Problem A: Adventures in Moving - Part IV
To help you move from Waterloo to the big city, you are considering renting a moving truck. Gas prices being so high these days, you want to know how much the gas for such a beast will set you back.
The truck consumes a full litre of gas for each kilometre it travels. It has a 200 litre gas tank. When you rent the truck in Waterloo, the tank is half full. When you return it in the big city, the tank must be at least half full, or you'll get gouged even more for gas by the rental company. You would like to spend as little as possible on gas, but you don't want to run out along the way.
Input
The input begins with a single positive integer on a line by itself indicating the number of the cases following, each of them as described below. This line is followed by a blank line, and there is also a blank line between two consecutive inputs.
Input is all integers. The first integer is the distance in kilometres from Waterloo to the big city, at most 10000. Next comes a set of up to 100 gas station specifications, describing all the gas stations along your route, in non-decreasing order by distance. Each specification consists of the distance in kilometres of the gas station from Waterloo, and the price of a litre of gas at the gas station, in tenths of a cent, at most 2000.
Output
For each test case, the output must follow the description below. The outputs of two consecutive cases will be separated by a blank line.
Output is the minimum amount of money that you can spend on gas to get you from Waterloo to the big city. If it is not possible to get from Waterloo to the big city subject to the constraints above, print "Impossible".
Sample Input
1 500
100 999
150 888
200 777
300 999
400 1009
450 1019
500 1399
Output for Sample Input
450550
题意：给定终点距离。和起点到终点之间的加油站位置和每个加油站每升油的价钱，求最少需要花的钱使得到终点后油剩100升。
思路：dp。i作为站点，j作为有多少升油。dp[i][j]表示在第i个站点有j升油所需要花的最少钱，k为在前一个站点加k升油。
状态转移方程dp[i][j] = min(dp[i][j], dp[i - 1][j + dis - k] + k * city[i].n)。
代码：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std; int t, n, dp[105][205], num, i, j, k;
char sb[105];
struct City {
int d, n;
} city[105]; int min(int a, int b) {
return a < b ? a : b;
} int cmp(City a, City b) {
return a.d < b.d;
}
int main() {
scanf("%d", &t);
while (t --) {
num = 1;
scanf("%d%*c", &n);
while (gets(sb) != NULL && sb[0] != '\0') {
sscanf(sb, "%d%d", &city[num].d, &city[num].n);
num ++;
}
sort(city + 1, city + num, cmp);
for (i = 0; i <= num; i ++)
for (j = 0; j <= 200; j ++)
dp[i][j] = INT_MAX;
dp[0][100] = 0;
for (i = 1; i < num; i ++) {
int dis = city[i].d - city[i - 1].d;
for (j = 0; j <= 200; j ++) {
for (k = 0; k <= j; k ++) {
if (j + dis - k <= 200 && dp[i - 1][j + dis - k] != INT_MAX) {
dp[i][j] = min(dp[i][j], dp[i - 1][j + dis - k] + k * city[i].n);
}
}
}
}
if (dp[num - 1][100 + abs(n - city[num - 1].d)] != INT_MAX && 100 + abs(n - city[num - 1].d) <= 200) {
printf("%d\n", dp[num - 1][100 + abs(n - city[num - 1].d)]);
}
else
printf("Impossible\n");
if (t) printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}