EF学习笔记——生成自定义实体类

时间:2021-09-14 19:53:48

使用EF,采用DataBase 模式,实体类都是按照数据库的定义自动生成,我们似乎无法干预。如果要生成自定义的实体类,该怎么做呢?

思路是这样的:

1、我们要自定义生成的实体类,都是分部类(partial),目的是对EF生成的实体类进行扩充;

2、扩充部分,预先写好在模板里,自动生成

3、每个实体类,都进行扩充

实施方法:

1、给VS2012安装两个插件:

  • Devart T4 Editor:为VS提供智能提示功能。
  • T4 Toolbox:在生成多文件时很有用。

2、新建文件夹T4,存放模板文件

1)创建T4 Toolbox模板文件EntityTemplate.tt,作用是生成多个实体类文件

EF学习笔记——生成自定义实体类

代码如下:

<#+
// <copyright file="Entity.tt" company="cqxm">
// Copyright © . All Rights Reserved.
// </copyright> public class Entity : CSharpTemplate
{
private string _className; public Entity(string className)
{
_className = className;
} public override string TransformText()
{
base.TransformText();
#>
namespace testEF
{
public partial class <#= _className #> : IEntity
{
public string _ID
{
get
{
return Id.ToString();
}
}
}
}
<#+
return this.GenerationEnvironment.ToString();
}
}
#>

2)创建T4模板文件EntityOutput.tt,调用前面写的EntityTemplate.tt,真正生成各种实体类文件

EF学习笔记——生成自定义实体类

<#@ template debug="false" hostspecific="false" language="C#" #>
<#@ assembly name="System.Core" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.IO" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Linq" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Text" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Collections.Generic" #>
<#@ include file="EF.Utility.CS.ttinclude"#>
<#@ include file="T4Toolbox.tt" #>
<#@ include file="EntityTemplate.tt" #>
<#
string curPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Host.TemplateFile);
string destPath = Path.Combine(curPath, @"..\Partial");//将各个扩充实体类文件生成到文件夹Partial下
if(!Directory.Exists(destPath))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(destPath);
}
const string inputFile = @"..\ShowMe.edmx";
var textTransform = DynamicTextTransformation.Create(this);
var itemCollection = new EdmMetadataLoader(textTransform.Host, textTransform.Errors).CreateEdmItemCollection(inputFile);
foreach (var entity in GetItemsToGenerate<EntityType>(itemCollection))
{//每个实体类都要自动生成扩充文件,是自动哦,参考文章里介绍的是手动输入实体类名称
Entity template = new Entity(entity.Name);
string fileName = string.Format(@"{0}\{1}.cs", destPath, entity.Name);
template.Output.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
if(File.Exists(fileName))
{
File.Delete(fileName);
}
template.RenderToFile(fileName);
}
#> <#+
/*以下代码都是为了获得EF自动生成的所有实体类名单,抄自 *.edmx\*.Context.tt。
没办法,谁叫俺看不懂哪些代码呢
*/
public class EdmMetadataLoader
{
private readonly IDynamicHost _host;
private readonly System.Collections.IList _errors; public EdmMetadataLoader(IDynamicHost host, System.Collections.IList errors)
{
ArgumentNotNull(host, "host");
ArgumentNotNull(errors, "errors"); _host = host;
_errors = errors;
} public IEnumerable<GlobalItem> CreateEdmItemCollection(string sourcePath)
{
ArgumentNotNull(sourcePath, "sourcePath"); if (!ValidateInputPath(sourcePath))
{
return new EdmItemCollection();
} var schemaElement = LoadRootElement(_host.ResolvePath(sourcePath));
if (schemaElement != null)
{
using (var reader = schemaElement.CreateReader())
{
IList<EdmSchemaError> errors;
var itemCollection = MetadataItemCollectionFactory.CreateEdmItemCollection(new[] { reader }, out errors); ProcessErrors(errors, sourcePath); return itemCollection;
}
}
return new EdmItemCollection();
} public string GetModelNamespace(string sourcePath)
{
ArgumentNotNull(sourcePath, "sourcePath"); if (!ValidateInputPath(sourcePath))
{
return string.Empty;
} var model = LoadRootElement(_host.ResolvePath(sourcePath));
if (model == null)
{
return string.Empty;
} var attribute = model.Attribute("Namespace");
return attribute != null ? attribute.Value : "";
} private bool ValidateInputPath(string sourcePath)
{
if (sourcePath == "$" + "edmxInputFile" + "$")
{
_errors.Add(
new CompilerError(_host.TemplateFile ?? sourcePath, 0, 0, string.Empty,
GetResourceString("Template_ReplaceVsItemTemplateToken")));
return false;
} return true;
} public XElement LoadRootElement(string sourcePath)
{
ArgumentNotNull(sourcePath, "sourcePath"); var root = XElement.Load(sourcePath, LoadOptions.SetBaseUri | LoadOptions.SetLineInfo);
return root.Elements()
.Where(e => e.Name.LocalName == "Runtime")
.Elements()
.Where(e => e.Name.LocalName == "ConceptualModels")
.Elements()
.Where(e => e.Name.LocalName == "Schema")
.FirstOrDefault()
?? root;
} private void ProcessErrors(IEnumerable<EdmSchemaError> errors, string sourceFilePath)
{
foreach (var error in errors)
{
_errors.Add(
new CompilerError(
error.SchemaLocation ?? sourceFilePath,
error.Line,
error.Column,
error.ErrorCode.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
error.Message)
{
IsWarning = error.Severity == EdmSchemaErrorSeverity.Warning
});
}
} public bool IsLazyLoadingEnabled(EntityContainer container)
{
string lazyLoadingAttributeValue;
var lazyLoadingAttributeName = MetadataConstants.EDM_ANNOTATION_09_02 + ":LazyLoadingEnabled";
bool isLazyLoading;
return !MetadataTools.TryGetStringMetadataPropertySetting(container, lazyLoadingAttributeName, out lazyLoadingAttributeValue)
|| !bool.TryParse(lazyLoadingAttributeValue, out isLazyLoading)
|| isLazyLoading;
}
} public static void ArgumentNotNull<T>(T arg, string name) where T : class
{
if (arg == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException(name);
}
} private static readonly Lazy<System.Resources.ResourceManager> ResourceManager =
new Lazy<System.Resources.ResourceManager>(
() => new System.Resources.ResourceManager("System.Data.Entity.Design", typeof(MetadataItemCollectionFactory).Assembly), isThreadSafe: true); public static string GetResourceString(string resourceName)
{
ArgumentNotNull(resourceName, "resourceName"); return ResourceManager.Value.GetString(resourceName, null);
}
private const string ExternalTypeNameAttributeName = @"http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2006/04/codegeneration:ExternalTypeName";
public IEnumerable<T> GetItemsToGenerate<T>(IEnumerable<GlobalItem> itemCollection) where T: EdmType
{
return itemCollection
.OfType<T>()
.Where(i => !i.MetadataProperties.Any(p => p.Name == ExternalTypeNameAttributeName))
.OrderBy(i => i.Name);
}
#>

生成各种实体类文件的方法很简单,只要保存一下这个EntityOutput.tt文件,各种实体类文件即可应声生成,很爽。

最后生成的文件如蓝线圈圈所示

EF学习笔记——生成自定义实体类

某个实体扩充类:

// <autogenerated>
// This file was generated by T4 code generator EntityOutput.tt.
// Any changes made to this file manually will be lost next time the file is regenerated.
// </autogenerated> namespace testEF
{
public partial class Show : IEntity
{
public string _ID
{
get
{
return Id.ToString();
}
}
}
}

这个模板文件看起来好复杂,事实上,绝大部分都是自动生成,和拷贝过来的,我自己其实并不懂。

参考文章:

MVC实用架构设计(三)——EF-Code First(3):使用T4模板生成相似代码

http://www.cnblogs.com/guomingfeng/p/mvc-ef-t4.html

EF架构~终于实现了Update方法的统一

http://www.cnblogs.com/lori/archive/2011/07/25/2115982.html