本文主要以实例形式讨论了VC编译环境下,实现字符串和文件编码方式转换的方法,在linux下请使用Strconv来实现。具体方法如下:
一、文件编码格式转换
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if ((file_handle = fopen (filenam, "rb" )) != NULL)
{
//从GB2312源文件以二进制的方式读取buffer
numread = fread (str_buf_pool, sizeof ( char ),POOL_BUFF_SIZE,file_handle);
fclose (file_handle);
//GB2312文件buffer转换成UNICODE
nLen =MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,str_buf_pool,-1,NULL,0);
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,str_buf_pool,-1,( LPWSTR )str_unicode_buf_pool,nLen);
//组装UNICODE Little Endian编码文件文件头标示符"0xFF 0xFE"
//备注:UNICODE Big Endian编码文件文件头标示符"0xFF 0xFE"
//Little Endian与Big Endian编码差异此处不详述
unicode_little_file_header[0]=0xFF;
unicode_little_file_header[1]=0xFE;
//存储目标文件
if ((file_handle= fopen (filenewname, "wb+" )) != NULL)
{
fwrite (unicode_little_file_header, sizeof ( char ),2,file_handle);
numwrite = fwrite (str_unicode_buf_pool, sizeof ( LPWSTR ),nLen,file_handle);
fclose (file_handle);
}
}
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二、字符串编码格式转换
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//GB2312 转换成 Unicode:
wchar_t * GB2312ToUnicode( const char * szGBString)
{
UINT nCodePage = 936; //GB2312
int nLength=MultiByteToWideChar(nCodePage,0,szGBString,-1,NULL,0);
wchar_t * pBuffer = new wchar_t [nLength+1];
MultiByteToWideChar(nCodePage,0,szGBString,-1,pBuffer,nLength);
pBuffer[nLength]=0;
return pBuffer;
}
//BIG5 转换成 Unicode:
wchar_t * BIG5ToUnicode( const char * szBIG5String)
{
UINT nCodePage = 950; //BIG5
int nLength=MultiByteToWideChar(nCodePage,0,szBIG5String,-1,NULL,0);
wchar_t * pBuffer = new wchar_t [nLength+1];
MultiByteToWideChar(nCodePage,0,szBIG5String,-1,pBuffer,nLength);
pBuffer[nLength]=0;
return pBuffer;
}
//Unicode 转换成 GB2312:
char * UnicodeToGB2312( const wchar_t * szUnicodeString)
{
UINT nCodePage = 936; //GB2312
int nLength=WideCharToMultiByte(nCodePage,0,szUnicodeString,-1,NULL,0,NULL,NULL);
char * pBuffer= new char [nLength+1];
WideCharToMultiByte(nCodePage,0,szUnicodeString,-1,pBuffer,nLength,NULL,NULL);
pBuffer[nLength]=0;
return pBuffer;
}
//Unicode 转换成 BIG5:
char * UnicodeToBIG5( const wchar_t * szUnicodeString)
{
UINT nCodePage = 950; //BIG5
int nLength=WideCharToMultiByte(nCodePage,0,szUnicodeString,-1,NULL,0,NULL,NULL);
char * pBuffer= new char [nLength+1];
WideCharToMultiByte(nCodePage,0,szUnicodeString,-1,pBuffer,nLength,NULL,NULL);
pBuffer[nLength]=0;
return pBuffer;
}
//繁体中文BIG5 转换成 简体中文 GB2312
char * BIG5ToGB2312( const char * szBIG5String)
{
LCID lcid = MAKELCID(MAKELANGID(LANG_CHINESE,SUBLANG_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED),SORT_CHINESE_PRC);
wchar_t * szUnicodeBuff = BIG5ToUnicode(szBIG5String);
char * szGB2312Buff = UnicodeToGB2312(szUnicodeBuff);
int nLength = LCMapString(lcid,LCMAP_SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE, szGB2312Buff,-1,NULL,0);
char * pBuffer = new char [nLength + 1];
LCMapString(0x0804,LCMAP_SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE,szGB2312Buff,-1,pBuffer,nLength);
pBuffer[nLength] = 0;
delete [] szUnicodeBuff;
delete [] szGB2312Buff;
return pBuffer;
}
//简体中文 GB2312 转换成 繁体中文BIG5
char * GB2312ToBIG5( const char * szGBString)
{
LCID lcid = MAKELCID(MAKELANGID(LANG_CHINESE,SUBLANG_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED),SORT_CHINESE_PRC);
int nLength = LCMapString(lcid,LCMAP_TRADITIONAL_CHINESE,szGBString,-1,NULL,0);
char * pBuffer= new char [nLength+1];
LCMapString(lcid,LCMAP_TRADITIONAL_CHINESE,szGBString,-1,pBuffer,nLength);
pBuffer[nLength]=0;
wchar_t * pUnicodeBuff = GB2312ToUnicode(pBuffer);
char * pBIG5Buff = UnicodeToBIG5(pUnicodeBuff);
delete [] pBuffer;
delete [] pUnicodeBuff;
return pBIG5Buff;
}
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三、API 函数:MultiByteToWideChar参数说明
第一个参数为代码页, 用 GetLocaleInfo 函数获取当前系统的代码页,936: 简体中文, 950: 繁体中文
第二个参数为选项,一般用 0 就可以了
第三个参数为 ANSI 字符串的地址, 这个字符串是第一个参数指定的语言的 ANSI 字符串 (AnsiString)
第四个参数为 ANSI 字符串的长度,如果用 -1, 就表示是用 0 作为结束符的字符串
第五个参数为转化生成的 unicode 字符串 (WideString) 的地址, 如果为 NULL, 就是代表计算生成的字符串的长度
第六个参数为转化生成的 unicode 字符串缓存的容量,也就是有多少个UNICODE字符。