I having trouble passing a function as a parameter to another function. This is my code:
我将函数作为参数传递给另一个函数时遇到了麻烦。这是我的代码：
ga.py:
ga.py：
def display_pageviews(hostname):
pageviews_results = get_pageviews_query(service, hostname).execute()
if pageviews_results.get('rows', []):
pv = pageviews_results.get('rows')
return pv[0]
else:
return None
def get_pageviews_query(service, hostname):
return service.data().ga().get(
ids=VIEW_ID,
start_date='7daysAgo',
end_date='today',
metrics='ga:pageviews',
sort='-ga:pageviews',
filters='ga:hostname==%s' % hostname,)
models.py:
models.py：
class Stats(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField('auth.User')
views = models.IntegerField()
visits = models.IntegerField()
unique_visits = models.IntegerField()
updatestats.py:
updatestats.py：
class Command(BaseCommand):
def handle(self, *args, **options):
users = User.objects.all()
try:
for user in users:
hostname = '%s.%s' % (user.username, settings.NETWORK_DOMAIN)
stats = Stats.objects.update_or_create(
user=user,
views=display_pageviews(hostname),
visits=display_visits(hostname),
unique_visits=display_unique_visits(hostname),)
except FieldError:
print ('There was a field error.')
When I run this: python manage.py updatestats I get the error:
当我运行这个：python manage.py updatestats我收到错误：
TypeError: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'list'
TypeError：int（）参数必须是字符串，类似字节的对象或数字，而不是'list'
I don't know what's causing this. I've tried converting it to a string, but I get the same error. Any ideas?
我不知道是什么造成了这种情况。我已经尝试将其转换为字符串，但我得到了同样的错误。有任何想法吗？
Full traceback:
完全追溯：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 20, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 353, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 345, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 348, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 399, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/project_files/project/main/management/commands/updatestats.py", line 23, in handle
unique_visits=display_unique_visits(hostname),)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 122, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 480, in update_or_create
obj = self.get(**lookup)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 378, in get
clone = self.filter(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 790, in filter
return self._filter_or_exclude(False, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 808, in _filter_or_exclude
clone.query.add_q(Q(*args, **kwargs))
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1243, in add_q
clause, _ = self._add_q(q_object, self.used_aliases)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1269, in _add_q
allow_joins=allow_joins, split_subq=split_subq,
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1203, in build_filter
condition = self.build_lookup(lookups, col, value)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1099, in build_lookup
return final_lookup(lhs, rhs)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/lookups.py", line 19, in __init__
self.rhs = self.get_prep_lookup()
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/lookups.py", line 57, in get_prep_lookup
return self.lhs.output_field.get_prep_lookup(self.lookup_name, self.rhs)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 1860, in get_prep_lookup
return super(IntegerField, self).get_prep_lookup(lookup_type, value)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 744, in get_prep_lookup
return self.get_prep_value(value)
File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 1854, in get_prep_value
return int(value)
TypeError: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'list'
Edit:
编辑：
Alright, I understand what the issue is. I used the shell to get the type of function output:
好吧，我明白这个问题是什么。我使用shell来获取函数输出的类型：
>>> type(display_pageviews('test.domain.com'))
<class 'list'>
I tried with this but it is still considered as a list:
我试过这个但它仍然被认为是一个列表：
pv = pageviews_results.get('rows')[0]
return pv
1 个解决方案
#1
15
What the error is telling, is that you can't convert an entire list into an integer. You could get an index from the list and convert that into an integer:
错误告诉你的是，你无法将整个列表转换为整数。您可以从列表中获取索引并将其转换为整数：
x = ["0", "1", "2"]
y = int(x[0]) #accessing the zeroth element
If your trying to convert a whole list into an integer, you are going to have to convert the list into a string first:
如果您尝试将整个列表转换为整数，则必须首先将列表转换为字符串：
x = ["0", "1", "2"]
y = ''.join(x) # converting list into string
z = int(y)
as stated above, make sure that you're not returning a nested list.
如上所述，请确保您没有返回嵌套列表。
#1
15
What the error is telling, is that you can't convert an entire list into an integer. You could get an index from the list and convert that into an integer:
错误告诉你的是，你无法将整个列表转换为整数。您可以从列表中获取索引并将其转换为整数：
x = ["0", "1", "2"]
y = int(x[0]) #accessing the zeroth element
If your trying to convert a whole list into an integer, you are going to have to convert the list into a string first:
如果您尝试将整个列表转换为整数，则必须首先将列表转换为字符串：
x = ["0", "1", "2"]
y = ''.join(x) # converting list into string
z = int(y)
as stated above, make sure that you're not returning a nested list.
如上所述，请确保您没有返回嵌套列表。