web框架本质:
浏览器:socket客户端
服务器:socket服务端
1.自己写socket服务端(最傻)
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*-
coding:utf-8 -*-
import socket
def handle_request(client):
date =
client.recv(1024)
client.send(b'HTTP/1.1 200
OK\r\n\r\n')
client.send(b'Hello')
def
main():
sock =
socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.bind(('localhost',8000))
sock.listen(5)
while
True:
conn,addr = sock.accept()
handle_request(conn)
conn.close()
if __name__ ==
'__main__':
main()
2.次之(web框架的开发者)
WSGI:通用网关服务接口
server_names = {
'cgi':
CGIServer,
'flup': FlupFCGIServer,
'wsgiref': WSGIRefServer,
'waitress':
WaitressServer,
'cherrypy':
CherryPyServer,
'paste': PasteServer,
'fapws3': FapwsServer,
'tornado':
TornadoServer,
'gae': AppEngineServer,
'twisted': TwistedServer,
'diesel':
DieselServer,
'meinheld': MeinheldServer,
'gunicorn': GunicornServer,
'eventlet':
EventletServer,
'gevent': GeventServer,
'geventSocketIO':GeventSocketIOServer,
'rocket':
RocketServer,
'bjoern' : BjoernServer,
'auto': AutoServer,
}
Python中的模块来实现web框架
from wsgiref.simple_server import
make_server
def RunServer(environ,
start_response):
# environ 用户请求的相关信息
#
start_response 设置用户相应的相关信息
start_response('200 OK',
[('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
return
[bytes('<h1>Hello, web!</h1>', encoding='utf-8'), ]
if __name__ == '__main__':
httpd = make_server('localhost',
8000, RunServer)
print("Serving HTTP on port
8000...")
httpd.serve_forever()
3.现成的web框架 Bottle,Flask,Django,tornado(不是用django写的)
四,Django
web框架分两类:
(功能齐全)
Django
大而全
Bottle,Flask,Tornado,Webpy
安装:
1.pip3 install
django
2.解压
python3 setup.py install
可执行文件 django-admin.exe 目录在python3下的script下
#添加环境变量
3.基本使用
创建project
django-admin startproject
projectname(Mysite)
mysite
- mysite (配置文件)
-
manage.py (管理project)
-
app(cmdb)
- models.py
数据库操作
- admin.py
配置django自带的后台管理
- apps.py
当前app的配置
- test.py
单元测试
- views.py 做业务处理
运行
cd mysite
python3
manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8000
创建app(处理业务逻辑)
cd mysite
python3 manage.py
startapp cmdb
python3 manage.py startapp
monitor(监控)
django的基本使用
urls中的配置
from cmdb(appname) import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/',
admin.site.urls),#默认的管理界面
url(r'^index/',
views.index),#自己配置的指向views.index
]
views中的配置
from django.shortcuts import
HttpResponse
# 至少一个参数request
#
request封装用户请求相关信息
def index(request):
print(request.GET)
return HttpResponse('ok')