作业:jobs
分类:
前台作业(foregroud):通过终端启动,且启动后会一直占据终端
后台作业(backgroud):可以通过终端启动,但启动后即转入后台运行(释放终端)
如何让作业运行于后台?
(1),对于运行中的作业,
Ctrl + z
[注意:作业送往后台,作业会转为停止状态]
(2),对于尚未启动的作业
# COMMAND &
[注意:此类作业虽然被送往后台,但其依然与终端相关]
如果希望把送往后台的作业剥离与终端的关系: # nohup COMMAND &
查看所有的作业: jobs命令
[root@test1 ~]# jobs
[1] Stopped vim xx.txt [1] 代表作业号
[2]- Stopped vim /etc/fstab [-] 代表默认被管理的
[3]+ Stopped htop [+] 代表下一个就被调回来
[root@test1 ~]#
可实现作业控制的常用命令:
# fg [[%]JOB_NUM]:把指定的作业调回前台; # bg [[%]JOB_NUM]:让送往后台的作业在后台继续运行; # kill %JOB_NUM:终止指定的作业;
示例1:创建作业时就掉到后台
[root@test1 ~]# htop & [3] 14097
示例2:查看所有的作业
[root@test1 ~]# jobs [1] Stopped vim /etc/fstab [2]- Stopped vim /etc/yum.conf [3]+ Stopped htop
示例3:把后台作业调回前台
[root@test1 ~]# jobs [1] Stopped vim /etc/fstab [2]- Stopped vim /etc/yum.conf [3]+ Stopped htop [root@test1 ~]# fg 【默认调回的是第三个作业】 [root@test1 ~]# fg 1 # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Wed May 23 16:31:43 2018 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=a314ef77-f6bf-451a-9d42-2b2e68b96d6b / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=2ee9e381-2283-44a7-9e5a-25ff00b6c91b /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=61b418bf-9d80-4285-9b6f-e6a6d23acd6b swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [root@test1 ~]# fg %1 # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Wed May 23 16:31:43 2018 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=a314ef77-f6bf-451a-9d42-2b2e68b96d6b / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=2ee9e381-2283-44a7-9e5a-25ff00b6c91b /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=61b418bf-9d80-4285-9b6f-e6a6d23acd6b swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
示例4:终止指定作业
[root@test1 ~]# jobs [1]+ Stopped vim /etc/fstab [2]- Stopped vim /etc/yum.conf [3] Stopped htop [root@test1 ~]# kill %2 [2]- Stopped vim /etc/yum.conf