安装依赖
pip install requests
方式一
该方式比较简单,可以直接提交json
参数提交
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests
url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
data = {
'name': 'Tom',
'age': 20
}
res = requests.post(url, json=data)
print(res.text)
返回数据
{
"args": {},
"data": "{\"name\": \"Tom\", \"age\": 20}",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Content-Length": "26",
"Content-Type": "application/json",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.28.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-635f3812-432dff7a0625e9331bb8d78d"
},
"json": {
"age": 20,
"name": "Tom"
},
"origin": "1.202.253.34",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
方式二:
通过自定义请求体提交json数据
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
import requests
url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
data = {
'name': 'Tom',
'age': 20
}
# 先序列化成json数据
data_raw = json.dumps(data)
print(data_raw)
# {"name": "Tom", "age": 20}
res = requests.post(url, data=data_raw)
print(res.text)
返回数据
{
"args": {},
"data": "{\"name\": \"Tom\", \"age\": 20}",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Content-Length": "26",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.28.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-635f38b0-37b9f6261c85922202d35ee8"
},
"json": {
"age": 20,
"name": "Tom"
},
"origin": "61.48.42.110",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
进一步优化
我们可以发现,方式二提交的数据缺少了一个请求头
{
"Content-Type": "application/json"
}
虽然可以识别为json数据,不过有的后端框架有可能不能够正常识别json数据
完善代码
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
import requests
url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
data = {
'name': 'Tom',
'age': 20
}
# 先序列化成json数据
data_raw = json.dumps(data)
print(data_raw)
# {"name": "Tom", "age": 20}
# 增加请求头
headers = {
"Content-Type": "application/json; charset=UTF-8"
}
res = requests.post(url, data=data_raw, headers=headers)
print(res.text)
返回数据
{
"args": {},
"data": "{\"name\": \"Tom\", \"age\": 20}",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Content-Length": "26",
"Content-Type": "application/json; charset=UTF-8",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.28.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-635f3956-7d2bf56b737dd06278d54b80"
},
"json": {
"age": 20,
"name": "Tom"
},
"origin": "61.48.42.110",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}