前面学习了redis的知识后,下面学习一下如何在java中通过jedis操作redis。
所需jar包:commons-pool-xxxx.jar,jedis-xxx.jar
下面看一下常用操作:
1、测试联通性
public class Demo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//连接本地的 Redis 服务
Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1",6379);
//查看服务是否运行,打出pong表示OK
System.out.println("connection is OK==========>: "+jedis.ping());
}
}
2、五大数据类型操作
package com.atguigu.redis.test; import java.util.*; import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis; public class Test02
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{ Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1",6379);
//key
Set<String> keys = jedis.keys("*");
for (Iterator iterator = keys.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
String key = (String) iterator.next();
System.out.println(key);
}
System.out.println("jedis.exists====>"+jedis.exists("k2"));
System.out.println(jedis.ttl("k1"));
//String
//jedis.append("k1","myreids");
System.out.println(jedis.get("k1"));
jedis.set("k4","k4_redis");
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
jedis.mset("str1","v1","str2","v2","str3","v3");
System.out.println(jedis.mget("str1","str2","str3"));
//list
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
//jedis.lpush("mylist","v1","v2","v3","v4","v5");
List<String> list = jedis.lrange("mylist",0,-1);
for (String element : list) {
System.out.println(element);
}
//set
jedis.sadd("orders","jd001");
jedis.sadd("orders","jd002");
jedis.sadd("orders","jd003");
Set<String> set1 = jedis.smembers("orders");
for (Iterator iterator = set1.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
String string = (String) iterator.next();
System.out.println(string);
}
jedis.srem("orders","jd002");
System.out.println(jedis.smembers("orders").size());
//hash
jedis.hset("hash1","userName","lisi");
System.out.println(jedis.hget("hash1","userName"));
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
map.put("telphone","13811814763");
map.put("address","atguigu");
map.put("email","abc@163.com");
jedis.hmset("hash2",map);
List<String> result = jedis.hmget("hash2", "telphone","email");
for (String element : result) {
System.out.println(element);
}
//zset
jedis.zadd("zset01",60d,"v1");
jedis.zadd("zset01",70d,"v2");
jedis.zadd("zset01",80d,"v3");
jedis.zadd("zset01",90d,"v4"); Set<String> s1 = jedis.zrange("zset01",0,-1);
for (Iterator iterator = s1.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
String string = (String) iterator.next();
System.out.println(string);
} }
}
3、事务操作
基本操作
package com.atguigu.redis.test; import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.Response;
import redis.clients.jedis.Transaction; public class Test03
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1",6379); //监控key,如果该动了事务就被放弃
/*3
jedis.watch("serialNum");
jedis.set("serialNum","s#####################");
jedis.unwatch();*/ Transaction transaction = jedis.multi();//被当作一个命令进行执行
Response<String> response = transaction.get("serialNum");
transaction.set("serialNum","s002");
response = transaction.get("serialNum");
transaction.lpush("list3","a");
transaction.lpush("list3","b");
transaction.lpush("list3","c"); transaction.exec();
//2 transaction.discard();
System.out.println("serialNum***********"+response.get()); }
}
加锁
public class TestTransaction { public boolean transMethod() {
Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1", 6379);
int balance;// 可用余额
int debt;// 欠额
int amtToSubtract = 10;// 实刷额度 jedis.watch("balance");
//jedis.set("balance","5");//此句不该出现,讲课方便。模拟其他程序已经修改了该条目
balance = Integer.parseInt(jedis.get("balance"));
if (balance < amtToSubtract) {
jedis.unwatch();
System.out.println("modify");
return false;
} else {
System.out.println("***********transaction");
Transaction transaction = jedis.multi();
transaction.decrBy("balance", amtToSubtract);
transaction.incrBy("debt", amtToSubtract);
transaction.exec();
balance = Integer.parseInt(jedis.get("balance"));
debt = Integer.parseInt(jedis.get("debt")); System.out.println("*******" + balance);
System.out.println("*******" + debt);
return true;
}
} /**
* 通俗点讲,watch命令就是标记一个键,如果标记了一个键, 在提交事务前如果该键被别人修改过,那事务就会失败,这种情况通常可以在程序中
* 重新再尝试一次。
* 首先标记了键balance,然后检查余额是否足够,不足就取消标记,并不做扣减; 足够的话,就启动事务进行更新操作,
* 如果在此期间键balance被其它人修改, 那在提交事务(执行exec)时就会报错, 程序中通常可以捕获这类错误再重新执行一次,直到成功。
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestTransaction test = new TestTransaction();
boolean retValue = test.transMethod();
System.out.println("main retValue-------: " + retValue);
}
}
使用exec或者discard会取消所有监控,当watch后发现内容有改变或不可以使用(如余额不足),可以unwatch,然后重新上面的过程,当exec后发现因为watch的内容有修改而失败,也要重复watch再exec,当事务执行出异常时,可以discard,相当于rollback,即回滚。
4、主从复制
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException
{
Jedis jedis_M = new Jedis("127.0.0.1",6379);
Jedis jedis_S = new Jedis("127.0.0.1",6380); jedis_S.slaveof("127.0.0.1",6379); jedis_M.set("k6","v6");
Thread.sleep(500);
System.out.println(jedis_S.get("k6"));
}
5、jedis连接池
类比数据库中的数据库连接池和线程中的线程池,redis也有一个jedis池,是java的redis连接池
package com.atguigu.redis.test; import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig; public class JedisPoolUtil { private static volatile JedisPool jedisPool = null;//被volatile修饰的变量不会被本地线程缓存,对该变量的读写都是直接操作共享内存。 private JedisPoolUtil() {} public static JedisPool getJedisPoolInstance()
{
if(null == jedisPool)
{
synchronized (JedisPoolUtil.class)
{
if(null == jedisPool)
{
JedisPoolConfig poolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
poolConfig.setMaxActive(1000);
poolConfig.setMaxIdle(32);
poolConfig.setMaxWait(100*1000);
poolConfig.setTestOnBorrow(true); jedisPool = new JedisPool(poolConfig,"127.0.0.1");
}
}
}
return jedisPool;
} public static void release(JedisPool jedisPool,Jedis jedis)
{
if(null != jedis)
{
jedisPool.returnResourceObject(jedis);
}
}
}
package com.atguigu.redis.test; import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool; public class Test01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JedisPool jedisPool = JedisPoolUtil.getJedisPoolInstance();
Jedis jedis = null; try
{
jedis = jedisPool.getResource();
jedis.set("k18","v183"); } catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JedisPoolUtil.release(jedisPool, jedis);
}
}
}
上面的代码可以实现下面的效果
配置参数
JedisPool的配置参数大部分是由JedisPoolConfig的对应项来赋值的。
maxActive:控制一个pool可分配多少个jedis实例,通过pool.getResource()来获取;如果赋值为-1,则表示不限制;如果pool已经分配了maxActive个jedis实例,则此时pool的状态为exhausted。
maxIdle:控制一个pool最多有多少个状态为idle(空闲)的jedis实例;
whenExhaustedAction:表示当pool中的jedis实例都被allocated完时,pool要采取的操作;默认有三种。
WHEN_EXHAUSTED_FAIL --> 表示无jedis实例时,直接抛出NoSuchElementException;
WHEN_EXHAUSTED_BLOCK --> 则表示阻塞住,或者达到maxWait时抛出JedisConnectionException;
WHEN_EXHAUSTED_GROW --> 则表示新建一个jedis实例,也就说设置的maxActive无用;
maxWait:表示当borrow一个jedis实例时,最大的等待时间,如果超过等待时间,则直接抛JedisConnectionException;
testOnBorrow:获得一个jedis实例的时候是否检查连接可用性(ping());如果为true,则得到的jedis实例均是可用的;
testOnReturn:return 一个jedis实例给pool时,是否检查连接可用性(ping());
testWhileIdle:如果为true,表示有一个idle object evitor线程对idle object进行扫描,如果validate失败,此object会被从pool中drop掉;这一项只有在 timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis大于0时才有意义;
timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis:表示idle object evitor两次扫描之间要sleep的毫秒数;
numTestsPerEvictionRun:表示idle object evitor每次扫描的最多的对象数;
minEvictableIdleTimeMillis:表示一个对象至少停留在idle状态的最短时间,然后才能被idle object evitor扫描并驱逐;这一项只有在timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis大于0时才有意义;
softMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis:在minEvictableIdleTimeMillis基础上,加入了至少minIdle个对象已经在pool里面了。如果为-1,evicted不会根据idle time驱逐任何对象。如果minEvictableIdleTimeMillis>0,则此项设置无意义,且只有在timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis大于0时才有意义;
lifo:borrowObject返回对象时,是采用DEFAULT_LIFO(last in first out,即类似cache的最频繁使用队列),如果为False,则表示FIFO队列;
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其中JedisPoolConfig对一些参数的默认设置如下:
testWhileIdle=true
minEvictableIdleTimeMills=60000
timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=30000
numTestsPerEvictionRun=-1