好久不写微博了，最近抱着linux乱啃。这不，老师催着交进制转换和ASC编码的作业，程序网上海了去了，就是自己太长时间没写程序，手疼的痒痒，所以今天自己写一次。其实啊，进制转化什么的，python都有内置函数，我也懒得自己敲，真正想解决的就是用户从文本框输入审查的问题。
正所谓，没一个用户是正常的！就像二进制转十进制的问题，你能指望用户输入的全部都是丨和0吗？（没错，那不是1，那也不是| 那是丨（拼音：gun））对吧，这样的非法字符串直接丢给python内置函数，无疑就是game over。所以我增加了输入审查。
敲黑板，划重点：
软件功能：有三个文本框，对应二进制，十进制，十六进制。任意一个文本框内容改变，其他文本框也改变。就是一个进制转换工具。
1. 输入审查位置
我在两种情况下增加了输入审查机制。
1. 文本框内容被修改时。
2.用户触发运算机制时（就是将文本框字符串传递给其他函数时）。
2.输入审查内容
根据不同的需要，有不同的输入审查内容。我从简到繁来讲解下。
1.二进制输入审查
我们都知道，二进制只有0和1两个字符。我们从槽函数获取到的是字符串，只要审查它是不是只有0和1两 个字符就行。
1. 对字符串审查的函数
'审查st字符串中是否都是二进制字符'
def check_two(st):
a=['1', '0'] #创建一个列表，存放二进制字符
for x in st: #对字符串st进行遍历
if x not in a: #如果字符串st中的元素有不在a列表中的
return False #则返回错误
return True #经过遍历，未返回错误，则返回正确
2. 对不合法字符进行删除
如果用户输入了一个不合法的字符，我们就将二进制文本框的最后一个字符删掉。这样的话，对用户来说，他在字符串末尾输入了一个不合法字符，结果文本框内容根本没变化。（如果输入一串不合法字符，或是在合法字符前输入的话，就会循环触发槽函数，从后向前删除字符，直到删除的只剩合法字符为止！例如：原来是111000111，输入了一个2，变成：1110002111，触发槽函数，最后变成：111000）
@pyqtSlot(str)
def on_two_textChanged(self, p0):
"""
当二进制文本框内容发生改变时，触发这个槽函数
"""
if self.two.text() != "" : #如果二进制文本框内容是空的话，则触发else（主要是针对用户输入了，自己又删空，导致十进制和十六进制文本框不能为空的状态）
if check_two(self.two.text()): #检查字符串内是否全是二进制字符，否则触发自我修改机制
t=str(int(self.two.text(),2)) #以下是计算，输出的内容
s=hex(int(t))
self.ten.setText(t)
self.six.setText(s[2:])
else:
self.two.setText(self.two.text()[:-1]) #将文本框内容的最后一个字符删掉
else: #清空十进制和十六进制（six）的内容
self.ten.setText('')
self.six.setText('')
2.十进制输入审查
和二进制同理，只不过审查函数数组a变一下。十六进制一样的啦
def check_ten(st):
a=['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0']
for x in st:
if x not in a:
return False
return True
3.对ASCII字符进行审查
1.审查函数
如果输入的不是ASCII的字符的话则返回错误，否则则返回正确。主要借用了ord(c)函数，作用是把字符转化为对应的十 进制数字，我们知道，ASCII表字符从0-127所以对应数字大于128的肯定不是ASCII字符，所以一个遍历就可以判断，再调用。上面所写的修改函数，就可以让用户输不进去非ASCII字符了。
'审查字符串str中是不是全是ASCII的字符'
def check_asc(str):
for x in str: #遍历字符串str
if ord(x)>128: #ord（c）是将字符c转化为对应的十进制数字，如果这个数字大于128则不是ASCii表字符
return False
return True
下面附程序全部界面
ps: 我就是天域至尊
附全部源码：
源码工程文件包及打包好的应用程序下载地址：
窗口布局代码：Ui_first.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'C:\Users\Liang\Desktop\新建文件夹\frist.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.9.2
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
MainWindow.resize(564, 492)
self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
self.formLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.formLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 30, 261, 118))
self.formLayoutWidget.setObjectName("formLayoutWidget")
self.formLayout = QtWidgets.QFormLayout(self.formLayoutWidget)
self.formLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
self.formLayout.setObjectName("formLayout")
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formLayoutWidget)
self.label.setObjectName("label")
self.formLayout.setWidget(0, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.label)
self.ten = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.formLayoutWidget)
self.ten.setObjectName("ten")
self.formLayout.setWidget(0, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.ten)
self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formLayoutWidget)
self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
self.formLayout.setWidget(1, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.label_2)
self.two = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.formLayoutWidget)
self.two.setObjectName("two")
self.formLayout.setWidget(1, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.two)
self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formLayoutWidget)
self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")
self.formLayout.setWidget(2, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.label_3)
self.six = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.formLayoutWidget)
self.six.setObjectName("six")
self.formLayout.setWidget(2, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.six)
self.cleck_num = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.formLayoutWidget)
self.cleck_num.setObjectName("cleck_num")
self.formLayout.setWidget(3, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.cleck_num)
spacerItem = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(20, 40, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
self.formLayout.setItem(4, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, spacerItem)
self.gridLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.gridLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 180, 471, 281))
self.gridLayoutWidget.setObjectName("gridLayoutWidget")
self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.gridLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
self.A_answer = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.A_answer.setObjectName("A_answer")
self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.A_answer, 1, 1, 1, 1)
spacerItem1 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout.addItem(spacerItem1, 1, 2, 1, 1)
spacerItem2 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout.addItem(spacerItem2, 1, 0, 1, 1)
self.B_answer = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.B_answer.setObjectName("B_answer")
self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.B_answer, 1, 3, 1, 1)
spacerItem3 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout.addItem(spacerItem3, 1, 4, 1, 1)
self.clickASC = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.clickASC.setObjectName("clickASC")
self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.clickASC, 2, 3, 1, 1)
spacerItem4 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout.addItem(spacerItem4, 2, 2, 1, 1)
self.gridLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
self.gridLayout_2.setObjectName("gridLayout_2")
self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.label_4.setObjectName("label_4")
self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.label_4, 0, 3, 1, 1)
self.label_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.label_5.setObjectName("label_5")
self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.label_5, 0, 1, 1, 1)
self.A_end = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.A_end.setObjectName("A_end")
self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.A_end, 1, 3, 1, 1)
self.A_first = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.A_first.setObjectName("A_first")
self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.A_first, 1, 1, 1, 1)
spacerItem5 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(20, 40, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
self.gridLayout_2.addItem(spacerItem5, 2, 1, 1, 1)
spacerItem6 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout_2.addItem(spacerItem6, 0, 0, 1, 1)
spacerItem7 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout_2.addItem(spacerItem7, 0, 4, 1, 1)
spacerItem8 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout_2.addItem(spacerItem8, 0, 2, 1, 1)
self.A_begin = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.A_begin.setObjectName("A_begin")
self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.A_begin, 2, 3, 1, 1)
self.gridLayout.addLayout(self.gridLayout_2, 0, 1, 1, 1)
self.gridLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
self.gridLayout_3.setObjectName("gridLayout_3")
spacerItem9 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(20, 40, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
self.gridLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem9, 2, 1, 1, 1)
self.label_6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.label_6.setObjectName("label_6")
self.gridLayout_3.addWidget(self.label_6, 0, 3, 1, 1)
self.label_7 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.label_7.setObjectName("label_7")
self.gridLayout_3.addWidget(self.label_7, 0, 1, 1, 1)
self.B_frist = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.B_frist.setObjectName("B_frist")
self.gridLayout_3.addWidget(self.B_frist, 1, 1, 1, 1)
spacerItem10 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem10, 0, 0, 1, 1)
self.B_end = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.B_end.setObjectName("B_end")
self.gridLayout_3.addWidget(self.B_end, 1, 3, 1, 1)
spacerItem11 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem11, 0, 4, 1, 1)
spacerItem12 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.gridLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem12, 0, 2, 1, 1)
self.B_begin = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.B_begin.setObjectName("B_begin")
self.gridLayout_3.addWidget(self.B_begin, 2, 3, 1, 1)
self.gridLayout.addLayout(self.gridLayout_3, 0, 3, 1, 1)
spacerItem13 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(20, 40, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
self.gridLayout.addItem(spacerItem13, 3, 1, 1, 1)
self.label_8 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 151, 16))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setFamily("新宋体")
font.setPointSize(12)
self.label_8.setFont(font)
self.label_8.setObjectName("label_8")
self.label_9 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 150, 161, 21))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setFamily("新宋体")
font.setPointSize(12)
self.label_9.setFont(font)
self.label_9.setObjectName("label_9")
self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(490, 430, 62, 19))
self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3")
self.label_10 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_10.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(450, 460, 101, 16))
self.label_10.setObjectName("label_10")
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(MainWindow.close)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "十进制"))
self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "二进制"))
self.label_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "十六进制"))
self.cleck_num.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "清零"))
self.clickASC.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "清零"))
self.label_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "A终止位置"))
self.label_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "A起始位置"))
self.A_begin.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "A计算"))
self.label_6.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "B终止位置"))
self.label_7.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "B起始位置"))
self.B_begin.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "B计算"))
self.label_8.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "进制转换工具"))
self.label_9.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "ASC码字符比较工具"))
self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "关闭"))
self.label_10.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "power by 天域至尊"))
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
ui = Ui_MainWindow()
ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
MainWindow.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
槽函数及功能实现代码：first.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Module implementing MainWindow.
"""
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow
from Ui_frist import Ui_MainWindow
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
def check_ten(st):
a=['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0']
for x in st:
if x not in a:
return False
return True
'审查st字符串中是否都是二进制字符'
def check_two(st):
a=['1', '0'] #创建一个列表，存放二进制字符
for x in st: #对字符串st进行遍历
if x not in a: #如果字符串st中的元素有不在a列表中的
return False #则返回错误
return True #经过遍历，未返回错误，则返回正确
def check_six(st):
a=['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F']
for x in st:
if x not in a:
return False
return True
'审查字符串str中是不是全是ASCII的字符'
def check_asc(str):
for x in str: #遍历字符串str
if ord(x)>128: #ord（c）是将字符c转化为对应的十进制数字，如果这个数字大于128则不是ASCii表字符
return False
return True
class MainWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
"""
Class documentation goes here.
"""
def __init__(self, parent=None):
"""
Constructor
@param parent reference to the parent widget
@type QWidget
"""
super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.setupUi(self)
@pyqtSlot(str)
def on_ten_textChanged(self, p0):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
@param p0 DESCRIPTION
@type str
"""
if self.ten.text() != "":
if check_ten(self.ten.text()):
self.two.setText(bin(int(self.ten.text()))[2:])
self.six.setText(hex(int(self.ten.text()))[2:])
else:
self.ten.setText(self.ten.text()[:-1])
else:
self.two.setText('')
self.six.setText('')
@pyqtSlot(str)
def on_two_textChanged(self, p0):
"""
当二进制文本框内容发生改变时，触发这个槽函数
"""
if self.two.text() != "" : #如果二进制文本框内容是空的话，则触发else（主要是针对用户输入了，自己又删空，导致十进制和十六进制文本框不能为空的状态）
if check_two(self.two.text()): #检查字符串内是否全是二进制字符，否则触发自我修改机制
t=str(int(self.two.text(),2)) #以下是计算，输出的内容
s=hex(int(t))
self.ten.setText(t)
self.six.setText(s[2:])
else:
self.two.setText(self.two.text()[:-1]) #将文本框内容的最后一个字符删掉
else: #清空十进制和十六进制（six）的内容
self.ten.setText('')
self.six.setText('')
@pyqtSlot(str)
def on_six_textChanged(self, p0):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
@param p0 DESCRIPTION
@type str
"""
if self.six.text() != "":
if check_six(self.six.text()):
t=int(self.six.text(), 16)
tw=bin(int(t))
self.two.setText(str(tw)[2:])
self.ten.setText(str(t))
else:
self.six.setText(self.six.text()[:-1])
else:
self.two.setText('')
self.ten.setText('')
@pyqtSlot()
def on_A_begin_clicked(self):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
"""
if len(self.A_first.text())==1 and len(self.A_end.text())==1 and check_asc(self.A_first.text()) and check_asc(self.A_end.text()):
if ord(self.A_first.text()[0])>ord(self.A_end.text()[0]):
f=ord(self.A_end.text()[0])
e=ord(self.A_first.text()[0])
else:
f=ord(self.A_first.text()[0])
e=ord(self.A_end.text()[0])
self.A_answer.append('字符'+' '+'编码')
while f<=e:
self.A_answer.append(chr(f)+' '+str(f))
f=f+1
else:
self.A_answer.setText("错误！您输入的A数据有误！")
@pyqtSlot()
def on_cleck_num_clicked(self):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
"""
self.two.setText('')
self.ten.setText('')
self.six.setText('')
@pyqtSlot()
def on_clickASC_clicked(self):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
"""
self.A_answer.setText("")
self.A_first.setText("")
self.A_end.setText("")
self.B_end.setText("")
self.B_frist.setText("")
self.B_answer.setText("")
@pyqtSlot()
def on_B_begin_clicked(self):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
"""
if len(self.B_frist.text())==1 and len(self.B_end.text())==1 and check_asc(self.B_frist.text()) and check_asc(self.B_end.text()):
if ord(self.B_frist.text()[0])>ord(self.B_end.text()[0]):
f=ord(self.B_end.text()[0])
e=ord(self.B_frist.text()[0])
else:
f=ord(self.B_frist.text()[0])
e=ord(self.B_end.text()[0])
self.B_answer.append('字符'+' '+'编码')
while f<=e:
self.B_answer.append(chr(f)+' '+str(f))
f=f+1
else:
self.B_answer.setText("错误！您输入的B数据有误！")
@pyqtSlot(str)
def on_A_end_textChanged(self, p0):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
@param p0 DESCRIPTION
@type str
"""
if check_asc(self.A_end.text()):
if len(self.A_end.text())>1:
self.A_end.setText(self.A_end.text()[-1])
else:
self.A_end.setText('')
@pyqtSlot(str)
def on_A_first_textChanged(self, p0):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
@param p0 DESCRIPTION
@type str
"""
if check_asc(self.A_first.text()):
if len(self.A_first.text())>1:
self.A_first.setText(self.A_first.text()[-1])
else:
self.A_first.setText('')
@pyqtSlot(str)
def on_B_frist_textChanged(self, p0):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
@param p0 DESCRIPTION
@type str
"""
if check_asc(self.B_frist.text()):
if len(self.B_frist.text())>1:
self.B_frist.setText(self.B_frist.text()[-1])
else:
self.B_frist.setText('')
@pyqtSlot(str)
def on_B_end_textChanged(self, p0):
"""
Slot documentation goes here.
@param p0 DESCRIPTION
@type str
"""
if check_asc(self.B_end.text()):
if len(self.B_end.text())>1:
self.B_end.setText(self.B_end.text()[-1])
else:
self.B_end.setText('')
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
ui = MainWindow()
ui.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())