Linux 安装 Mysql

一、下载安装包

安装包下载 ​​https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/​​

选择自己要下载的版本下载

二、上传到Linux机器进行解压

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.7.39

三、添加系统mysql组和MySQL用户

cat /etc/group | grep mysql
mysql:x:27:


cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/sbin/nologin


如无，执行添加命令：
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

四、安装数据库

1.在解压的MySQL目录下创建data目录

mkdir data

2.将/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7的所有者及所属组改为mysql

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7

3.在/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/support-files目录下创建my_default.cnf

cd support-files/
vim my_default.cnf

并且写入文件，保存覆盖

[mysqld]
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
basedir = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/data/mysqld.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/data/mysqld.pid

4.初始化 mysqld

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/
./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.39/data/

5.初始化成功，在日志中查看默认密码

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/data/

6.把启动脚本放到开机初始化目录

 cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

7.登录mysql，修改密码，添加远程访问权限

见文章：

​​https://blog.51cto.com/u_15227402/5907011​​

8.重启mysql生效

service mysql stop 关闭mysql

service mysql start 开启mysql

service mysql restart 重启mysql