项目管理及自动构建工具Maven
一、Maven安装、目录结构、cmd命令
1.下载安装
apache-maven-3.2.3-bin.zip
下载:http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
安装:解压,配置环境变量
M2_HOME=D:\Idea\config\apache-maven-3.2.3
Path+=D:\Idea\config\apache-maven-3.2.3\bin
通过执行 mvn -v 可以查看当前版本号
C:\Users\yuki>mvn -v Apache Maven (33f8c3e1027c3ddde99d3cdebad2656a31e8fdf4; --12T04::+:) Maven home: D:\Idea\config\apache-maven- Java version: , vendor: Oracle Corporation Java home: C:\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: GBK OS name: "windows 8.1", version: "6.3", arch: "x86", family: "dos"
这样,maven就安装好了
2.编译:mvn compile
新建文件D:\Maven\app1-maven\pom.xml
http://maven.apache.org/pom.html
复制project、modelVersion标签到文件中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!-- 项目 --> <groupId>yuki.maven.app1</groupId> <!-- 模块 --> <artifactId>module1</artifactId> <!-- 版本 --> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <!-- 依赖 --> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
groupId:表示项目
artifactId:表示模块
version:表示版本
在D:\Maven\app1-maven\src下新建文件夹main,test
新建文件D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\java\yuki\maven\app1\module1\HelloMaven.java
package yuki.maven.app1.module1; public class HelloMaven { public String sayHello(String name){ return "hello:" + name; } }
cmd进入文件夹D:\Maven\app1-maven
执行命令:mvn compile,会看到一直在运行Downloaded
C:\Users\yuki>D: D:\>cd D:\Maven\app1\module1 D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn compile [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building module1 -SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 --- Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-container-default//plexus-container-de fault-.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-container-default//plexus-container-def ault-.pom ( KB at 0.7 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils//plexus-utils-.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils//plexus-utils-.pom ( KB at 2.8 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-classworlds//plexus-classworlds-. pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-classworlds//plexus-classworlds-.p om ( KB at 5.1 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean-reflect/3.4/xbean-reflect-3.4.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean-reflect/ KB at 3.7 K B/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean/3.4/xbean-3.4.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean/ KB at 16.8 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/log4j/log4j//log4j-.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/log4j/log4j//log4j-.pom ( B at 0.2 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging-api/1.1/commons-logging-api-1.1.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging-api/ KB at 6.5 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/collections/google-collections/1.0/google-collections-1.0.p om Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/collections/google-collections/1.0/google-collections-1.0.po m ( KB at 3.1 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/google//google-.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/google//google-.pom ( KB at 1.9 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/junit/junit//junit-.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/junit/junit//junit-.pom ( B at 1.0 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils//plexus-utils-.jar Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/code/findbugs/jsr305//jsr305-.jar Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-shared-utils/0.1/maven-shared-utils-0.1. jar Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-component-annotations//plexus-componen t-annotations-.jar Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-shared-incremental/1.1/maven-shared-incr emental-1.1.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-component-annotations//plexus-component -annotations-.jar ( KB at 2.8 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-api/2.2/plexus-compiler-api-2.2.ja r Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-shared-incremental/1.1/maven-shared-incre mental- KB at 6.8 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-manager/2.2/plexus-compiler-manage r-2.2.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-manager/2.2/plexus-compiler-manager - KB at 6.2 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-javac/. .jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-api/2.2/plexus-compiler-api-2.2.jar ( KB at 20.4 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean-reflect/3.4/xbean-reflect-3.4.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/code/findbugs/jsr305//jsr305-.jar ( KB at 10.5 K B/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/log4j/log4j//log4j-.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils//plexus-utils-.jar ( KB a t 52.2 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging-api/1.1/commons-logging-api-1.1.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-javac/2.2/plexus-compiler-javac-2.2 .jar ( KB at 10.8 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/collections/google-collections/1.0/google-collections-1.0.j ar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-shared-utils/0.1/maven-shared-utils-0.1.j ar ( KB at 34.0 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/junit/junit//junit-.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean-reflect/ KB at . KB/sec) Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging-api/ KB at 16.3 KB/sec) Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/junit/junit//junit-.jar ( KB at 43.7 KB/sec) Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/log4j/log4j//log4j-.jar ( KB at 65.6 KB/sec) Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/collections/google-collections/1.0/google-collections-1.0.ja r ( KB at 62.4 KB/sec) [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\classes [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 30.990 s [INFO] Finished at: --01T22::+: [INFO] Final Memory: 12M/30M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ D:\Maven\app1\module1>
maven会根据我们的需要在网络上下载相应的内容,运行完毕后,会看到Finished,
在模块根目录D:\Maven\app1\module1下看到文件夹target,这是生成的文件
3.测试:mvn test
新建文件D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\test\java\yuki\maven\app1\module1\TestHelloMaven.java
package yuki.maven.app1.module1; import org.junit.*; import static org.junit.Assert.*; public class TestHelloMaven { @Test public void testSayHello(){ HelloMaven maven = new HelloMaven(); String str = maven.sayHello("maven"); assertEquals(str, "hello:maven"); //assertEquals(str, "hello:maven1"); } }
在pom.xml中添加依赖junit
执行mvn test
D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn test [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ module1 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ module1 --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\test-classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ module1 --- [INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports ------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.125 sec Results : Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 3.819 s [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:06:34+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 11M/28M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ D:\Maven\app1\module1>
通过在配置文件引入junit的jar就可以使用它编译
把项目按照maven的要求的目录中,
它就会自动根据pom.xml文件对项目进行编译、测试、发布等操作
通过maven就可以自动完成编译,把编译后的文件放到target中,
在测试后,会在D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports生成测试报告
D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports\yuki.maven.app1.module1.TestHelloMaven.txt
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test set: yuki.maven.app1.module1.TestHelloMaven ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.098 sec
4.清空:mvn clean
执行后生成的target文件被删除了
把测试类修改为断言相等一定为假的语句
D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports\yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven.txt
文件中,我们可以看到报错的信息
D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn clean [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5 .pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5. pom (4 KB at 0.6 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/22/maven-plugins-22.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/22/maven-plugins-22.pom (13 KB a t 20.1 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5 .jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5. jar (25 KB at 18.7 KB/sec) [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ module1 --- Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.pom (4 KB at 6.0 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/sonatype/spice/spice-parent/16/spice-parent-16.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/sonatype/spice/spice-parent/16/spice-parent-16.pom (9 KB at 11.5 KB /sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/sonatype/forge/forge-parent/5/forge-parent-5.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/sonatype/forge/forge-parent/5/forge-parent-5.pom (9 KB at 11.7 KB/s ec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.jar (221 KB at 77 .9 KB/sec) [INFO] Deleting D:\Maven\app1\module1\target [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 14.236 s [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:17:37+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 5M/17M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn test [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ module1 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ module1 --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\test-classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ module1 --- [INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports ------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.114 sec <<< FAILURE! testSayHello(yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven) Time elapsed: 0.024 sec <<< FAILURE! org.junit.ComparisonFailure: expected:<hello:maven[]> but was:<hello:maven[1]> at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:125) at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:147) at yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven.testSayHello(TestHelloMaven.java:13) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:252) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:141) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483) at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75) Results : Failed tests: testSayHello(yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven): expected:<hello:maven[]> but was:<hello:maven[1]> Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD FAILURE [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 4.410 s [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:20:49+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 12M/29M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) on project modu le1: There are test failures. [ERROR] [ERROR] Please refer to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results. [ERROR] -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException D:\Maven\app1\module1>
5.打包:mvn package
执行mvn clean后,执行mvn package
D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvc clean 'mvc' 不是内部或外部命令,也不是可运行的程序 或批处理文件。 D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn clean [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ module1 --- [INFO] Deleting D:\Maven\app1\module1\target [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 0.530 s [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:26:50+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 5M/15M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn package [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-jar-plugin/2.4/maven-jar-plugin-2.4.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-jar-plugin/2.4/maven-jar-plugin-2.4.pom (6 KB at 2.3 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-jar-plugin/2.4/maven-jar-plugin-2.4.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-jar-plugin/2.4/maven-jar-plugin-2.4.jar (34 KB at 23.9 KB/sec) [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ module1 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ module1 --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\test-classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ module1 --- [INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports ------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.099 sec Results : Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ module1 --- Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-archiver/2.5/maven-archiver-2.5.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-archiver/2.5/maven-archiver-2.5.pom (5 KB at 6.6 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-archiver/2.1/plexus-archiver-2.1.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-archiver/2.1/plexus-archiver-2.1.pom (3 KB a t 4.7 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-io/2.0.2/plexus-io-2.0.2.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-io/2.0.2/plexus-io-2.0.2.pom (2 KB at 3.0 KB /sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-components/1.1.19/plexus-components-1.1.19. pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-components/1.1.19/plexus-components-1.1.19.p om (3 KB at 4.5 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus/3.0.1/plexus-3.0.1.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus/3.0.1/plexus-3.0.1.pom (19 KB at 26.7 KB/sec ) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.15/plexus-interpolation-1.1 5.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.15/plexus-interpolation-1.15 .pom (1018 B at 1.1 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.pom (10 KB at 15.8 KB/se c) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-archiver/2.5/maven-archiver-2.5.jar Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-io/2.0.2/plexus-io-2.0.2.jar Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-archiver/2.1/plexus-archiver-2.1.jar Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.15/plexus-interpolation-1.1 5.jar Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-archiver/2.5/maven-archiver-2.5.jar (22 KB at 19 .7 KB/sec) Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.15/plexus-interpolation-1.15 .jar (60 KB at 34.3 KB/sec) Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-io/2.0.2/plexus-io-2.0.2.jar (57 KB at 33.0 KB/sec) Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-archiver/2.1/plexus-archiver-2.1.jar (181 KB at 50.5 KB/sec) Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.jar (203 KB at 51.6 KB/s ec) [INFO] Building jar: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 17.764 s [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:28:25+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 13M/31M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ D:\Maven\app1\module1>
在target目录下会看到项目被打成了一个jar包
6.安装:mvn install
建立第二个模块module2
复制/app1/module1/pom.xml到/app1/module2下
新建文件:D:\Maven\app1\module2\src\main\java\yuki\maven\app1\module2\Hello.java
package yuki.maven.app1.module2; import yuki.maven.app1.module1.HelloMaven; public class Hello { public String say(String name){ HelloMaven maven = new HelloMaven(); return maven.sayHello(name); } }
在文件中引入module1中的HelloMaven中的类
在pom.xml的依赖中添加module1模块的坐标
回到module1中,执行mvn install
D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn install [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-install-plugin/2.4/maven-install-plugin -2.4.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-install-plugin/2.4/maven-install-plugin- 2.4.pom (7 KB at 1.7 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-install-plugin/2.4/maven-install-plugin -2.4.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-install-plugin/2.4/maven-install-plugin- 2.4.jar (27 KB at 17.0 KB/sec) [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ module1 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ module1 --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\test-classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ module1 --- [INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports ------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running yuki.maven.app1.module1.TestHelloMaven Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.102 sec Results : Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ module1 --- [INFO] Building jar: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.4:install (default-install) @ module1 --- Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0.5/plexus-utils-3.0.5.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0.5/plexus-utils-3.0.5.pom (3 KB at 3.8 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus/3.1/plexus-3.1.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus/3.1/plexus-3.1.pom (19 KB at 27.4 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0.5/plexus-utils-3.0.5.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0.5/plexus-utils-3.0.5.jar (226 KB a t 76.9 KB/sec) [INFO] Installing D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar to C:\Users\yuki\.m2\repository\yuki\maven\app 1\module1\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar [INFO] Installing D:\Maven\app1\module1\pom.xml to C:\Users\yuki\.m2\repository\yuki\maven\app1\module1\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\m odule1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 15.142 s [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-02T00:01:36+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 14M/34M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ D:\Maven\app1\module1>
回到module2中,执行mvc compile,编译通过
D:\Maven\app1\module1>cd ../module2 D:\Maven\app1\module2>mvn compile [INFO] Scanning for projects... [ERROR] The build could not read 1 project -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] The project yuki.maven.app1:module2:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT (D:\Maven\app1\module2\pom.xml) has 1 error [ERROR] 'dependencies.dependency.version' for yuki.maven.app1:module1:jar is missing. @ line 24, column 15 [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/ProjectBuildingException D:\Maven\app1\module2>mvn compile [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building module2 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module2 --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module2\src\main\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module2 --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module2\target\classes [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 2.602 s [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-02T00:06:21+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 10M/26M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ D:\Maven\app1\module2>
7.maven的作用
可以把项目分成很多模块,把模块开发好,
将来直接用dependency把模块引入进来就可以直接用了
在项目中不需要再引入jar包,我们可以把项目打成jar包
所有的工作都可以由maven代劳
二、修改仓库路径、新建eclipse maven项目
1.仓库:repository
在用到jar文件或其它插件文件的时候,maven就会下载这些文件
这些文件放在默认放在C:\Users\yuki\.m2\repository中
当执行mvn compile的时候,
maven就会根据pom.xml的dependencies找到可能依赖的jar
如果仓库中不存在,就会在网络中下载,并把它放在仓库里
打开C:\Users\yuki\.m2\repository\junit\junit\4.10\junit-4.10.pom
会看到有关这个jar包的信息
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd "> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> <name>JUnit</name> <url>http://junit.org</url> <description> JUnit is a regression testing framework written by Erich Gamma and Kent Beck. It is used by the developer who implements unit tests in Java. </description> <organization> <name>JUnit</name> <url>http://www.junit.org</url> </organization> <mailingLists> <mailingList> <name>JUnit Mailing List</name> <post>junit@yahoogroups.com</post> <archive> http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/junit/ </archive> </mailingList> </mailingLists> <licenses> <license> <name>Common Public License Version 1.0</name> <url>http://www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl1.0.txt</url> </license> </licenses> <scm> <connection>scm:git:git://github.com/KentBeck/junit.git</connection> <developerConnection>scm:git:git@github.com:KentBeck/junit.git</developerConnection> <url>http://github.com/KentBeck/junit/tree/master</url> </scm> <developers> <developer> <id>dsaff</id> <name>David Saff</name> <email>david@saff.net</email> </developer> </developers> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <encoding>ISO-8859-1</encoding> <source>${jdk.version}</source> <target>${jdk.version}</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId> <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId> <version>1.1</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <properties> <jdk.version>1.5</jdk.version> </properties> </project>
当执行mvn install后,会把生成的jar包发送至本地的仓库中
C:\Users\yuki\.m2\repository\yuki\maven\app1\module1\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
所以可以通过依赖引入jar包
2.自定义仓库的位置
把仓库放在系统盘中是不合适的,一旦重装系统,对应仓库就会消失
全球maven的*仓库:http://mvnrepository.com/
打开文件${M2_HOME}\conf\settings.xml
搜索localRepository,看到Default: ${user.home}/.m2/repository
新建文件夹D:\Idea\maven\repository
<!-- localRepository | The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts. | | Default: ${user.home}/.m2/repository <localRepository>/path/to/local/repo</localRepository> --> <localRepository>D:\Idea\maven\repository</localRepository>
在setting.xml添加<localRepository>D:\Idea\maven\repository</localRepository>
执行mvn compile,会看到文件又在重新下载
可以把原先下载的文件的目录剪切到新的文件夹下,这样就不会重新下载了
它是怎么找到*库的,打开文件
D:\Idea\config\apache-maven-3.2.3\lib\maven-model-builder-3.2.3.jar
查看\maven-model-builder-3.2.3.jar\org\apache\maven\model\pom-4.0.0.xml
<pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>central</id> <name>Central Repository</name> <url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url> <layout>default</layout> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> <releases> <updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy> </releases> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories>
会看到设置了https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2 的仓库url
用浏览器访问这个url,会跳转到http://search.maven.org/#browse
3.原型:mvn archetype
maven的目录结构是确定的,
执行 mvn archetype:generate 就会下载与这个原型相关的程序
下载完成后,文件被存在本地工厂中
版本号选择默认的6,groupId输入yuki.maven.app,
artifactId输入module,version输入0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
package默认,最后输入选择默认的Y
最后它在执行命令的根目录下帮我们建立了一个相似的module文件夹
918: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes:openengsb-tooling-archetypes-connector (Archetype to produce new Connect or project) 919: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes:openengsb-tooling-archetypes-domain (Archetype to produce new Domain pro ject) 920: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes:org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes.connector (Archetype to produce new Con nector project) 921: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes:org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes.domain (Archetype to produce new Domain project) 922: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes.clientproject:org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes.clientproject.root (Arche type to produce new client project) 923: remote -> org.opengis.cite:ets-archetype-testng (A template for creating a new executable test suite (ETS) based on the TestNG framework.) 924: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-groovy-benchmark-archetype (Generates Groovy benchmarking project, uses JMH bytecode processors) 925: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-java-benchmark-archetype (Generates Java benchmarking project, uses JMH annotation pr ocessors) 926: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-kotlin-benchmark-archetype (Generates Kotlin benchmarking project, uses JMH bytecode processors) 927: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-scala-benchmark-archetype (Generates Scala benchmarking project, uses JMH bytecode pr ocessors) 928: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-simple-benchmark-archetype (Basic archetype for simple JMH-driven benchmark.) 929: remote -> org.openl.rules:openl-simple-project (-) 930: remote -> org.openl.rules:openl-simple-project-archetype (-) 931: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-osgi-bundle (-) 932: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-osgi-project (-) 933: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-osgi-service (-) 934: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-osgi-wrapper (-) 935: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-spring-bean (-) 936: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.exam:maven-archetype-paxexam-junit () 937: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.web.archetypes:wab-archetype (-) 938: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.web.archetypes:wab-gwt-archetype (-) 939: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.web.archetypes:war-archetype (-) 940: remote -> org.ow2.jasmine.kerneos:kerneos-module-archetype (-) 941: remote -> org.ow2.jasmine.kerneos:kerneos-war-archetype (-) 942: remote -> org.ow2.jasmine.probe:jprobe-collector-archetype (-) 943: remote -> org.ow2.jasmine.probe:jprobe-outer-archetype (-) 944: remote -> org.ow2.jonas.camel:camel-archetype-simple-route (-) 945: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-application-archetype (-) 946: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-flex-archetypes-application (-) 947: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-flex-archetypes-module (-) 948: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-flex-archetypes-module-fragment (-) 949: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-module-archetype (-) 950: remote -> org.ow2.orchestra:orchestra-extension-archetype (Generates extensions for Orchestra) 951: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-binding-component (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated to a JBI binding component project.) 952: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-service-assembly (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated to a JBI service assembly project.) 953: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-service-engine (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated to a JBI service engine project.) 954: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-service-unit (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated to a JBI service unit project.) 955: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-shared-library (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated to a JBI Shared Library project.) 956: remote -> org.ow2.shelbie:shelbie-command-archetype (-) 957: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-analyser (The Archetype used to generate a stub for analyser. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 958: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-configurable (The Archetype used to generate a stub for confi gurable. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 959: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-indexer (The Archetype used to generate a stub for indexer. T his should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 960: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-queuemanager (The Archetype used to generate a stub for queue manager. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 961: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-reportprovider (The Archetype used to generate a stub for rep ortprovider. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 962: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-resourcecontainer (The Archetype used to generate a stub for resourcecontainer. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 963: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-resources (The Archetype used to generate a stub for any WebL ab service. It should be used in conjunction with interfaces specific archetypes. This should be called through the webl ab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 964: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-searcher (The Archetype used to generate a stub for searcher. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 965: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-sourcereader (The Archetype used to generate a stub for sourc ereader. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 966: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-trainable (The Archetype used to generate a stub for trainabl e. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.) 967: remote -> org.parallelj:parallelj-archetype (ParallelJ is a Java framework for parallel computing. It provides flow modeling and execution. This archetype projects allows to create a project skeleton using ParallelJ.) 968: remote -> org.parallelj:parallelj-archetype-web (ParallelJ is a Java framework for parallel computing. It provides flow modeling and execution. This archetype projects allows to create a project skeleton using ParallelJ.) 969: remote -> org.parancoe:parancoe-pluginarchetype (-) 970: remote -> org.parancoe:parancoe-webarchetype (-) 971: remote -> org.patterntesting:patterntesting-tools (PatternTesting Tools (patterntesting-tools) is the container for tools around PatternTesting like the Ant extensions and Maven plugin.) 972: remote -> org.pustefixframework:pustefix-archetype-application (Pustefix Archetype for Applications) 973: remote -> org.pustefixframework:pustefix-archetype-basic (Pustefix archetype creating a basic application) 974: remote -> org.pustefixframework.maven.archetypes:pustefix-archetype-module (Pustefix Archetype for Modules) 975: remote -> org.qianalyze:QiAnalyzeModule-Archetype (The archetype to create a new QiAnalyze Module for more informat ion visit http://java.net/projects/qianalyze) 976: remote -> org.qianalyze.sample:QiAnalyzeModule (The archetype to create a new QiAnalyze Module for more information visit http://java.net/projects/qianalyze) 977: remote -> org.qooxdoo:qooxdoo-archetype-desktop (An archetype to create a qooxdoo application) 978: remote -> org.qooxdoo:qooxdoo-archetype-gui (An archetype to create a qooxdoo application) 979: remote -> org.quattor.maven:cfg-module (-) 980: remote -> org.quattor.pan:panc-maven-archetype (-) 981: remote -> org.rauschig:maven-archetype-bundle (A maven archetype that incorporates common artifacts for OSS develop ment and OSGi compatibility) 982: remote -> org.resthub:resthub-jpa-backbonejs-archetype (-) 983: remote -> org.resthub:resthub-jpa-backbonejs-multi-archetype (-) 984: remote -> org.resthub:resthub-mongodb-backbonejs-archetype (-) 985: remote -> org.resthub:resthub-mongodb-backbonejs-multi-archetype (-) 986: remote -> org.rhq:rhq-plugin-archetype (-) 987: remote -> org.rhq.maven:smartgwt-war-archetype (archetype for a Maven project for a SmartGWT web application (WAR)) 988: remote -> org.richfaces.archetypes:richfaces-archetype-kitchensink (A starter Java EE 6 webapp project for use on J Boss AS 7 / EAP 6, generated from the jboss-javaee6-webapp archetype) 989: remote -> org.richfaces.archetypes:richfaces-archetype-simpleapp (-) 990: remote -> org.sadiframework:sadi-service-archetype (-) 991: remote -> org.scala-tools.archetypes:liftweb-archetype-blank (Archetype - blank project for liwftweb) 992: remote -> org.scala-tools.archetypes:liftweb-archetype-hellolift (Archetype - hellolift sample liwftweb application ) 993: remote -> org.scala-tools.archetypes:scala-archetype-simple (The maven-scala-plugin is used for compiling/testing/r unning/documenting scala code in maven.) 994: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-guice_2.10 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate Gu ice web application) 995: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-guice_2.11 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate Gu ice web application) 996: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-jersey_2.10 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate w eb application) 997: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-jersey_2.11 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate w eb application) 998: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-sitegen_2.10 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate static website generation project) 999: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-sitegen_2.11 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate static website generation project) 1000: remote -> org.sculptorgenerator:sculptor-maven-archetype (Maven archetype for a business tier project using the Sc ulptor code generator) 1001: remote -> org.sculptorgenerator:sculptor-maven-archetype-ear (Maven archetype for a EAR project using the Sculptor code generator) 1002: remote -> org.sculptorgenerator:sculptor-maven-archetype-parent (Maven archetype for a parent project using the Sc ulptor code generator) 1003: remote -> org.sculptorgenerator:sculptor-maven-archetype-web (Maven archetype for a WAR project using the Sculptor code generator) 1004: remote -> org.siqisource.agave:archetypes-quickstart (-) 1005: remote -> org.sitoolkit.archetype:sit-archetype (This project is generated from org.sitoolkit.archetype:sit-archet ype) 1006: remote -> org.sitoolkit.tester:sit-tester-archetype (archetype for sit-tester) 1007: remote -> org.slf4j:slf4j-archetype (The slf4j Archetype) 1008: remote -> org.slick2d:slick2d-basic-game-archetype (Maven archetype for a Slick2D based game) 1009: remote -> org.sonatype.flexmojos:flexmojos-archetypes-application (-) 1010: remote -> org.sonatype.flexmojos:flexmojos-archetypes-library (-) 1011: remote -> org.sonatype.flexmojos:flexmojos-archetypes-modular-webapp (-) 1012: remote -> org.sonatype.nexus.archetypes:nexus-plugin-archetype (-) 1013: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-actuator-archetype (Spring Boot Actuator Sample) 1014: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-actuator-log4j-archetype (Spring Boot Actuator Log4J Sample) 1015: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-actuator-noweb-archetype (Spring Boot Actuator Non-Web Sampl e) 1016: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-actuator-ui-archetype (Spring Boot Actuator UI Sample) 1017: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-amqp-archetype (Spring Boot AMQP Sample) 1018: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-aop-archetype (Spring Boot AOP Sample) 1019: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-batch-archetype (Spring Boot Batch Sample) 1020: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-data-jpa-archetype (Spring Boot Data JPA Sample) 1021: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-data-mongodb-archetype (Spring Boot Data MongoDB Sample) 1022: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-data-redis-archetype (Spring Boot Data Redis Sample) 1023: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-data-rest-archetype (Spring Boot Data REST Sample) 1024: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-integration-archetype (Spring Boot Integration Sample) 1025: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-jetty-archetype (Spring Boot Jetty Sample) 1026: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-profile-archetype (Spring Boot Profile Sample) 1027: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-secure-archetype (Spring Boot Security Sample) 1028: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-servlet-archetype (Spring Boot Servlet Sample) 1029: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-simple-archetype (Spring Boot Simple Sample) 1030: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-tomcat-archetype (Spring Boot Tomcat Sample) 1031: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-traditional-archetype (Spring Boot Traditional Sample) 1032: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-jsp-archetype (Spring Boot Web JSP Sample) 1033: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-method-security-archetype (Spring Boot Web Method Securi ty Sample) 1034: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-secure-archetype (Spring Boot Web Secure Sample) 1035: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-static-archetype (Spring Boot Web Static Sample) 1036: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-ui-archetype (Spring Boot Web UI Sample) 1037: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-websocket-archetype (Spring Boot WebSocket Sample) 1038: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-xml-archetype (Spring Boot XML Sample) 1039: remote -> org.springframework.osgi:spring-osgi-bundle-archetype (Spring OSGi Maven2 Archetype) 1040: remote -> org.springframework.ws:spring-ws-archetype (Spring Web Services Maven2 Archetype.) 1041: remote -> org.sqlproc:sqlproc-archetype-simple-jdbc (SQL Processor Archetype for Simple JDBC Application) 1042: remote -> org.sqlproc:sqlproc-archetype-simple-spring (SQL Processor Archetype for Simple Spring Application) 1043: remote -> org.structr:structr-base-archetype (Structr is an open source framework based on the popular Neo4j graph database.) 1044: remote -> org.structr:structr-simple-example-archetype (Structr is an open source framework based on the popular N eo4j graph database.) 1045: remote -> org.structr:structr-ui-archetype (Structr is an open source framework based on the popular Neo4j graph d atabase.) 1046: remote -> org.sweble.wikitext:swc-example-basic-archetype (An archetype that creates a simple application which is able to parse a page written in Wikitext and render it as HTML.) 1047: remote -> org.sweble.wikitext:swc-example-serialization-archetype (An example project that contains a simple appli cation that is able to parse a page written in Wikitext and serialize it to XML, JSON or binary.) 1048: remote -> org.sweble.wikitext:swc-example-xpath-archetype (An archetype that creates a simple application which is able to parse a page written in Wikitext and perform an XPath query on that document.) 1049: remote -> org.switchyard.archetypes:switchyard-application (-) 1050: remote -> org.syncope:syncope-archetype (Syncope archetype) 1051: remote -> org.telosys.starterkits:angularHtml5offline-starterkit (archetype for starter Kit angular Html5 offline) 1052: remote -> org.telosys.starterkits:struts-jpa-starterkit (archetype for starter Kit Struts) 1053: remote -> org.tinygroup:buproject (-) 1054: remote -> org.tinygroup:flowcomponent (-) 1055: remote -> org.tinygroup:org.tinygroup.flowcomponentarchetype (-) 1056: remote -> org.tinygroup:org.tinygroup.plugincomponentarchetype (-) 1057: remote -> org.tinygroup:org.tinygroup.uicomponentarchetype (-) 1058: remote -> org.tinygroup:plugincomponent (-) 1059: remote -> org.tinygroup:servicecomponentarchetype (-) 1060: remote -> org.tinygroup:uicomponent-archetype (-) 1061: remote -> org.tinygroup:webappproject (-) 1062: remote -> org.trailsframework:trails-archetype (-) 1063: remote -> org.trailsframework:trails-secure-archetype (-) 1064: remote -> org.tynamo:tynamo-archetype (-) 1065: remote -> org.uberfire:uberfire-component-archetype (UberFire Component Archetype) 1066: remote -> org.uberfire:uberfire-project-archetype (UberFire Project Archetype) 1067: remote -> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicket-scala-archetype (-) 1068: remote -> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicketstuff-scala-archetype (Basic setup for a project that combines Scala and Wic ket, depending on the Wicket-Scala project. Includes an example Specs test.) 1069: remote -> org.wikbook:wikbook.archetype (-) 1070: remote -> org.wildfly.archetypes:wildfly-subsystem (An archetype that generates a skeleton project for implementin g a WildFly 8 subsystem) 1071: remote -> org.wiperdog:wiperdog-osgi-bundle-archetype (-) 1072: remote -> org.wiperdog:wiperdog-osgi-ipojo-archetype (-) 1073: remote -> org.wisdom-framework:wisdom-default-project-archetype (-) 1074: remote -> org.wisdom-framework:wisdom-simple-watcher-archetype (-) 1075: remote -> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-glassfish (-) 1076: remote -> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-spring (-) 1077: remote -> org.xwiki.commons:xwiki-commons-component-archetype (Make it easy to create a maven project for creating XWiki Components.) 1078: remote -> org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-archetype-macro (Make it easy to create a maven project for creating XWiki Rendering Macros.) 1079: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-component (An archetype that generates a starter ZK component project) 1080: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-extension (An archetype that generates a starter ZK extension project) 1081: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-theme (An archetype that generates a starter ZK theme project) 1082: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-webapp (An archetype that generates a starter ZK CE webapp project) 1083: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-ee-eval-archetype-webapp (An archetype that generates a starter ZK EE-eval webapp project) 1084: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-ee-eval-archetype-webapp-spring (An archetype that generates a starter ZK EE-eval webapp pr oject with Spring) 1085: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-ee-eval-archetype-webapp-spring-jpa (An archetype that generates a starter ZK EE-eval webap p project with Spring and JPA) 1086: remote -> pl.bristleback:webapp-archetype (Web archetype for Bristleback Websocket Framework) 1087: remote -> pro.savant.circumflex:webapp-archetype (-) 1088: remote -> ru.circumflex:circumflex-archetype (-) 1089: remote -> ru.nikitav.android.archetypes:release (-) 1090: remote -> ru.nikitav.android.archetypes:release-robolectric (-) 1091: remote -> ru.stqa.selenium:webdriver-java-archetype (Archetype for a Maven project intended to develop tests with Selenium WebDriver and JUnit/TestNG) 1092: remote -> ru.stqa.selenium:webdriver-junit-archetype (Archetype for a Maven project intended to develop tests with Selenium WebDriver and JUnit) 1093: remote -> ru.stqa.selenium:webdriver-testng-archetype (Archetype for a Maven project intended to develop tests wit h Selenium WebDriver and TestNG) 1094: remote -> se.vgregion.javg.maven.archetypes:javg-minimal-archetype (-) 1095: remote -> sk.seges.sesam:sesam-annotation-archetype (-) 1096: remote -> tk.skuro:clojure-maven-archetype (A simple Maven archetype for Clojure) 1097: remote -> tr.com.lucidcode:kite-archetype (A Maven Archetype that allows users to create a Fresh Kite project) 1098: remote -> uk.ac.rdg.resc:edal-ncwms-based-webapp (-) Choose a number or apply filter (format: [groupId:]artifactId, case sensitive contains): 439: Choose org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart version: 1: 1.0-alpha-1 2: 1.0-alpha-2 3: 1.0-alpha-3 4: 1.0-alpha-4 5: 1.0 6: 1.1 Choose a number: 6: Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-quickstart/1.1/maven-arche type-quickstart-1.1.jar Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-quickstart/1.1/maven-archet ype-quickstart-1.1.jar (7 KB at 1.2 KB/sec) Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-quickstart/1.1/maven-arche type-quickstart-1.1.pom Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-quickstart/1.1/maven-archet ype-quickstart-1.1.pom (2 KB at 3.3 KB/sec) Define value for property 'groupId': : yuki.maven.app Define value for property 'artifactId': : module Define value for property 'version': 1.0-SNAPSHOT: : 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT Define value for property 'package': yuki.maven.app: : Confirm properties configuration: groupId: yuki.maven.app artifactId: module version: 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT package: yuki.maven.app Y: : y [INFO] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:1.1 [INFO] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: D:\Maven [INFO] Parameter: package, Value: yuki.maven.app [INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: yuki.maven.app [INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: module [INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: yuki.maven.app [INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: D:\Maven\module [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 09:44 min [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-02T19:59:33+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 11M/29M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ D:\Maven>
打开D:\Maven\module\pom.xml,把junit的version改为4.10 ,删除刚刚新建的模块module
执行 :mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=yuki.maven.app2.module1 -DartifactId=module2 -Dversion=0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
然后默认选择版本,选择yes后新建项目
4.eclipse配置maven
这是在客户端创建,怎样在eclipse里面创建
Eclipse Kepler中已经有自带的maven
Preferences>Maven>Installations>Add
选择安装的maven根目录D:\Idea\config\apache-maven-3.2.3
Preferences>Maven>User Settings>Browse
选择D:\Idea\config\apache-maven-3.2.3\conf\settings.xml
5.新建maven项目
File>New>Other>Maven>Maven Project>Next>Next
有大量的ArtifactId,这里选择maven-archetype-quickstart
Next>填写GroupId、ArtifactId、Version、Package
可以看到新建的maven项目
约定优于配置
新建Source Folder>src/main/resources,存放配置文件
新建Source Folder>test/main/resources,存放测试配置文件
三、新建Maven项目
1.通过pom.xml文件引入Hibernate的jar包
新建实体类yuki.maven.user.core.model.User,为User创建构造方法:无参构造,没有id的构造
/user-core/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/core/model/User.java
package yuki.maven.user.core.model; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @Table(name="T_USER") public class User { private int id; private String username; private String password; private String nickname; public User() { } public User(String username, String password, String nickname) { super(); this.username = username; this.password = password; this.nickname = nickname; } @Id @GeneratedValue public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public String getNickname() { return nickname; } public void setNickname(String nickname) { this.nickname = nickname; } }
pom.xml中junit的版本号改为4.10
访问http://mvnrepository.com/ 搜索hibernate
点击Core Hibernate O/RM Functionality,4.3.6.Final
复制maven选项卡中的xml文本到dependencies标签下
打开Console>MavenConsole,可以看到
14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:54: [INFO] Downloaded http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/hibernate/hibernate-core/4.3.6.Final/hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar 14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:58: [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. 14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:58: [INFO] Copying 0 resource 14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:58: [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. 14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:58: [INFO] Copying 0 resource 14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:59: [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. 14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:59: [INFO] Copying 0 resource 14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:59: [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. 14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:59: [INFO] Copying 0 resource
这说明Maven已下载了hibernate的依赖包,可以看到文件:
D:\Idea\maven\repository\org\hibernate\hibernate-core\4.3.6.Final\hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar
打开Maven Dependencies,在下面可以看到已引入的Hibernate的包
2.配置eclipse的代码提示
自动代码提示:
preference>Keys>搜索content>ContentAssist=Alt+/
preference>Java>Editor>ContentAssist/AutoActivation
把javadoc中的@ 剪切到Java中
在编辑器中输入@ 就会自动给出提示的下拉列表
在User类中加入注解
3.引入oracle的驱动jar包
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.oracle/ojdbc14/10.2.0.4.0
在pom.xml上粘贴以来后,显示报错
打开D:\Idea\maven\repository\com\oracle\ojdbc14\10.2.0.4.0
发现没有对应的jar包,是因为访问地址404错误
http://central.maven.org/maven2/com/oracle/ojdbc14/10.2.0.4.0/ojdbc14-10.2.0.4.0.jar
访问http://www.java2s.com/Code/Jar/o/ojdbc14.htm 下载ojdbc14-10.2.0.4.0.jar
在目录下执行驱动jar所在路径下执行:
mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=com.oracle -DartifactId=ojdbc14 -Dversion=10.2.0.4.0 -Dpackagin
pom.xml文件不再报错
在项目中引入log4j
4.配置文件
引入dtd文件hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd,参照dtd的<!DOCTYPE>
Public ID的Key上填写:-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN
Alternative web address:http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd
通过这个约束在src/main/resources下新建配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml
/hibernate-release-4.3.6.Final/documentation/manual/en-US/html_single/index.html
参照配置文件进行配置hibernate
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd" > <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- Database connection settings --> <property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property> <property name="connection.username">kongdy</property> <property name="connection.password">yuki</property> <!-- SQL dialect --> <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property> <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management --> <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout --> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup --> <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <!-- <mapping resource="org/hibernate/tutorial/domain/Event.hbm.xml" /> --> <mapping class="yuki.maven.user.core.model.User" /> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
配置log4j.properties文件
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %p %c{1} %L -%m%n log4j.rootlogger=warm,stdout log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=debug
5.新建用户访问类
按照帮助文档中的Startup and helpers新建HibernateUtil类
/user-core/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/core/util/HibernateUtil.java
package yuki.maven.user.core.util; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry; public class HibernateUtil { private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory = buildSessionFactory(); private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() { try { // Create the SessionFactory from hibernate.cfg.xml Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure(); ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties()).build(); return configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry); } catch (Throwable ex) { // Make sure you log the exception, as it might be swallowed System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex); throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex); } } public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() { return sessionFactory; } }
新建UserDao并测试TestUserDao,
/user-core/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/core/dao/IUserDao.java
package yuki.maven.user.core.dao; import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User; public interface IUserDao { void add(User user); User loadByUsername(String username); }
/user-core/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/core/dao/UserDao.java
package yuki.maven.user.core.dao; import org.hibernate.Session; import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User; import yuki.maven.user.core.util.HibernateUtil; public class UserDao implements IUserDao { public void add(User user) { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession(); session.beginTransaction(); session.save(user); session.getTransaction().commit(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().close(); } } public User loadByUsername(String username) { Session session = null; User user = null; try { session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession(); session.beginTransaction(); // user = (User) session.createQuery("from User where username=?").setParameter(0, username).uniqueResult(); user = (User) session.createQuery("from User where username=?").setParameter(0, username).list().get(0); session.getTransaction().commit(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().close(); } return user; } }
/user-core/src/test/java/yuki/maven/user/core/dao/UserDaoTest.java
package yuki.maven.user.core.dao; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; //import org.junit.Test; import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User; public class UserDaoTest { private UserDao userDao; @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { // Class.forName("yuki.maven.user.core.util.HibernateUtil"); userDao = new UserDao(); System.out.println("开始测试"); } // @Test public void testAdd() { userDao.add(new User("username1", "password1", "用户名1")); } // @Test public void testLoadByUsername() { User user = userDao.loadByUsername("username1"); System.out.println(user.getUsername() + ", " + user.getPassword() + ", " + user.getNickname()); } @After public void tearDown() { userDao = null; System.out.println("测试结束"); } }
6.测试用户访问类
pom.xml右键>Run As>Maven build…
Main>Goals=clean test>Apply>Run
JRE>Installed JREs…>选择JDK的路径而不是JRE的路径
Apply>Run,再次运行后就可以直接点击[Alt+Shift+X,M]的那个了
运行时会报错
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Access to DialectResolutionInfo cannot be null when 'hibernate.dialect' not set
http://www.journaldev.com/2897/solved-hibernateexception-access-to-dialectresolutioninfo-cannot-be-null-when-hibernate-dialect-not-set
运行services.msc,打开服务OracleServiceXE,OracleXETNSListener
必须一个一个测试,否则报出异常
org.hibernate.service.UnknownServiceException: Unknown service requested [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.spi.ConnectionProvider]
四、新建其它的maven模块
1.新建模块user-log
pom.xml按下Ctrl+Shift+F就会自动排版
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.2
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j/1.2.17
对两个模块打包:user-core>Run As>clean package,user-log>Run As>clean package
/user-log/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/log/Log.java
package yuki.maven.user.log; public class Log { public static void main( String[] args ) { System.out.println( "Hello World!" ); } }
新建user-service模块,添加日志的依赖
2.隐藏变量
${basedir} 项目根目录
${project.build.directory} 构建目录,缺省为target
${project.build.outputDirectory} 构建过程输出目录,缺省为target/classes
${project.build.finalName} 产出物名称,缺省为${project.artifactId}-${project.version}
${project.packaging} 打包类型,缺省为jar
${project.xxx} 当前pom文件的任意节点的内容
<dependency> <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId> <artifactId>user-core</artifactId> <!-- <version>${project.version}</version> --> </dependency>
Missing artifact yuki.maven.app1-user:maven-core:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
本地仓库找不到,对user-core和user-log执行install命令
再引入user-core和user-log的依赖时,对应它们的依赖也被依赖进来,被称为依赖传递
利用引入的内容完成用户服务类
3.依赖范围
这时,用户的访问类可能还在做开发,这里用到了easymock
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.easymock/easymock/3.2
/user-service/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/service/IUserService.java
package yuki.maven.user.service; import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User; public interface IUserService { void add(User user); User loadByUsername(String username); }
/user-service/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/service/UserService.java
package yuki.maven.user.service; import yuki.maven.user.core.dao.IUserDao; import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User; public class UserService implements IUserService { private IUserDao userDao; public UserService(IUserDao userDao) { this.userDao = userDao; } public void add(User user) { userDao.add(user); } public User loadByUsername(String username) { return userDao.loadByUsername(username); } }
/user-service/src/test/java/yuki/maven/user/service/UserServiceTest.java
package yuki.maven.user.service; import static org.junit.Assert.*; import static org.easymock.EasyMock.*; import org.hibernate.cfg.CreateKeySecondPass; import org.hibernate.internal.util.compare.EqualsHelper; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import yuki.maven.user.core.dao.IUserDao; import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User; public class UserServiceTest { private IUserDao userDao; private IUserService userService; private User user; @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { userDao = createStrictMock(IUserDao.class); userService = new UserService(userDao); user = new User(); } @After public void tearDown() throws Exception { verify(userDao); } @Test public void testAdd() { userDao.add(user); expectLastCall(); replay(userDao); userService.add(user); } @Test public void testLoadByUsername() { expect(userDao.loadByUsername("admin")).andReturn(user); replay(userDao); User user2 = userService.loadByUsername("admin"); System.out.println(EqualsHelper.equals(user2, user)); } }
依赖范围的取值scope,什么时候把依赖加进去
compile:编译、打包,默认的依赖范围
provided:编译、测试,比如servlet-api不会打包进去
runtime:编译时不依赖,测试和运行时依赖,比如数据库驱动jar
test:仅仅在测试的时候依赖,比如junit
只有放在/src/test文件夹下的java文件才能使用junit
被依赖模块的scope=test的jar不会传递给依赖它的模块
被传递过来的依赖也被称为是间接依赖
在dependency hierarchy中可以看到依赖的继承关系
如果依赖级别相同,会依赖写在前面的依赖
如果依赖级别不同,就会先依赖层次最浅的
可以通过dependency的子标签exclusions排除不需要继承的依赖
<dependency> <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId> <artifactId>user-log</artifactId> <!-- <version>${project.version}</version> --> <!-- <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> --> </dependency>
这里可以解决jar包冲突问题
4.聚合
可以在三个模块的根目录中创建一个pom.xml文件
通过它可以集中编译项目,这个pom.xml可以什么都不用写
在eclipse中,new maven project
选择create a simple project(skip archetype selection)
ArtifactId = user-aggregate,packaging = pom > Finish
打开pom.xml文件在project标签下填写modules标签
/user-aggregate/pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>yuki.maven.app1-user</groupId> <artifactId>user-aggregate</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <modules> <module>../user-core</module> <module>../user-log</module> <module>../user-service</module> </modules> </project>
这样,对这个文件执行maven命令就是向包含的module执行maven命令
5.继承
配置里面很多是重复的,有可能也会设置大量的常量,这些在项目里都是重复的
可以让所有的项目继承一个根类,所有的项目继承这个类
新建user-parent项目,选择create a simple project,packaging=pom
复制相同的内容到user-parent/pom.xml中,
添加parent标签,同时删掉复制的内容,
相对路径relativePath=../user-parent/pom.xml
这时,会提示原先写的groupIdheversion有重复,可以删掉它们
依赖也是可以继承的,但是这意味着每一个项目都要加进被继承的依赖
把user-core中的dependencies标签加在dependencyManagement中
这样,就可以删掉user-core依赖的版本、排除信息了
\user-parent\pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>yuki.maven.app1-user</groupId> <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <modules> <module>../user-core</module> <module>../user-log</module> <module>../user-service</module> </modules> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <!-- <version>3.8.1</version> --> <version>4.10</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>4.3.6.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.oracle</groupId> <artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId> <version>10.2.0.4.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId> <artifactId>user-core</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId> <artifactId>user-log</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> </project>
/user-core/pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>yuki.maven.app1-user</groupId> <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <!-- <groupId>yuki.maven.app1-user</groupId> --> <artifactId>user-core</artifactId> <!-- <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> --> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>user-core</name> <!-- <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> --> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.oracle</groupId> <artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
/user-log/pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>yuki.maven.app1-user</groupId> <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <artifactId>user-log</artifactId> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>user-log</name> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
/user-service/pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>yuki.maven.app1-user</groupId> <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <!-- <groupId>yuki.maven.app1-user</groupId> --> <artifactId>user-service</artifactId> <!-- <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> --> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>user-service</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <!-- <version>4.10</version> --> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId> <artifactId>user-core</artifactId> <!-- <version>${project.version}</version> --> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId> <artifactId>user-log</artifactId> <!-- <version>${project.version}</version> --> <!-- <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> --> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.easymock</groupId> <artifactId>easymock</artifactId> <version>3.2</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
可以把聚合文件modules也放在user-parent中
如果把user-parent/pom.xml放在所有模块的根目录下,就需要删除路径的../
对应的模块继承的../user-parent/pom.xml也可以改成pom.xml
继承的是绝对路径是pom.xml文件,聚合是模块的位置
五、其它
1.文件路径
pom.xml
src
|-main
|-java
|-package
|-resources
|-test
|-java
|-package
|-resources
target
|-classes
2.版本
大版本的变化.分支的变化.更新-里程碑
SNAPSHOT:快照版本,正在开发中
alpha:内部测试版本
beta:使用者使用测试
Release(RC):释放版本
GeneralAvailable(GA):正常可用的版本
本文的目录结构:
本文参考了 [孔浩_MAVEN_项目管理及自动构建工具] 的视频课程
更多好文请关注:http://www.cnblogs.com/kodoyang/
kongdongyang
2014/9/6