人生不如意之事十有八九,合并分支往往也不是一帆风顺的。
我们准备新的分支newbranch.
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git checkout -b newbranch
Switched to a new branch 'newbranch'
修改readme.txt,在最后一行添加:
$ cat readme.txt
master分支内容
添加dev分支内容
分支合并测试
在分支newbranch上提交:
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (newbranch)
$ git add readme.txt
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (newbranch)
$ git commit -m "newbranch first commit"
[newbranch cccee34] newbranch first commit
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
切换到master分支上:
$ git checkout master
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 2 commits.
(use "git push" to publish your local commits)
在master分支上把readme.txt文件的最后一行添加:
master分支上的合并测试内容
添加,提交
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git add readme.txt
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git commit -m "master branch merge test"
[master 4bb4c5a] master branch merge test
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
这种情况下,自动合并会出现冲突:
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git merge newbranch
Auto-merging readme.txt
CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in readme.txt
Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
我们直接查看合并后的readme.txt文件内容:
$ cat readme.txt
master分支内容
添加dev分支内容
<<<<<<< HEAD
master分支上的合并测试内容
=======
分支合并测试
>>>>>>> newbranch
Git会用<<<<<<<,=======,>>>>>>>标记不同分支的内容,我们修改一下后保存
master分支内容
添加dev分支内容
master分支上的合并测试内容
分支合并测试
然后添加,提交:
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master|MERGING)
$ git add readme.txt
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master|MERGING)
$ git commit -m "branch merge"
[master f3d8f1e] branch merge
用带参数的git log也可以看到分支的合并情况:
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git log --graph --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit
* f3d8f1e branch merge
|\
| * cccee34 newbranch first commit
* | 4bb4c5a master branch merge test
|/
* 0d0bbca dev first commit
* d5aea29 master first commit
* 023ee21 Initial commit
现在,删除newbranch分支:
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git branch -d newbranch
Deleted branch newbranch (was cccee34).
LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git branch
* master
小结:当Git无法自动合并分支时,就必须首先解决冲突,解决冲突后,再提交,合并完成
可以用$ git log --graph 命令可以看到分支合并图。