1.项目介绍
最近入项目之前要求熟悉一下SpringCloud Nacos微服务基于Feign接口调用并整合Swagger2进行接口文档展示给前端,所以自己按照要求来编写并整合了一套基于SpringCloudAlibaba Nacos、Feign、MyBatis、Swagger2的简单微服务抽奖系统,并结合数据库数据进行数据返回。
框架提供了基础的微服务注册与发现,接口Swagger访问、MyBatis注解实现接口Dao层数据访问,可用于快速搭建一个微服务CRUD基础框架。
抽奖接口主要包含:添加商品接口(包含商品名称和中奖率);抽奖接口,对添加的商品进行抽奖返回中奖商品的功能。
1.1.项目框架搭建
①项目主要结构说明:
- common-api模块:用于存放公共的pojo类、接口返回值枚举类、公共的抽奖函数
- consumer-product7800模块:服务消费方
- provider-product6700模块:服务提供方
②pom.xml依赖说明:
父工程主要pom依赖包:
其中主要的pom依赖有
spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies
mybatis-spring-boot-starter
lombok
springfox-swagger2
swagger-bootstrap-ui
<!--统一管理jar包版本-->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<springboot.test.version>2.5.0</springboot.test.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
<mysql.version>6.0.6</mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.version>2.1.4</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
<springboot.starter.web>2.4.3</springboot.starter.web>
</properties>
<!--子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本+子module不用写groupId和version-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--springcloud Hoxton.SR1-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--springcloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--mysql数据库连接驱动包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--web依赖包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<version>${springboot.starter.web}</version>
</dependency>
<!--alibaba druid数据库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis orm框架-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--lombok插件引入-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--热启动部署-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<version>2.1.10.RELEASE</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!--测试依赖包引入-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<version>${springboot.test.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--log4j日志包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--swagger2依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--swagger第三方ui依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-bootstrap-ui</artifactId>
<version>1.9.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!--排除lombok jar在打包编译期间-->
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!--引入mybatis逆向工程插件-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3.5</version>
<configuration>
<configurationFile>${basedir}/src/main/resources/mybatis-generator/generatorConfig.xml
</configurationFile>
<overwrite>true</overwrite>
<verbose>true</verbose>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
springcloudnacos-provider-product6700
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud alibaba nacos-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringBoot整合Web组件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--服务注册与发现-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!--api jar包引入-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fengye</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloudnacos-common-api</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!--集合判空工具类-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
<version>4.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--引入Swagger2组件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql连接驱动包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入ui包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--swagger第三方ui依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-bootstrap-ui</artifactId>
<version>1.9.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
springcloudnacos-consumer-product7800
<dependencies>
<!--springcloud openfeign-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--sentinel熔断限流-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud alibaba nacos-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入自定义的api通用包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fengye</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloudnacos-common-api</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!--SpringBoot整合Web组件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--引入Swagger2组件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--引入ui包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--swagger第三方ui依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-bootstrap-ui</artifactId>
<version>1.9.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
<version>4.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
③application.yml配置
重点主要是在服务生产方provider-product6700进行数据库连接、mybatis框架、nacos服务注册相关的配置,具体如下:
server:
port: 6700
spring:
application:
name: nacos-product-provider-6700
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
#数据库连接池配置
datasource:
username: root
password: admin
#假如时区报错,增加时区配置serverTimezone=UTC
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/nacosproduct?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
#整合mybatis配置
mybatis:
#config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml 使用了configuration注解则无需再指定mybatis-config.xml文件
mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml
configuration: #指定mybatis全局配置文件中的相关配置项
map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
type-aliases-package: com.fengye.springcloud.entities
#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称
server-url:
nacos-user-service: http://nacos-product-provider
1.2.项目分包结构说明
以一个服务提供方6700来说,就是简单地controller、mapper、service/impl,mapper层使用xml与注解结合的方式都可以。这里不再多说。
而在服务消费方7800来说,主要分为Feign接口调用与Swagger2Config配置类:
2.Swagger2/Feign接口/抽奖接口说明
2.1.Swagger2配置类
①这里主要的就是在项目中会引入Swagger2的依赖包,以及基于国人UI风格的jar包。
<!--引入Swagger2组件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--swagger第三方ui依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-bootstrap-ui</artifactId>
<version>1.9.6</version>
</dependency>
②编写Swagger2Config配置类:
//将此类交给Spring管理,表示一个配置类
@Configuration
//开启Swagger2
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2Config {
/**
* 创建API应用
* apiInfo() 增加API相关信息
* 通过select()函数返回一个ApiSelectorBuilder实例,用来控制哪些接口暴露给Swagger来展现,
* 本例采用指定扫描的包路径来定义指定要建立API的目录
*
* @return 返回Swagger的Docket配置Bean实例
*/
@Bean
public Docket createRestApi(Environment environment) {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.apiInfo(apiInfo())
.enable(true) //enable是否启动swagger,如果为False,则swagger不能在浏览器中访问
.select()
//指定API对象扫描哪个包下面的controller
//参数any():扫描全部; none():都不扫描
//withClassAnnotation:扫描类上的注解,参数是一个注解的反射对象
//withMethodAnnotation:扫描方法上的注解
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.fengye.springcloud"))
//过滤什么路径
.paths(PathSelectors.any())
.build();
}
/**
* 创建该API的基本信息(这些基本信息会展现在文档页面中)
* 访问地址:http://项目实际地址/swagger-ui.html
* @return 返回API基本信息
*/
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
//Swagger2展示界面的标题(重要)
.title("抽奖接口API文档")
//描述信息(主要)
.description("抽奖接口API文档")
.version("1.0")
//.termsOfServiceUrl("https://swagger.io/docs")
//.license("Apache 2.0")
//.licenseUrl("http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0")
//作者信息
.contact(new Contact("fengye", "https://www.cnblogs.com/yif0118/",
"hyfmailsave@163.com"))
.build();
}
}
启动整体的项目之后,访问:http://localhost:7800/doc.html,即可看到具体的UI风格的API文档界面:
2.2.Feign接口请求
Feign的接口请求调用方式主要是基于服务提供方的Controller接口,并在服务消费方编写一个基于Controller接口一样的Service接口层,根据服务名及对应一致的方法名进行调用。
springcloudnacos-provider-product6700
服务提供方Controller接口:
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class ProductController {
@Autowired
private ProductService productService;
/**
* 测试Nacos数据接口
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping(value = "/provider/test")
public CommonResult<Product> getProductTest() {
CommonResult<Product> result = new CommonResult<>();
result.setCode(ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getCode());
result.setData(new Product(1, "iphone12Max", (float) 0.05));
result.setException(null);
result.setMsg("测试数据接口");
result.setUrl(null);
result.setSuccess(true);
return result;
}
/**
* 根据id查询商品返回商品接口
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
@GetMapping(value = "/provider/product/{id}")
public CommonResult<Product> getProductById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
Product product = productService.getProductById(id);
if (product != null) {
return new CommonResult<Product>(
ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getCode(),
product,
null,
"根据id查询商品信息成功!商品名称为:" + product,
true,
null);
}
return new CommonResult<Product>(
ResultCodeEnum.DATA_NOT_FOUND.getCode(),
null,
null,
"根据id查询商品信息失败!",
false,
null);
}
/**
* 获取所有商品
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping(value = "/provider/getAll")
public CommonResult<List<Product>> getAllProducts() {
List<Product> productList = productService.getProductList();
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(productList)) {
return new CommonResult<>(
ResultCodeEnum.DATA_NOT_FOUND.getCode(),
null,
null,
"查询商品列表信息失败!",
false,
null
);
}
return new CommonResult<>(
ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getCode(),
productList,
null,
"查询商品信息成功,所得到的的商品列表为:" + productList,
true,
null
);
}
/**
* 添加商品接口:使用Product参数进行JSON数据插入传递参数
*
* @param product
* @return
*/
@PostMapping(value = "/provider/insert")
public Integer insertProduct(@RequestBody Product product) {
return productService.insertProduct(product);
}
/**
* 抽奖接口:根据抽奖次数及抽奖商品的概率进行返回抽中的商品
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping(value = "/provider/luckyDraw")
public CommonResult<Product> luckyDrawProduct() {
List<Product> productList = productService.getProductList();
Product product = LotteryUtil.luckyDraw(productList);
if (product == null) {
return new CommonResult<>(
ResultCodeEnum.PARAMS_NULL.getCode(),
null,
null,
"未抽取到商品,谢谢惠顾!",
false,
null
);
}
return new CommonResult<>(
ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getCode(),
product,
null,
"抽奖商品获取成功!抽到的商品名称为:" + product.getProductName(),
true,
null
);
}
}
springcloudnacos-consumer-product7800
服务消费方Servcie Feign接口:
@Component
@FeignClient(value = "nacos-product-provider-6700")
public interface ProductFeignService {
//测试集成Nacos服务接口
@GetMapping(value = "/provider/test")
public CommonResult<Product> getProductTest();
//接口名与url地址与服务生产者接口名称相同
@GetMapping(value = "/provider/product/{id}")
public CommonResult<Product> getProductById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);
//获取所有的商品数据
@GetMapping(value = "/provider/getAll")
public CommonResult<List<Product>> getAllProducts();
//编写一个添加商品接口:包含商品名称和中奖率
@PostMapping(value = "/provider/insert")
public CommonResult<Product> insertProduct(@RequestBody Product product);
//编写一个抽奖接口,对添加的商口进行抽奖返回中奖商品
@GetMapping(value = "/provider/luckyDraw")
public CommonResult<Product> luckyDrawProduct();
}
暴露给Swagger2访问的Controller外部接口:
@RestController
@Api(value = "抽奖接口演示",description = "SpringCloud Nacos测试API接口")
public class ProductConsumerController {
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
@Autowired
private ProductFeignService productFeignService;
@ApiOperation(value = "获取所有抽奖商品信息", notes = "获取所有抽奖商品getAllProducts接口")
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/getAll")
public CommonResult<List<Product>> getAllProducts(){
CommonResult<List<Product>> allProducts = productFeignService.getAllProducts();
String requestUrl = String.format("http://localhost:%s/consumer/getAll", serverPort);
allProducts.setUrl(requestUrl);
return allProducts;
}
@ApiOperation(value = "获取商品测试test接口", notes = "test接口")
@GetMapping(value = "/test")
public CommonResult<Product> getProductTest(){
CommonResult<Product> productTest = productFeignService.getProductTest();
String requestUrl = String.format("http://localhost:%s/test", serverPort);
productTest.setUrl(requestUrl);
return productTest;
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/getProductById/{id}")
@ApiOperation(value = "获取对应id商品接口", notes = "根据商品id获取商品信息")
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(paramType="query", name = "id", value = "商品id", required = true, dataType = "Integer"),
})
public CommonResult<Product> getProductById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
CommonResult<Product> productRes = productFeignService.getProductById(id);
String requestUrl = String.format("http://localhost:%s/consumer/getProductById/%s", serverPort, id);
productRes.setUrl(requestUrl);
return productRes;
}
@PostMapping(value = "/consumer/insert")
@ApiOperation(value = "插入抽奖商品insert接口", notes = "插入商品接口,包含商品信息、商品抽奖概率")
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(paramType="insert", name = "id", value = "商品", required = true, dataType = "Product"),
})
public CommonResult<Product> insertProduct(@RequestBody Product product){
CommonResult<Product> result = productFeignService.insertProduct(product);
String requestUrl = String.format("http://localhost:%s//consumer/insert", serverPort);
result.setUrl(requestUrl);
return result;
}
//编写一个抽奖接口,对添加的商口进行抽奖返回中奖商品
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/luckyDraw")
@ApiOperation(value = "抽奖接口", notes = "抽奖接口,根据概率返回中奖商品")
public CommonResult<Product> luckyDrawProduct(){
CommonResult<Product> commonRes = productFeignService.luckyDrawProduct();
String requestUrl = String.format("http://localhost:%s//consumer/luckyDraw", serverPort);
commonRes.setUrl(requestUrl);
return commonRes;
}
}
2.3.抽奖接口实现
主要用到的抽奖商品类:
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@ApiModel("用户实体类")
public class Product
{
@ApiModelProperty("主键id")
private Integer id; //主键id
@ApiModelProperty("商品名称")
private String productName; //商品名称
@ApiModelProperty("中奖率")
private float winRate; //中奖率 -- 请用户输入小数点后两位
}
公共接口返回值封装类:
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
private Integer code;
private T data;
private String exception;
private String msg;
private boolean success;
private String url;
}
返回结果枚举类:
@Getter
public enum ResultCodeEnum {
/**
* 返回结果枚举,每个枚举代表着一个状态
*/
SUCCESS(200, "操作成功!"),
ERROR(400, "操作失败!"),
DATA_NOT_FOUND(401, "查询失败!"),
PARAMS_NULL(402, "参数不能为空!"),
PARAMS_ERROR(405, "参数不合法!"),
NOT_LOGIN(403, "当前账号未登录!");
private Integer code;
private String msg;
ResultCodeEnum(Integer code, String msg) {
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
}
}
主要的抽奖接口实现工具类:
public class LotteryUtil {
/**
* 抽奖设计接口:
* 产生一个随机数,0-5为一等奖商品,6-15为二等奖商品,16-40为三等奖商品,41-100为谢谢惠顾
* 在比较的时候,比较随机数(百分比)与获取商品的概率(百分比)的绝对值,40%以下的才中奖
* 之后计算随机数与中奖概率的绝对值,选择绝对值相差最小的那个为中奖商品
* @param products
* @return
*/
public static Product luckyDraw(List<Product> products) {
//1.产生一个随机数
int probabilityCount = 100;
int randomNum = (int) (Math.random()* probabilityCount);
//2.41-100表示不中奖
if(randomNum > 40){
return null;
}
Map<String, Product> map = new HashMap<>();
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (Product product : products) {
int intValue = new BigDecimal(product.getWinRate() * 100).intValue();
int absVal = Math.abs(randomNum - intValue);
list.add(absVal);
}
Integer min = Collections.min(list);
for (Product product : products) {
int value = new BigDecimal(product.getWinRate() * 100).intValue();
if(Math.abs(randomNum - value) == min){
return product;
}
}
return null;
}
}
Nacos微服务注册中心:
使用Swagger接口测试返回中奖结果:
抽奖算法需求:抽奖接口按照添加商品接口的名称和中奖率进行抽奖返回中奖商品,中奖率小于等于40%。即有可能按实际概率来抽奖返回不中奖情况。
抽奖算法这里实际的情况应该是按照插入奖品的实际概率0.15来计算真实的抽奖概率,本人这里实现的比较简单,具体的抽奖概率可以
根据实际情况进行优化,也欢迎博友提出相对应的算法建议。