无法安装rails 3.2.9:未能构建gem本机扩展

I just cleaned rvm and ruby and reinstalled it. I am trying to install rails but I get this error:

我刚刚清理了rvm和ruby并重新安装了它。我正在安装rails，但是我得到了这个错误:

gem install rails -v 3.2.9

gem安装rails - v3.2.9

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing rails:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
    from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
    from extconf.rb:1:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.8.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generator/gem_make.out

And if I run bundle install with my Gemfile which has rails 3.2.9 and a few more gems I get this error:

如果我用我的Gemfile来运行包，它有rails 3.2.9和更多的宝石，我就会得到这个错误:

An error occurred while installing json (1.8.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install json -v '1.8.1'` succeeds before bundling.

Guess what. Running the suggested command gives me another error:

猜猜看。运行建议的命令会产生另一个错误:

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing json:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
    from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
    from extconf.rb:1:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.8.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generator/gem_make.out

2 个解决方案

#1

Possible duplicate of:

可能的重复:

Unable to install gem - Failed to build gem native extension - cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
无法安装gem -无法构建gem本地扩展-无法加载此类文件- mkmf (LoadError)
`require': no such file to load -- mkmf (LoadError)
“require”:没有要加载的此类文件——mkmf (LoadError)

Depending on your ruby version, run:

根据您的ruby版本，运行:

sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev

#2

A simple google search points to this earlier * question:

一个简单的谷歌搜索指向这个早期的*问题:

Why do I get an error installing the JSON gem in Ubuntu?

为什么在Ubuntu中安装JSON gem时会出错?

Installing the ruby1.9.1-dev package should fix this for you:

安装ruby1.9.1-dev包应该可以为您修复这个问题:

sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev

sudo apt-get安装ruby1.9.1-dev

#1