RSA数字证书管理分为以下几个部分:
1:在存储区内创建数字证书;
2:导出数字证书私钥;
3:导出数字证书公钥;
4:导入数字证书;
5:读取数字证书。
1:在.net开发环境中,在证书存储区内创建数字证书
数字证书生成,需要指定证书主题,以及本机makecert.exe程序路径,因为证书制作实际上还是用makecert.exe来生成的。生成数字证书代码 如下:
/// <summary> /// 根据指定的证书名和makecert全路径生成证书(包含公钥和私钥,并保存在MY存储区) /// </summary> /// <param name="subjectName"></param> /// <param name="makecertPath"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool CreateCertWithPrivateKey(string subjectName, string makecertPath) { subjectName = "CN=" + subjectName; string param = " -pe -ss my -n \"" + subjectName + "\" "; try { Process p = Process.Start(makecertPath, param); p.WaitForExit(); p.Close(); } catch (Exception e) { return false; } return true; }
2:导出数字证书公钥
导出数字证书的公钥(cer)需要指定需要导出的证书主题,并指定路径,从系统证书存储区导出cer公钥文件,代码如下:
/// <summary> /// 从WINDOWS证书存储区的个人MY区找到主题为subjectName的证书,并导出为CER文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="subjectName"></param> /// <param name="cerFileName"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool ExportToCerFile(string subjectName, string cerFileName) { subjectName = "CN=" + subjectName; var store = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.CurrentUser); store.Open(OpenFlags.ReadWrite); var storecollection = store.Certificates; foreach (var x509 in storecollection) { if (x509.Subject == subjectName) { Debug.Print(string.Format("certificate name: {0}", x509.Subject)); //byte[] pfxByte = x509.Export(X509ContentType.Pfx, password); byte[] cerByte = x509.Export(X509ContentType.Cert); using (var fileStream = new FileStream(cerFileName, FileMode.Create)) { // Write the data to the file, byte by byte. ; i < cerByte.Length; i++) fileStream.WriteByte(cerByte[i]); // Set the stream position to the beginning of the file. fileStream.Seek(, SeekOrigin.Begin); // Read and verify the data. ; i < fileStream.Length; i++) { if (cerByte[i] != fileStream.ReadByte()) { fileStream.Close(); return false; } } fileStream.Close(); } } } store.Close(); store = null; storecollection = null; return true; }
3:导出数字证书私钥
导出数字证书的私钥(pfx)需要指定需要导出的证书主题,私钥证书密码,以及保存路径,从系统证书存储区导出pfx私钥文件,代码如下:
/// <summary> /// 从WINDOWS证书存储区的个人MY区找到主题为subjectName的证书, /// 并导出为pfx文件,同时为其指定一个密码 /// 并将证书从个人区删除(如果isDelFromstore为true) /// </summary> /// <param name="subjectName">证书主题,不包含CN=</param> /// <param name="pfxFileName">pfx文件名</param> /// <param name="password">pfx文件密码</param> /// <param name="isDelFromStore">是否从存储区删除</param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool ExportToPfxFile(string subjectName, string pfxFileName, string password, bool isDelFromStore) { subjectName = "CN=" + subjectName; var store = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.CurrentUser); store.Open(OpenFlags.ReadWrite); var storecollection = store.Certificates; foreach (var x509 in storecollection) { if (x509.Subject == subjectName) { Debug.Print(string.Format("certificate name: {0}", x509.Subject)); byte[] pfxByte = x509.Export(X509ContentType.Pfx, password); using (var fileStream = new FileStream(pfxFileName, FileMode.Create)) { // Write the data to the file, byte by byte. ; i < pfxByte.Length; i++) fileStream.WriteByte(pfxByte[i]); // Set the stream position to the beginning of the file. fileStream.Seek(, SeekOrigin.Begin); // Read and verify the data. ; i < fileStream.Length; i++) { if (pfxByte[i] != fileStream.ReadByte()) { fileStream.Close(); return false; } } fileStream.Close(); } if (isDelFromStore == true) store.Remove(x509); } } store.Close(); store = null; storecollection = null; return true; }
4:导入数字证书
在获取了数字证书的公钥与私钥文件之后,
服务器端导入pfx数字证书(私钥),在客户端导入cer数字证书(公钥)。具体导入注意事项如下:
1:数字证书(cer,pfx)导入的存储位置选择“本地计算机”;
2:私钥证书(pfx)导入需要输入数字证书生成密码,并且勾选”标志此密钥为可导出的密钥…“复选框;
3:指定证书导入位置,浏览选择项:“可信任人”选项;
服务器端及客户端均按照上述流程导入即可。
5:读取数字证书
读取私钥证书:
/// <summary> /// 根据私钥证书得到证书实体,得到实体后可以根据其公钥和私钥进行加解密 /// 加解密函数使用DEncrypt的RSACryption类 /// </summary> /// <param name="pfxFileName"></param> /// <param name="password"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static X509Certificate2 GetCertificateFromPfxFile(string pfxFileName, string password) { try { return new X509Certificate2(pfxFileName, password, X509KeyStorageFlags.Exportable); } catch (Exception e) { return null; } }
读取公钥证书:
/// <summary> /// 根据公钥证书,返回证书实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="cerPath"></param> public static X509Certificate2 GetCertFromCerFile(string cerPath) { try { return new X509Certificate2(cerPath); } catch (Exception e) { return null; } }