把一个类变成具体的实例化的过程叫做类
实例化：把一个类变成一个具体对象的过程
__init__ 构造函数，在实例化时初始化数据
__init__方法的第一个参数永远是self，表示创建的实例本身，因此，在__init__方法内部，就可以把各种属性绑定到self，因为self就指向创建的实例本身。
class dog:
def __init__(self):
pass
def res(self,name):
print("%s miao xingren" % name)
def bulk(self,age):
print("%s miao xingren" %age)
a1=dog()
a1.bulk("dddd")
a1.res("dddd")
__del__方法是个析构函数，是用来将实例销毁的函数，做收尾工作，例如关闭数据库等
# #----先去实例里去找，如果没有 再去类里去找
# class Role(object):
# n=123
# name="alex"
# n_list=[]
# def __init__(self, role, weapon, life_value=100, money=15000):
# #self.name = name
#
# self.role = role
#
# self.weapon = weapon
#
# self.__life_value = life_value
#
# self.money = money
#
# def shot(self):
# print("shooting...")
#
# def got_shot(self):
# print (type(self.__life_value))
# self.__life_value -=50
# print("ah...,I got shot...%s"%self.__life_value)
#
# def show_status(self):
# return ("life_val:%s"%self.__life_value)
#
# def buy_gun(self, gun_name):
# print("%s has just bought %s"%(self.name, gun_name) )
# def __del__(self): #析构函数
# pass
# # print("%s 死了"%(self.name))
# r1 = Role('police', 'AK47') #实例化
# r2 = Role( 'terrorist', 'B22') #生成一个角色
# r1.buy_gun("AKR1")
# r1.got_shot()
# print(r1.show_status()) #del r1
#子类继承父类的功能
class people:
def __init__(self,name,age):
self._NAME=name
self._AGE=age
def cry(self):
print ("%s man "%self._NAME)
def sleep(self):
print("%s is sleep"%self._NAME)
class man(people):
def piao(self):
print ("%s is piao..."%self._NAME)
people.sleep(self)
print("%s is sleep"%self._NAME)
class women(people):
def shop(self):
print("%s is shop..."%self._NAME)
M1=man("zhangsan",22)
M1.piao()
M1.sleep()
M2=women("lisi",11)
M2.shop()
# super用法
class people:
def __init__(self,name,age):
self._NAME=name
self._AGE=age
def cry(self):
print ("%s man "%self._NAME)
def sleep(self):
print("%s is sleep"%self._NAME)
class man(people):
def __init__(self,name,age,money):
#people.__init__(self,name,age)
super(man,self).__init__(name,age) ###一般都用这个
self.MOENEY=money
print("%s is money%s"%(self._NAME,self.MOENEY))
def piao(self):
print ("%s is piao..."%self._NAME)
people.sleep(self)
print("%s is sleep"%self._NAME)
class women(people):
def shop(self):
print("%s is shop..."%self._NAME)
M1=man("zhangsan",22,100)
M1.piao()
M1.sleep()
M2=women("lisi",11)
M2.shop()
多态：一种接口 多种形态，多态是接口重用
#-*- coding:utf8 -*-
class school(object):
def __init__(self,name,adree):
self._name=name
self._addree=adree
self.students=[]
self.teachers=[]
self.staffs=[]
def enroll(self,stu_obj):
print("为%s同学办理入学手续"%stu_obj._name)
self.students.append(stu_obj)
def hire(self,staff_obj):
self.staffs.append(staff_obj)
print("为%s 雇佣新员工" % staff_obj._name)
class school_member(object):
def __init__(self,name,age,sex):
self._name=name
self._age=age
self._sex=sex
def tell(self):
print('''
info of is %s
name:%s
age:%s
sex:%s
salary:%s
course:%s
''' % (self._name, self._age, self._sex, self._course, self._salary))
class teacher(school_member):
def __init__(self,name,age,sex,salary,course):
super(teacher,self).__init__(name,age,sex)
self._salary=salary
self._course=course def tell(self):
print('''
-------info of is %s---------
name:%s
age:%s
sex:%s
salary:%s
course:%s '''%(self._name,self._name,self._age,self._sex,self._course,self._salary))
def teach (self):
print("%s is teaching course[%s]"%(self._name,self._course)) class student(school_member):
def __init__(self,name,age,sex,stu_id,grade):
super(student,self).__init__(name,age,sex)
self._stu_id=stu_id
self._grade=grade
def tell(self):
print('''
info of is %s
name:%s
age:%s
sex:%s
stu_id:%s
grade:%s
''' % (self._name,self._name, self._age, self._sex, self._stu_id, self._grade))
def pay_tuition(self,amount):
print("%s jiao le $%s"%(self._name,amount))
t1=teacher("tom",20,"MF",777,"LINUX")
t2=teacher("JONSON",20,"F",7707,"PYTHON")
s1=student("zhangsan",20,"M",1001,"LINUX")
s2=student("lisi",20,"M",1002,"python")
SCHOOL=school("老男孩It","沙河") t2.tell() #显示教师信息
s1.tell() #显示学生信息
s2.pay_tuition(1000)#学生可以教学费
SCHOOL.enroll(s1)#学校为学生注册
SCHOOL.hire(t2)#学校雇佣老师
print(SCHOOL.students)
print(SCHOOL.staffs)
SCHOOL.staffs[0].teach()
for stu in SCHOOL.students:
stu.pay_tuition(5000)
class Animal:
def __init__(self, name): # Constructor of the class self.name = name def talk(self):
pass
class Cat(Animal):
def talk(self):
print('Meow!')
class Dog(Animal):
def talk(self):
print('Woof! Woof!')
d1=Cat("zhangsan")
d1.talk()
d2=Dog("lisi")
d2.talk() #另一种方法
class Animal:
def __init__(self, name): # Constructor of the class self.name = name def talk(self): # Abstract method, defined by convention only #raise NotImplementedError("Subclass must implement abstract method")
pass
@staticmethod
def animal_talk(obj): obj.talk() class Cat(Animal):
def talk(self):
print('Meow!')
class Dog(Animal):
def talk(self):
print('Woof! Woof!')
d1=Cat("zhangsan")
d2=Dog("lisi")
Animal.animal_talk(d1)
Animal.animal_talk(d2)
继承的查找策略（广度优先--python3、深度优先python2）
#-*- coding:utf8 -*-
class A(object):
def __init__(self):
print("A")
class B (A):
def __init__(self):
print("B")
class C (A):
pass
# def __init__(self):
# print("C")
class D(B,C):
pass
# def __init__(self):
#
# print("D")
obj=D() #注意：
#python3中先D-B-C-A
#python2中先D-B-A-C