFrom("ooyhao1996@163.com");
        helper.setTo("625194996@qq.com");
        helper.setSentDate(new Date());
        helper.setSubject("带有附件的邮件");
        helper.setText("这是一封具有附件的邮件");
        /*可以携带多个附件*/
        ClassPathResource resource1 = new ClassPathResource("images/123.png");
        helper.addAttachment("123.png",resource1);
        ClassPathResource resource2 = new ClassPathResource("images/456.png");
        helper.addAttachment("456.png",resource2);
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }
}

发送HTML邮件

@Service
public class SendMailService {

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    /*发送一封HTML邮件*/
    public void sendHtmlMail() throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
        helper.setFrom("ooyhao1996@163.com");
        helper.setTo("625194996@qq.com");
        helper.setSentDate(new Date());
        helper.setSubject("HTML邮件");
        helper.setText("<!DOCTYPE html>\n" +
                "<html>\n" +
                "<head>\n" +
                "\t<title>HTML邮件</title>\n" +
                "</head>\n" +
                "<body>\n" +
                "\t<h1>这是一份HTML邮件</h1>\n" +
                "\t<img src=\"cid:logo\">\n" +
                "</body>\n" +
                "</html>",true);
        ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("res/images/logo.png");
        helper.addInline("logo",resource);
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }
}

发送模板邮件

使用模板邮件发送时，需要配置模板解析器和模板引擎。

@Bean
public ClassLoaderTemplateResolver emailTemplateResolver(){
  ClassLoaderTemplateResolver resolver = new ClassLoaderTemplateResolver();
  resolver.setPrefix("mail/");
  resolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
  resolver.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
  return resolver;
}

/*配置*/
@Bean
public SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver(){
  SpringResourceTemplateResolver resolver = new SpringResourceTemplateResolver();
  resolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
  resolver.setSuffix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
  resolver.setSuffix(".html");
  resolver.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
  return resolver;
}


@Bean
public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(Set<ITemplateResolver> templateResolvers){
  SpringTemplateEngine engine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
  engine.setTemplateResolvers(templateResolvers);
  return engine;
}
@Service
public class SendMailService {

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Autowired
    private SpringTemplateEngine springTemplateEngine;

    /*发送一封使用Thymeleaf模板生成的邮件*/
    public void sendTemplateHTML() throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
        helper.setFrom("ooyhao1996@163.com");
        helper.setTo("625194996@qq.com");
        helper.setSentDate(new Date());
        helper.setSubject("HTML邮件");
        Context context = new Context();
        context.setVariable("firstTitle","这是一封模板生成的邮件");
        context.setVariable("secondTitle","模板邮件|ouyanghao");
        context.setVariable("src","https://ooyhao.gitee.io/vuepress-blog/logo.png");
        String emailText = springTemplateEngine.process("emailTemplate.html", context);
        helper.setText(emailText,true);
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }
}

HTML模板

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"
      xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
      xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1 th:text="${firstTitle}">一级标题</h1>
    <h2 th:text="${secondTitle}">二级标题</h2>
    <img th:src="${src}"><!--这里需要填写公网地址，localhost无法显示 -->

</body>
</html>

发送HTML(Thymeleaf)模板邮件时，需要注意一些细节，比如上述代码中的图片显示，则需要用一张外网可以访问到的图片，否则邮件中无法正常显示。

总结：

本节重要是练习如何使用Spring中的简单方法来实现邮件发送。并且包含了简单邮件、附件邮件、HTML邮件以及模板邮件。

源码：

​​https://gitee.com/ooyhao/JavaRepo_Public/tree/master/Spring-in-Action/spring-in-action-19/​​

最后

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《Spring in action 4》（十）Spring发送eMail


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