thrift 轻松实现多语言跨服务器通信

thrift是由facebook开发的轻量级跨语言的服务框架，现在已经移交到apache基金会下。和他类似的是google出的protocol buffer和ice。 thrift的一大优势就是支持的语言很丰富，它使用自己的IDL语言来描述服务接口和数据交换的格式。

官方网站：http://incubator.apache.org/thrift/

一、安装：

yum -y install gcc-c++ autoconf automake sysconftool boost /
    boost-devel libtool perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker gettext-base /
    gettext gettext-devel liblocale-gettext-perl zlib-devel /
    byacc bison flex pkgconfig python-devel 
 
wget http://apache.freelamp.com/incubator/thrift/0.2.0-incubating/thrift-0.2.0-incubating.tar.gz
 
./bootstrap.sh 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/thrift --with-ruby=no --with-erlang=no --with-java=no --with-csharp=no --enable-gen-java=no --enable-gen-csharp=no --enable-gen-rb=no --enable-gen-erl=no
make
make install

、IDL描述：
 
# 1.支持的变量类型
 
类型描述  
bool#true, false  
byte#8位的有符号整数  
i16#16位的有符号整数  
i32#32位的有符号整数  
i64#64位的有符号整数  
double#64位的浮点数  
string#UTF-8编码的字符串  
binary#字符数组  
struct#结构体  
list<type>#有序的元素列表，类似于STL的vector  
set<type>#无序的不重复元素集，类似于STL的set  
map<type1,type2>#key-value型的映射，类似于STL的map  
exception#是一个继承于本地语言的exception基类  
service#服务包含多个函数接口(纯虚函数)  
 
# 2.摘一段例子上来，让瞧瞧这是啥东东。（本例子文件名为：tutorial.thrift，是本身带的教程。）
include "shared.thrift"
 
 
namespace cpp tutorial
namespace java tutorial
namespace php tutorial
namespace perl tutorial
namespace smalltalk.category Thrift.Tutorial
 
typedef i32 MyInteger
 
const i32 INT32CONSTANT = 9853
const map<string,string> MAPCONSTANT = {'hello':'world', 'goodnight':'moon'}
 
enum Operation {
  ADD = 1,
  SUBTRACT = 2,
  MULTIPLY = 3,
  DIVIDE = 4
}
 
struct Work {
1: i32 num1 = 0,
2: i32 num2,
3: Operation op,
4: optional string comment,
}
 
exception InvalidOperation {
1: i32 what,
2: string why
}
 
service Calculator extends shared.SharedService {
 
void ping(),
 
   i32 add(1:i32 num1, 2:i32 num2),
 
   i32 calculate(1:i32 logid, 2:Work w) throws (1:InvalidOperation ouch),
 
   oneway void zip()
 
}
 
# 3. 我们来写个 helloworld.thrift
 
service HelloWorld{
string ping(1: string name),
string getpng(),
}
三、编译 helloworld：
/usr/local/thrift/bin/thrift -r --gen py helloworld.thrift
/usr/local/thrift/bin/thrift -r --gen php helloworld.thrift
#会在当前目录下生成 gen-* 目录。
四、编写服务器端：
import sys
sys.path.append('./gen-py')
 
from helloworld import HelloWorld
from helloworld.ttypes import *
 
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol
from thrift.server import TServer
 
class HellowordHandler:
def __init__ (self):
pass
 
def ping (self, name):
print name + ' from server.'
return "%s from server." % name
def getpng (self):
f = open("./logo.png", "rb")
c = f.read()
f.close()
return c
handler = HellowordHandler()
processor = HelloWorld.Processor(handler)
transport = TSocket.TServerSocket(9090)
tfactory = TTransport.TBufferedTransportFactory()
pfactory = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocolFactory()
 
server = TServer.TSimpleServer(processor, transport, tfactory, pfactory)
 
# You could do one of these for a multithreaded server
#server = TServer.TThreadedServer(processor, transport, tfactory, pfactory)
#server = TServer.TThreadPoolServer(processor, transport, tfactory, pfactory)
 
print 'Starting the server...'
server.serve()
print 'done.'
五、编写客户端：
<?php
try{
 
$GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'] = './php/src'; 
require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/Thrift.php';
require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/protocol/TBinaryProtocol.php';
require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/transport/TSocket.php';
require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/transport/THttpClient.php';
require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/transport/TBufferedTransport.php';
error_reporting(E_NONE);
$GEN_DIR = './gen-php';
require_once $GEN_DIR.'/helloworld/HelloWorld.php';
error_reporting(E_ALL);
 
$socket = new TSocket('*.*.*.*', 9090);
$transport = new TBufferedTransport($socket, 1024, 1024);
$protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport);
$client = new HelloWorldClient($protocol);
 
$transport->open();
 
$a = $client->ping('xyq ');
echo $a;
 
$transport->close();
 
} catch (TException $tx) {
print 'TException: '.$tx->getMessage()."/n";
}
 
?>
按上面的流程就可以写自己的thrift了，我使用py做服务端，用php做客户端，当然也可以使用c++来做服务端。