用Perl将字符串拆分为数组。

my $line = "file1.gz file2.gz file3.gz";
my @abc = split('',$line);
print "@abc\n";

Expected output:

预期的输出:

file1.gz
file2.gz
file3.gz

I want the output to be file1.gz in $abc[0], file2.gz in$abc[1], andfile3.gzin$abc[2]`. How do I split?

我希望输出是file1。广州在abc[0],美元file2。广州在美国广播公司[1]美元,美元andfile3.gzin abc[2]”。我怎么分?

5 个解决方案

#1

Splitting a string by whitespace is very simple:

用空格分隔字符串非常简单:

print $_, "\n" for split ' ', 'file1.gz file1.gz file3.gz';

This is a special form of split actually (as this function usually takes patterns instead of strings):

这是一种特殊的分割形式(因为这个函数通常采用模式而不是字符串):

As another special case, split emulates the default behavior of the command line tool awk when the PATTERN is either omitted or a literal string composed of a single space character (such as ' ' or "\x20"). In this case, any leading whitespace in EXPR is removed before splitting occurs, and the PATTERN is instead treated as if it were /\s+/; in particular, this means that any contiguous whitespace (not just a single space character) is used as a separator.

作为另一种特殊情况，split模拟命令行工具awk的默认行为，当模式被省略或由单个空格字符组成的文字字符串(例如“或”\x20)时。在这种情况下，EXPR中的任何主要空格在发生分裂之前都被删除，而模式被当作是/\s+/;特别是，这意味着任何连续的空格(不只是单个空格字符)都用作分隔符。

Here's an answer for the original question (with a simple string without any whitespace):

这里有一个原始问题的答案(没有空格的简单字符串):

Perhaps you want to split on .gz extension:

也许你想要分开。gz扩展:

my $line = "file1.gzfile1.gzfile3.gz";
my @abc = split /(?<=\.gz)/, $line;
print $_, "\n" for @abc;

Here I used (?<=...) construct, which is look-behind assertion, basically making split at each point in the line preceded by .gz substring.

这里我使用了(?<=…)构造，它是在断言后面的，基本上是在前面的每一个点上对.gz子字符串进行分割。

If you work with the fixed set of extensions, you can extend the pattern to include them all:

如果您使用的是固定的扩展集，您可以将模式扩展到包含所有的扩展:

my $line = "file1.gzfile2.txtfile2.gzfile3.xls";
my @exts = ('txt', 'xls', 'gz');
my $patt = join '|', map { '(?<=\.' . $_ . ')' } @exts;
my @abc = split /$patt/, $line;
print $_, "\n" for @abc;

#2

Having $line as it is now, you can simply split the string based on at least one whitespace separator

现在有$line，您可以基于至少一个空格分隔符来拆分字符串。

my @answer = split(' ', $line); # creates an @answer array

then

然后

print("@answer\n");               # print array on one line

或

print("$_\n") for (@answer);      # print each element on one line

I prefer using () for split, print and for.

我更喜欢用()分割、打印和使用。

#3

Just use /\s+/ against '' as a splitter. In this case all "extra" blanks were removed. Usually this particular behaviour is required. So, in you case it will be:

用/\s+/反对“作为拆分器”。在这种情况下，所有“多余的”空格都被删除了。通常这种特殊的行为是必需的。所以，在你的情况下，它将是:

my $line = "file1.gz file1.gz file3.gz";
my @abc = split(/\s+/, $line);

for my $i in (@abc) {
    print "$i\n";
}

#4

I found this one to be very simple!

我发现这个很简单!

my $line = "file1.gz file2.gz file3.gz";

my @abc =  ($line =~ /(\w+[.]\w+)/g);

print $abc[0],"\n";
print $abc[1],"\n";
print $abc[2],"\n";

output:

输出:

file1.gz 
file2.gz 
file3.gz

Here take a look at this tutorial to find more on Perl regular expression and scroll down to More matching section.

在这里，您可以看看本教程，以找到更多关于Perl正则表达式的内容，并向下滚动到更多的匹配部分。

#5

Hello Rahul Reddy,

你好,拉胡尔Reddy,

You already have multiple answers to your question, though I would like to add another minor one here that might help to add something.

你的问题已经有多个答案了，不过我想在这里添加一个小的答案，可能有助于添加一些东西。

To view complex Data Structures in Perl you can use Data::Dumper and also to print a string you can use say, it adds a new line character (\n) after every string instead of doing it manually.

要查看Perl中复杂的数据结构，您可以使用数据::Dumper，也可以打印您可以使用的字符串，它在每个字符串后面添加一个新的行字符(\n)，而不是手工操作。

I usually use the (\s) that matches (one) whitespace character, if you add the (+) it matches one or more whitespaces (\s+). You can read more about it here perlre.

我通常使用匹配(一个)空格字符的(\s)，如果您添加(+)它匹配一个或多个空格(\s+)。你可以在这里读到更多。

Sample of code:

示例代码:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
use feature 'say';

my $line = "file1.gz file2.gz file3.gz";
my @abc = split /\s+/, $line;
print Dumper \@abc;
say for (@abc);

Hope this helps, BR.

希望这有助于,BR。

#1