如何从Perl中的示例XML文档创建模式？

I need to create a XSD schema based on a XML file. Are there any Perl modules which can do this?

我需要基于XML文件创建XSD架构。有没有可以做到这一点的Perl模块？

1 个解决方案

#1

You can create the XSD by a XSL transformation using any XSLT processor. See XML::XSLT

您可以使用任何XSLT处理器通过XSL转换创建XSD。请参阅XML :: XSLT

An XSD file contains two element types: simple and complex. All leaf nodes have to be translated into simple type elements and the others have to be translated into complex types. Leaf nodes are nodes without any descendants. The corresponding XPath is //*[not(descendant::element())]. The following XSLT implements this approch:

XSD文件包含两种元素类型：简单和复杂。所有叶节点都必须转换为简单类型元素，其他叶节点必须转换为复杂类型。叶节点是没有任何后代的节点。相应的XPath是// * [not（descendant :: element（））]。以下XSLT实现了这个approch：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="2.0" 
                xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
                xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes"/>
  <xsl:template match="/">
    <xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
               elementFormDefault="qualified" 
               attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
      <xsl:for-each select="//*[not(descendant::element())]">
        <xsl:element name="xs:element">
          <xsl:attribute name="name">
            <xsl:value-of select="name()"/>
          </xsl:attribute>
          <xs:simpleType>
            <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
          </xs:simpleType>
        </xsl:element>
      </xsl:for-each>
      <xsl:for-each select="//*[descendant::element()]">
        <xsl:element name="xs:element">
          <xsl:attribute name="name">
            <xsl:value-of select="name()"/>
          </xsl:attribute>
          <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
              <xsl:for-each select="child::*">
                <xsl:element name="xs:element">
                  <xsl:attribute name="ref">
                    <xsl:value-of select="name()"/>
                  </xsl:attribute>
                </xsl:element>
              </xsl:for-each>
            </xs:sequence>
          </xs:complexType>
        </xsl:element>
      </xsl:for-each>
    </xs:schema>
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

The following example:

以下示例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<person>
  <firstname>Peter</firstname>
  <lastname>Pan</lastname>
  <born>
    <year>1904</year>
    <month>12</month>
    <day>27</day>
  </born>
</person>

Will produce the following schema:

将产生以下架构：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
           elementFormDefault="qualified" 
           attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
  <xs:element name="firstname">
    <xs:simpleType>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
    </xs:simpleType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="lastname">
    <xs:simpleType>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
    </xs:simpleType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="year">
    <xs:simpleType>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
    </xs:simpleType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="month">
    <xs:simpleType>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
    </xs:simpleType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="day">
    <xs:simpleType>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
    </xs:simpleType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="person">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element ref="firstname"/>
        <xs:element ref="lastname"/>
        <xs:element ref="born"/>
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="born">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element ref="year"/>
        <xs:element ref="month"/>
        <xs:element ref="day"/>
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

#1