觉得Core Java在Java 初始化过程的总体顺序没有讲,只是说了构造器时的顺序,作者似乎认为路径很多,列出来比较混乱。我觉得还是要搞清楚它的过程比较好。所以现在结合我的学习经验写出具体过程:
过程如下:
1.在类的声明里查看有无静态元素(static element, 我姑且这么叫吧),比如:
static int x = 1, { //block float sss = 333.3; String str = "hello"; } 或者 比如 static { //(static block), int x = 2; double y = 33.3; } |
如果有static element则首先执行其中语句,但注意static element只执行一次,在第二次创建类的对象的时候,就不会去执行static element的语句.
2.查看此类是否为启动运行类,若为启动运行类,则执行main()方法里的语句对应语句
3.若不是启动运行类,则按代码的排版先后顺序继续执行非static element的变量赋值以及代码块.
4.最后执行构造方法,如果在被调用的构造方法里面有this关键字(注意,如果你考虑要调用其他构造方法,则应该把this写在最前面,不然会产生错误),则先调用相应构造方法主体,调用完之后再执行自己的剩下语句.
class FirstClass ...{ FirstClass(int i) ...{ System.out.println("FirstClass(" i ")"); } void useMethod(int k) ...{ System.out.println("useMethod(" k ")"); } } class SecondClass ...{ static FirstClass fc1 = new FirstClass(1); FirstClass fc3 = new FirstClass(3); static ...{ FirstClass fc2 = new FirstClass(2); } ...{ System.out.println("SecondClass's block, this block is not static block."); } SecondClass() ...{ System.out.println("SecondClass()"); } FirstClass fc4 = new FirstClass(4); } public class InitiationDemo ...{ SecondClass sc1 = new SecondClass(); ...{ System.out.println("Hello Java World!"); } public static void main(String[] args) ...{ System.out.println("Inside main()"); SecondClass.fc1.useMethod(100); InitiationDemo idObj = new InitiationDemo(); } static SecondClass sc2 = new SecondClass(); } |
运行结果:
FirstClass(1) FirstClass(2) FirstClass(3) SecondClass's block, this block is not static block. FirstClass(4) SecondClass() Inside main() useMethod(100) FirstClass(3) SecondClass's block, this block is not static block. FirstClass(4) SecondClass() Hello Java World! |