如何循环并访问多维和关联的数组中的各种元素？ PHP，JSON或XML

I'm retrieving bibliographic data via an API (zotero.org), and it is similar to the sample at the bottom (just way more convoluted - sample is typed).

我正在通过API（zotero.org）检索书目数据，它类似于底部的样本（更复杂的方式 - 输入样本）。

I want to retrieve one or more records and display certain values on the page. For example, I would like to loop through each top level record and print the data in a nicely formated citation. Ignoring the proper bib styles for the moment, let's say I want to just print out the following for each record returned:

我想检索一个或多个记录并在页面上显示某些值。例如，我想循环遍历每个*记录并以精确格式化的引文打印数据。暂时忽略正确的围兜样式，假设我想为每个返回的记录打印出以下内容：

author1 name, author2 name, article title, publication title, key

author1名称，author2名称，文章标题，出版物标题，密钥

This doesn't match the code, because I've clearly been referencing the key value pairs incorrectly and will just make a mess of it.

这与代码不匹配，因为我显然错误地引用了键值对，并且只会弄乱它。

The following is laid out like the data if I request JSON format, though I can request XML data instead. I'm not picky; I've tried using each with no luck.

如果我请求JSON格式，下面的内容就像数据一样，尽管我可以请求XML数据。我不挑剔;我尝试过使用每一个都没有运气。

[
  {
    "key": "123456",
    "state": 100,
    "data": {
      "articleTitle": "Wombat coprogenetics: enumerating a common wombat population by microsatellite analysis of faecal DNA",
      "authors": [
        {
          "firstName": "Sam C.",
          "lastName": "Smith"
        },
        {
          "firstName": "Maxine P.",
          "lastName": "Jones"
        }
      ],
      "pubTitle": "Australian Journal of Zoology",
      "tags": [
         {
          "tag": "scary"
        },
        {
          "tag": "secret rulers of the world"
        }
      ]
   }
 },
 {
   "key": "001122",
   "state": 100,
   "data": {
     "articleTitle": "WOMBAT and WOMBAT-PK: Bioactivity Databases for Lead and Drug Discovery",
     "authors": [
        {
          "firstName": "Marius",
          "lastName": "Damstra"
        }
      ],
      "pubTitle": "Chemical Biology: From Small Molecules to Systems Biology",
      "tags": [
        {
          "tag": "Wrong Wombat"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
]

If there is a mistake in brackets, commas, etc. it is just a typo in my example and not the cause of my issue.

如果括号，逗号等中有错误，这只是我的例子中的一个错字而不是我的问题的原因。

3 个解决方案

#1

decode your json as array and iterate it as any array as flowing:

将您的json解码为数组并将其迭代为任何数组流动：

$json_decoded= json_decode($json,true);

$tab="\t";

foreach ($json_decoded as $key => $val) {
    echo "Article ".$val["key"]."\n" ;
    echo $tab."Authors :\n";
    foreach ($val["data"]["authors"] as $key => $author){
        echo $tab.$tab. ($key+1) ." - ".$author["firstName"]. " ".$author["lastName"]."\n";
    } 

    echo $tab."Article Title: ".$val["data"]["articleTitle"] ."\n";
    echo $tab."Publication Title: ".$val["data"]["pubTitle"] ."\n";
    echo $tab."Key: ".$val["key"]."\n";
}

run on codepad

and you can use the same method for xml as flowing:

并且您可以使用与流动相同的xml方法：

$xml = simplexml_load_string($xmlstring);
$json = json_encode($xml);
$json_decoded = json_decode($json,TRUE);
//the rest is same

for xml you can use the SimpleXml's functions or DOMDocument class

对于xml，您可以使用SimpleXml的函数或DOMDocument类

---

Tip

to know the structure of your data that api return to you after it converted to array use var_dump($your_decoded_json) in debuging

知道你转换为数组后返回给你的数据结构使用var_dump（$ your_decoded_json）进行调试

#2

Something like this might be a good start for you:

这样的事情对你来说可能是一个好的开始：

$output = [];

// Loop through each entry
foreach ($data as $row) {
    // Get the "data" block
    $entry = $row['data'];
    // Start your temporary array
    $each = [
        'article title' => $entry['articleTitle'],
        'publication title' => $entry['pubTitle'],
        'key' => $row['key']
    ];
    // Get each author's name
    foreach ($entry['authors'] as $i => $author) {
        $each['author' . ++$i . ' name'] = $author['firstName'] . ' ' . $author['lastName'];
    }
    // Append it to your output array
    $output[] = $each;
}

print_r($output);

Example: https://eval.in/369313

示例：https：//eval.in/369313

#3

Have you tried to use array_map ?

你试过使用array_map吗？

That would be something like:

这将是这样的：

$entries = json_decode($json, true);
print_r(array_map(function ($entry) {
    return implode(', ', array_map(function ($author) {
        return $author['firstName'];
    }, $entry['data']['authors'])) . ', ' . $entry['data']['articleTitle'] . ', ' . $entry['key'];
}, $entries));