1、ASCII to Unicode
函数：wcstombs（VC6）、wcstombs_s
实例：
// crt_wcstombs_s.c
// This example converts a wide character
// string to a multibyte character string.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#define BUFFER_SIZE 100
int main( void )
{
size_t i;
char *pMBBuffer = (char *)malloc( BUFFER_SIZE );
wchar_t*pWCBuffer = L"Hello, world.";
printf( "Convert wide-character string:\n" );
// Conversion
wcstombs_s(&i, pMBBuffer, (size_t)BUFFER_SIZE,
pWCBuffer, (size_t)BUFFER_SIZE );
// Output
printf(" Characters converted: %u\n", i);
printf(" Multibyte character: %s\n\n",
pMBBuffer );
// Free multibyte character buffer
if (pMBBuffer)
{
free(pMBBuffer);
}
}
2、Unicode to ASCII
函数：mbstowcs
// crt_mbstowcs.c
// compile with: /W3
// illustrates the behavior of the mbstowcs function
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <locale.h>
int main( void )
{
size_t size;
int nChar = 2; // number of characters to convert
int requiredSize;
unsigned char *pmbnull = NULL;
unsigned char *pmbhello = NULL;
char* localeInfo;
wchar_t *pwchello = L"\x3042\x3043"; // 2 Hiragana characters
wchar_t *pwc;
/* Enable the Japanese locale and codepage */
localeInfo = setlocale(LC_ALL, "Japanese_Japan.932");
printf("Locale information set to %s\n", localeInfo);
printf( "Convert to multibyte string:\n" );
requiredSize = wcstombs( NULL, pwchello, 0); // C4996
// Note: wcstombs is deprecated; consider using wcstombs_s
printf(" Required Size: %d\n", requiredSize);
/* Add one to leave room for the null terminator. */
pmbhello = (unsigned char *)malloc( requiredSize + 1);
if (! pmbhello)
{
printf("Memory allocation failure.\n");
return 1;
}
size = wcstombs( pmbhello, pwchello, requiredSize + 1); // C4996
// Note: wcstombs is deprecated; consider using wcstombs_s
if (size == (size_t) (-1))
{
printf("Couldn't convert string. Code page 932 may"
" not be available.\n");
return 1;
}
printf( " Number of bytes written to multibyte string: %u\n",
(unsigned int) size );
printf( " Hex values of the " );
printf( " multibyte characters: %#.2x %#.2x %#.2x %#.2x\n",
pmbhello[0], pmbhello[1], pmbhello[2], pmbhello[3] );
printf( " Codepage 932 uses 0x81 to 0x9f as lead bytes.\n\n");
printf( "Convert back to wide-character string:\n" );
/* Assume we don't know the length of the multibyte string.
Get the required size in characters, and allocate enough space. */
requiredSize = mbstowcs(NULL, pmbhello, 0); // C4996
/* Add one to leave room for the NULL terminator */
pwc = (wchar_t *)malloc( (requiredSize + 1) * sizeof( wchar_t ));
if (! pwc)
{
printf("Memory allocation failure.\n");
return 1;
}
size = mbstowcs( pwc, pmbhello, requiredSize + 1); // C4996
if (size == (size_t) (-1))
{
printf("Couldn't convert string--invalid multibyte character.\n");
}
printf( " Characters converted: %u\n", (unsigned int)size );
printf( " Hex value of first 2" );
printf( " wide characters: %#.4x %#.4x\n\n", pwc[0], pwc[1] );
free(pwc);
free(pmbhello);
}