wchar_t与char转换(总结)

时间:2021-08-04 20:14:32

#include<string>//标准C++;

string   tp;
wchar_t   *s;
char   *d;
tp=s;
d=tp.c_str();
也可使用WideCharToString(wchar_t   *   Source);函数转换

WideCharToMultiByte

MultiByteToWideChar

 

LPSTR = char *
LPCSTR = const char *
LPWSTR = wchar_t *
LPCWSTR = const wchar_t *
LPOLESTR = OLECHAR * = BSTR = LPWSTR(Win32)
LPCOLESTR = const OLECHAR * = LPCWSTR(Win32)
LPTSTR = _TCHAR *
LPCTSTR = const _TCHAR *

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>

//function: charTowchar
//purpose:char to WCHAR 、wchar_t、LPWSTR etc
void charTowchar(const char *chr, wchar_t *wchar, int size)
{
MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, 0, chr,
strlen(chr)+1, wchar, size/sizeof(wchar[0]) );
}

//function: wcharTochar
//purpose:WCHAR 、wchar_t、LPWSTR to char
void wcharTochar(const wchar_t *wchar, char *chr, int length)
{
WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP, 0, wchar, -1,
chr, length, NULL, NULL );
}

int main (void)
{
char chr[128];
wchar_t *wchar = L"陈鸿钦";


//wchar_t to char
wcharTochar(wchar, chr, sizeof(chr));
printf("char is %s\n", chr);

//char to wchar_t
wchar = (wchar_t *)malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * 64);
charTowchar(chr, wchar, sizeof(wchar_t) * 64);

wprintf_s(L"%s\n", wchar);//
getchar();

return 0;
}

Requirements:  Ws2_32.lib

函数原型:
int WideCharToMultiByte(
  UINT CodePage,
  DWORD dwFlags,
  LPCWSTR lpWideCharStr,
  int cchWideChar,
  LPSTR lpMultiByteStr,
  int cbMultiByte,
  LPCSTR lpDefaultChar,   
  LPBOOL lpUsedDefaultChar
);

参数说明:
1、CodePage
指定要转换成的字符集代码页,它可以是任何已经安装的或系统自带的字符集,可以选择以下的代码页:
CP_ACP         //当前系统ANSI代码页
CP_MACCP       //当前系统Macintosh代码页
CP_OEMCP       //当前系统OEM代码页,一种原始设备制造商硬件扫描码
CP_SYMBOL      //Symbol代码页,用于Windows 2000及以后版本
CP_THREAD_ACP  //当前线程ANSI代码页,用于Windows 2000及以后版本
CP_UTF7  //UTF-7,设置此值时lpDefaultChar和lpUsedDefaultChar都必须为NULL
CP_UTF8  //UTF-8,设置此值时lpDefaultChar和lpUsedDefaultChar都必须为NULL

2、dwFlags
指定如何处理没有转换的字符,一般情况下设为0
WC_NO_BEST_FIT_CHARS  //把不能直接转换成相应多字节字符的Unicode字符转换成lpDefaultChar指定的默认字符。
WC_COMPOSITECHECK     //把合成字符转换成预制的字符。它可以与后三个选项中的任何一个组合使用,如果没有与他们中的任何一个组合,则与选项WC_SEPCHARS相同。
WC_ERR_INVALID_CHARS  //此选项会致使函数遇到无效字符时失败返回,并且GetLastError会返回错误码ERROR_NO_UNICODE_TRANSLATION。否则函数会自动丢弃非法字符。此选项只能用于UTF8
WC_DISCARDNS      //转换时丢弃不占空间的字符,与WC_COMPOSITECHECK一起使用
WC_SEPCHARS       //转换时产生单独的字符,此是默认转换选项,与WC_COMPOSITECHECK一起使用
WC_DEFAULTCHAR    //转换时使用默认字符代替例外的字符,(最常见的如"?"),与WC_COMPOSITECHECK一起使用

3、lpWideCharStr  //要转换的宽字符串
4、cchWideChar    //要转换宽字符串的长度,-1表示转换到字符串结尾
5、lpMultiByteStr //接收转换后输出的字符串的缓冲区
6、cbMultiByte    //输出缓冲区大小,如果为0,lpMultiByteStr将被忽略,函数将返回所需缓冲区大小而不使用lpMultiByteStr。
7、lpDefaultChar  //指向字符的指针,在指定编码里找不到相应字符时使用此字符作为默认字符代替,如果为NULL则使用系统默认字符
8、lpUsedDefaultChar  //开关变量的指针,用以表明是否使用过默认字符,可设为NULL

返回值:为0表示调用失败

下面就来看看如何将wstring和wchar_t*转换为string和char*
wstring转换为string:

wstring wstr=_T("翔翔糖糖");
int size=WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP,0,wstr.c_str(),-1,NULL,0,NULL,NULL);
char *ch=new char[size+1];
if(!WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP,0,wstr.c_str(),-1,ch,size,NULL,NULL))
{
    return false;
}
string str=ch;

wchar_t*转换为char*:
wchar_t *wch=_T("翔翔糖糖");
int size=WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP,0,wch,-1,NULL,0,NULL,NULL);
char *ch=new char[size+1];
if(!WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP,0,wch,-1,ch,size,NULL,NULL))
{
    return false;
}

wchar_t* wstr = L"A wide character string.";

char* ascii = new char[wcslen(wstr) + 1];

wcstombs( ascii, wstr, wcslen(wstr) );

 

另一种方法:                                                                                                                          

char* localeInfo;                                                                                                                

wchar_t *pwchello = L"/x3042/x3043"; // 2 Hiragana characters                                      

wchar_t *pwc;

wchar_t*转换为char*:                                                                                                       

size_t size;                                                                                                                           

 int requiredSize;                                                                                                                  

requiredSize = wcstombs( NULL, pwchello, 0);                                                                   

pmbhello = (unsigned char *)malloc( requiredSize + 1);                                              

size = wcstombs( pmbhello, pwchello, requiredSize + 1);

char* 转换为 wchar_t*                                                                                                      

size_t size;                                                                                                                           

 int requiredSize;                                                                                                                 

 requiredSize = mbstowcs(NULL, pmbhello, 0);                                                                    

pwc = (wchar_t *)malloc( (requiredSize + 1) * sizeof( wchar_t ));                                      

size = mbstowcs( pwc, pmbhello, requiredSize + 1);

 

请问怎么样把string转换到LPCTSTR

std::string   str;
LPCTSTR   lpstr   =   (LPCTSTR)str.c_str();

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